This document outlines an educational project for 8th grade students on body language across different cultures. It instructs students to form two groups - one to research European body language and the other Eastern body language. Each group will create and distribute a questionnaire to classmates on gestures and communication issues resulting from cultural differences. The groups will then use the findings to create manuals or brochures with tips for improving intercultural communication skills. The project will involve choosing a product, comparing research findings, self and group evaluations, and presenting the final product.
This document discusses unspoken body language in several Eastern countries, including Azerbaijan, Turkey, China, India, Japan, and Iran. It provides details on common greetings like handshaking and kissing cheeks in Azerbaijan and Turkey. Specific gestures are identified that can have different meanings across cultures, such as pointing, nodding, and hand motions. The "OK" gesture and a "get lost" gesture are also described as having different implications in Iran than in other places.
This document discusses body language differences across several European countries. In France, knocking one's head means satisfaction, showing unawareness. In Italy, bringing both index fingers together means "to say true", while putting on blinders means "to bring both index fingers together to the center." In Spain, raising a hand means attracting attention at a meeting, while stomping expresses a positive evaluation and scuffing expresses a negative one. In England, clicking fingers is used for calling the waiter.
This document discusses irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). It notes that IBS affects over 60% of sick leave cases, and reduces quality of life similar to other conditions like COPD or colorectal cancer. IBS is diagnosed through ruling out other conditions and has no clear cause. Treatment options discussed include reassurance, dietary changes, medication for diarrhea/constipation, antidepressants in low doses, probiotics, and behavioral therapies. New medications for IBS with constipation like linaclotide are showing promise in clinical trials.
Teimour Radjabov was born in 1987 in Baki, Azerbaijan. He is an Azerbaijani chess Grandmaster, the first in Azerbaijan and fourth in the world, having earned the Grandmaster title at age 14, the second youngest ever. As the youngest participant, Radjabov won the 1999 European Under 18 Championship, and in 2003 became the first player to defeat three former and reigning World Chess Champions with black pieces in one year.
Elnur Mammadli is an Azerbaijani Olympic judo champion who won gold at the 2008 Beijing Olympics in the under 81kg category. He is a two-time European champion in 2006 and 2011 and won silver at the 2007 World Championships. At the 2008 Olympics, Mammadli defeated the South Korean world champion Chun Ki Won in the final to secure his first Olympic gold medal.
There are many popular sports in Azerbaijan such as wrestling, judo, karate, and swimming. By decree of the president of Azerbaijan, March 5 is recognized as Sports Day. Rafael Aghayev is a leading Azeri karate competitor who has won 12 gold and 6 bronze medals from 2007 to 2012 and is considered a brilliant of karate. Sharif Sharifov is a male wrestler from Azerbaijan who won gold at the 2012 Summer Olympics and has earned medals including gold in 2011 and 2012 and bronze in 2009 and 2011.
Ilham Azizaga oglu Zakiyev is an Azerbaijani blind judoka who was born in 1980 in Sumgayit. He began practicing judo at age 11 and lost his eyesight completely in 1999. After rehabilitation, he returned to judo as a Paralympian and has won gold medals at the 2004 and 2008 Paralympics in the +100 kg division. He has also won four European championships and two World championships.
Toghrul Asgarov is an Olympic and European champion wrestler from Azerbaijan. He began wrestling in 2002 in Ganja and was advised to focus on freestyle wrestling due to his natural talents. In 2012, Asgarov won a gold medal in men's 60-kilogram freestyle wrestling at the Summer Olympics in London, bringing home Azerbaijan's first Olympic gold medal.
Ulviyya Akperova is an Azerbaijani sport shooter who won gold in skeet shooting at the 2000 Sydney Olympics and bronze at the 2004 Athens Olympics. She had earlier success as the European champion in 1986-1988 and earned silver and bronze medals between 1987-1990. Akperova took up shooting sports inspired by her family's involvement in policing and physical education.
My school was formerly a hospital during World War 2. Over the decades, the building has been renovated three times and now tells a story from the past. The school focuses on student achievements in both academics and sports. It has wide corridors, bright stairs, big classrooms and a media hall to enhance learning with 3D images. The school also offers the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme to challenge students and prepare them for university.
This document discusses irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). It notes that IBS affects over 60% of sick leave cases, and reduces quality of life similar to other conditions like COPD or colorectal cancer. IBS is diagnosed through ruling out other conditions and has no clear cause. Treatment options discussed include reassurance, dietary changes, medication for diarrhea/constipation, antidepressants in low doses, probiotics, and behavioral therapies. New medications for IBS with constipation like linaclotide are showing promise in clinical trials.
Teimour Radjabov was born in 1987 in Baki, Azerbaijan. He is an Azerbaijani chess Grandmaster, the first in Azerbaijan and fourth in the world, having earned the Grandmaster title at age 14, the second youngest ever. As the youngest participant, Radjabov won the 1999 European Under 18 Championship, and in 2003 became the first player to defeat three former and reigning World Chess Champions with black pieces in one year.
Elnur Mammadli is an Azerbaijani Olympic judo champion who won gold at the 2008 Beijing Olympics in the under 81kg category. He is a two-time European champion in 2006 and 2011 and won silver at the 2007 World Championships. At the 2008 Olympics, Mammadli defeated the South Korean world champion Chun Ki Won in the final to secure his first Olympic gold medal.
There are many popular sports in Azerbaijan such as wrestling, judo, karate, and swimming. By decree of the president of Azerbaijan, March 5 is recognized as Sports Day. Rafael Aghayev is a leading Azeri karate competitor who has won 12 gold and 6 bronze medals from 2007 to 2012 and is considered a brilliant of karate. Sharif Sharifov is a male wrestler from Azerbaijan who won gold at the 2012 Summer Olympics and has earned medals including gold in 2011 and 2012 and bronze in 2009 and 2011.
Ilham Azizaga oglu Zakiyev is an Azerbaijani blind judoka who was born in 1980 in Sumgayit. He began practicing judo at age 11 and lost his eyesight completely in 1999. After rehabilitation, he returned to judo as a Paralympian and has won gold medals at the 2004 and 2008 Paralympics in the +100 kg division. He has also won four European championships and two World championships.
Toghrul Asgarov is an Olympic and European champion wrestler from Azerbaijan. He began wrestling in 2002 in Ganja and was advised to focus on freestyle wrestling due to his natural talents. In 2012, Asgarov won a gold medal in men's 60-kilogram freestyle wrestling at the Summer Olympics in London, bringing home Azerbaijan's first Olympic gold medal.
Ulviyya Akperova is an Azerbaijani sport shooter who won gold in skeet shooting at the 2000 Sydney Olympics and bronze at the 2004 Athens Olympics. She had earlier success as the European champion in 1986-1988 and earned silver and bronze medals between 1987-1990. Akperova took up shooting sports inspired by her family's involvement in policing and physical education.
My school was formerly a hospital during World War 2. Over the decades, the building has been renovated three times and now tells a story from the past. The school focuses on student achievements in both academics and sports. It has wide corridors, bright stairs, big classrooms and a media hall to enhance learning with 3D images. The school also offers the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme to challenge students and prepare them for university.
3. Epileptik tutma
Serebral neyronlarda paroksizmal ortaya 巽脹xan anormal
neyronal boalmalar脹 nticsind meydana 巽脹xan ke巽ici
nevroloji disfunksiyas脹
Epilepsiya
Xstenin tkrar epileptik tutmalar ke巽irmsi il
m端aiyt olunan klinik vziyyt v ya sindrom
Tk tutma ---% 30-60
聴ki tutma ---% 80-90
Epilepsiya sinir sistemi xstlilrinin strukturunda III yer
tutur, 端mumi populyasiyada 0,3-3%, uaqlar aras脹nda 0,7-
1 % tkil edir.
聴ki il rzind
9. Oyad脹c脹 neyrotransmitterl r aspartat ,
qlutamat.
Tormozlay脹c脹 neyrotransmitterl r - QAYT ,
qlisin, taurin.
10. Epilepsiyan脹n t snifat脹 端巽端n laz脹md脹r:
tutma tiplri v tezliyi
tutmalar脹n balang脹c ya脹
Ail anamnezi
EEG v neyrovizualizasiya
(MRI)
nevroloji m端ayin
risk faktorlar脹
etiologiya
11. Epileptik tutmalar klinik
simptomlar脹n v iktal
EEGdki epileptik
boalmalar脹n yerli v ya
yay脹lm脹 olmas脹n脹 n z r
almaqla Parsial v ya
Generaliz olunmu
olaraq t snif edilir .
12. Tutma il gln x st y diaqnostik yanama
tutma Tutma deyil (sinkop, bay脹lma)
K skin s b bin olmas脹
B li Xeyr
K skin simptomatik
Febril konvulsiyalar
X b rdarl脹q lam tl ri yox
Tk tutma Birdn 巽ox tutma
EP聴LEPS聴YA
Sporadik tutma
13. EpilepsiEpilepsiyan脹nyan脹n diaqnostikas脹ndadiaqnostikas脹nda 33
nnmli Amli Addd脹md脹m
ParoksiParoksizzmalmal hallarhallar tutmad脹rm脹tutmad脹rm脹??
Qeyri-Qeyri-epileptikepileptik hallar脹nhallar脹n differensilaldifferensilal
diaqnostikas脹diaqnostikas脹
Tutmalar脹nTutmalar脹n t snifat脹t snifat脹 !!!!!!!!
Epileptik sEpileptik siindrom vndrom v etetiioloologgiiyayann脹脹nn
m端 yy nl dirilm si m端 yy nl dirilm si !!!!!!
DifferensialDifferensial
diaqnostikadiaqnostika
14. Tutmalar脹n klinik t snifat脹 (1)Tutmalar脹n klinik t snifat脹 (1)
AuraAura
G旦rG旦rmm
DadDad
EitmEitm
QoxuQoxu
SomatosensorSomatosensor
AvAvtonomtonom
AbdominalAbdominal
PsiPsixxii
15. Tutmalar脹n klinik t snifat脹 (2)Tutmalar脹n klinik t snifat脹 (2)
Huun itm siHuun itm si (Dialeptik(Dialeptik tutmatutma))
Tutmalar脹n sas lam ti Tutmalar脹n sas lam ti
1.1. X st huu X st huu nunu itiritiririr
2.2.X st kontakta girmir X st kontakta girmir
16. Tutmalar脹n klinik t snifat脹 (3)Tutmalar脹n klinik t snifat脹 (3)
MotorMotor simptomlarsimptomlar
o SadSad
KlonikKlonik
TonikTonik
Tonik-klonikTonik-klonik
MMiioklonikoklonik
VersiVersivv
Epileptik SpazmEpileptik Spazm
o Kompleks*Kompleks*
AvAvtomtomaatortor
HipermHipermaatortor
EElastiklastik
17. Tutmalar脹n klinik t snifat脹 (4)Tutmalar脹n klinik t snifat脹 (4)
AvAvtonomtonom tutmatutma
TaTaxxikardiikardiyaya
T n ff端sd T n ff端sd dd yiiklikyiiklik
TTrlrlmm
B b yin gen lm si B b yin gen lm si
18. Tutmalar脹n klinik t snifat脹 (5)Tutmalar脹n klinik t snifat脹 (5)
X端susiX端susi tutmalartutmalar
AfazikAfazik
AtonikAtonik
AstatikAstatik
AkinetikAkinetik
HipomotorHipomotor
NegatiNegativv mmiioklonikoklonik
19. 仰diopatik Epilepsiya: Hr hans脹 bir etioloji
amilin olmamas脹, g端cl端 qal脹q lam tl ri v EEG-d
xarakterik olan lam tl ri olan epilepsiya
Simptomatik Epilepsiya: Serebral bir
patologiya il bal脹 ya da n az脹ndan onunla
laq l ndiril biln epilepsiya.
Kriptogen Epilepsiya: Hal-haz脹rk脹 metodlar脹n
etioloji faktorlar脹 akarlaya bilm diyi , ancaq idiopatik
epilepsiyaya uyun g lm y n epilepsiya.
22. Epileptik tutmalar脹n t snifat脹.
I. Generaliz olunmu epileptik tutmalar.
A.Absanslar : sad v m端r kk b
B. Mioklonik tutmalar
C. Klonik tutmalar
D. Tonik tutmalar
E. Atonik tutmalar
23. II. Parsial (fokal, lokal ) tutmalar.
A. Huun pozulmamas脹 il ged n sad parsial
tutmalar ( h r ki, somatosensor, vegetativ, psixi
simptomlarla )
B. Huun itm si il ged n m端r kk b parsial
tutmalar.
III. T snifatland脹r脹lmam脹 epileptik tutmalar.
24. EP聴LEPS聴YA S聴NDROMLARININ
TESN聴FATI 1989
K旦rp l rin xoxass li tutmalar脹
Uaqlarda m rk z v gicgah nahiy si
spaykalar脹 il xoxass li epilepsiya
ROLAND聴K
Uaqlarda ns pay脹n脹n xoxass li erk n
balan脹cl脹 epilepsiyas脹 PANA聴TOPULUS tipi
Uaqlarda ns pay脹nn gec balan脹cl脹
epilepsiyas脹 QASTO tipi
25. A聴L V聴 (autosom dominant)FOKAL
EP聴LEPS聴YALAR
Yenidoulmular脹n xoxass li ail vi tutmalar脹
K旦rp l rin xoxass li ail vi tutmalar脹
Gec tutmalar脹 il al脹n pay脹n脹n autosom
dominant epilepsiyas脹
Gicgah pay脹n脹n ail vi epilepsiyas脹
M端xt lif fokuslardan ail vi fokal epilepsiya
26. 聴r lil y n mioklonok epilepsiyalar
Seroid lipofussinoz
Sialidoz
Lafora x st liyi
Unferrixt-Lundborq x st liyi
Neyroaksonal distrofiya
MERRF sindromu (parcalanm脹 q脹rm脹z脹 z l
lifl ri il mioklonus epilepsiya
Dentatorubrapallidal atrofiya
Dig rl ri
30. 聴D聴OPAT聴K YAYILMI EP聴LEPS聴YALAR
K旦rp l rin xoxass li mioklonuk epileosiyalar
Mioklonik-astatik tutmalar
Uaqlar脹n absans epilepsiyalar脹
Mioklonik absanslar epilepsiyas脹
M端xt lif fenotipl rl idipatik yay脹lm脹 epilepsiyalar
G ncl rin absans epilepsiyas脹
G ncl rin mioklonik epilepsiyalar脹
Yaln脹z yay脹lm脹 tonik klonik tutmalarla kec n
epilepsiya
Fokal v ya multifokal kortikal displaziya
33. EP聴LEPT聴K ENSEFALOPAT聴YALAR
Erk n mioklonik ensefalopatiya
Otahara sindromu
Vest sindromu
Dravet sindromu
仰r lil m y n ensefalopatiyada mioklonik
status
Lennoks-Qasto sindromu
Landau-kleffner sindromu
34. EP聴LEPS聴YA D聴AQNOZUNU T L B
ETM Y N TUTMALAR
Yenidoulmular脹n xoxass li tutmalar脹
Q脹zd脹rma tutmalar脹
Alkoqol q bulu
Menkes x st liyi
Karbbe x st liyi
Sanflippo sindromu
Fumaraza cat脹mazl脹脹
Mitoxondrial x st likl r
35. Mioklonusun t snifat脹
Fizioloji mioklonus
fiziki y端kd n sonrak脹 m.
H脹巽q脹rma
Yuxu m.
Yenidoulmular脹n qeyri-epileptik xo xass li infantil spazm脹
Psixogen m.
Esensial mioklonus
Esensial mioklonus- distoniya
Xo xass li ail vi Fridreyx polimiokloniyas脹-irsi , autosom
dominant xarakterli
Ail vi gec m.
Yumaq dama脹n esensial m.
Reflektor m.
36. Mioklonusun t snifat脹
Epileptik mioklonus
yenidoulmular脹n xo xass li mioklonik epilepsiyas脹
erk n ya脹n mioklonik ensefalopatiyas脹 ( Otaxara sindromu- deb端t 3 yaa q d r, tonik spazm, parsial
tutma v miokloniyalar klind ke巽ir ).
Vest sindromu infantil spazm, EEQ- d hipsaritmiya, psixomotor inkiaf脹n l ngim si
Lennoks- Qasto sindromu ( Mioklonik astatik epilepsiya). Atipik absans, tonik q脹colmalar, atonik v
astatik q脹colmalar, qli inkiaf脹n l ngim si, EEQ-d yava spayk dalalar v s.
Yuvenil mioklonik epilepsiya, ks r n yuxudan ay脹lark n traflarda miokloniyalarla manifestasiya
olunur
Proqressivl n mioklonik epilepsiya, miokloniyalardan lav ataksiya olur.Deb端td n 10-20 il sonra
旦l端m ba verir.
M端badil nin irsi x st likl ri- toplanman脹n lizosomal x st likl ri, lipofussinoz- neyronal period,
sialidozlar, mitoxondrial x st likl r(MERRF), B vitaminl ri defisiti, qlikogenozlar, Laqori x st liyi v
s. tez- tez mioklonik tutmalarla xarakteriz olunur.
Epilepsiya partialis continua- Kojevnikov epilepsiyas脹, Rasmussen ensefaliti- fokal epilepsiyan脹n x端susi
variant脹 olub miokloniyalarla m端ayi t olunur.
Anqelman sindromu( kariotip XX ya XY.15p )-autistik v hiperdinamik davran脹,dissomniya,
epilepsiya, xoreya, neqativ mioklonus v daimi g端l端 qrimas脹 il xarakteriz olunur.
Rett sindromu (MESP2-nin tip mutasiyas脹) proqressivl n autizm, epilepsiya v miokloniyalarla
m端ayi t olunur.
37. Mioklonusun t snifat脹
Simptomatik (II-li qeyri epileptik) mioklonus.(SM)
SM m端badil x st likl ri v neyrodegenerativ x st likl r zaman脹 m端ahid olunur.
Lizosom x st likl ri (II,III tip Qoe, IY tip Tey-Saks x st liyi, C tipli Niman- Pik x st liyi) ,
neyronal seroid- lipofussinoz, mitoxondrial x st likl r (MERFf), seliakiya x st liyi v s.
aiddir.Neyrodegenerativ x st likl r dedikd Qallervorden pats, Vilson-Konovalov, Lafora,
spino-serebellar ataksiyalarda, dentorubropallidolyuis atrofiyas脹nda, sistem atrofiyalarda,
kortikobazal degenerasiyalarda, parkinsonizmd , Hantinqton xoreyas脹nda, Levi cisimcikl ri
il demensiyada, yar脹mk skin sklerozlaan panensefalit, Alsqeymer x st liyind S M (qeyri
epileptik) m端ahid edil bilir.
- Mioklonik Distoniya autosom resessiv x st lik olub sas n yuxar脹 traflarda rast g lir.
Bu mioklonus autoimmun x st likl rd - DS, KDEM, opsoklonus- mioklonus sindromunda
da rast g l bilir.
- Opsoklonus Mioklonus (Kisburn sindromu) r qs ed n g旦zl r sindromu v ya
s端d m rl rin mioklonik ensefalopatiys脹- g旦z almalar脹n脹n sakkadik h r k tl ri (qeyri-iradi,
qeyri -m端nt z m, b端t端n istiqam tl rd , fiksasiyan脹n pozulmas脹 il ),h r k tl rin
mioklonusu( 端z, traflar) -2 yaa q d r rast g lir.Opsoklonus miokloniyas脹nda
neyroblastoman脹 istisna etm k 端巽端n qar脹n boluunun KT-si edilir.(Qar脹n boluunda MRT
yox,KT m sl h tdir) M端alic sind neyroblastoman脹n rezeksiyas脹, antivirus preparatlar
il dilir.
38. Mioklonusun t snifat脹
聴nfeksion-parainfeksion : yar脹mk skin sklerozlaan panensefalit, Kreytsfeld- Yakob a x st liyi,
virus ensefaliti, streptokok infeksiyas脹.
Endokrin pozulmalar: hipotireoz, hiponatriemiya, hipoqlikemiya.
Struktur pozulmalar脹: il r, neyroblastoma, damar mioklonusu k旦rp端-beyincik buca脹n脹n
z d l nm l rind
Toksik kimy vi z h rl rl laq li.
D rman q bulu il laq li : valproat, karbamazepin, fenitoin(eponutin), lamotrijin,
viqabatrin, amitriptilin, dezipramin, antihistaminl r, psixostimulyatorlar( amfetamin, kofein),
kortikosteroidl r,amiadoron, asiklovir v s.
Sistem x st likl r zaman脹: hemodializ, qara ciy r, b旦yr k, a ciy r, 端r k x st likl ri, insult
zaman脹.
Mioklonusun tipl ri: %-l
Simptomatik - 72
Epileptik - 17
Esensial - 11
39. Mioklonusun t snifat脹
Yuvenil mioklonik E. 旦z strukturunda 3 tip tutmalar脹 birl dirir:
- obliqat miokloniyalar脹
- m端mk端n olan generaliz olunmu tonik-klonik tutmalar脹
- absanslar脹
Yuvenil Mioklonus epilepsiyas脹nda valproatlar, qab脹q M.-da,valproat,pirasetam v
lamiktal, hipoksiya zaman脹 Ep. Serotonin h ssas olur.
Mioklonusun b端t端n hallaqr脹nda karbamazepin onu art脹r脹r.
Homeopatiya,p hrizin pozulmas脹,d rman preparatlar脹n脹n uzun m端dd tli q bulu
mioklonusu art脹ra bilir.
Miokloniyan脹 dig r hiperkinezl rd n f rql ndirm k laz脹 md脹r, 巽ox vaxt tremorla
qar脹d脹r脹l脹r. M. Miokimiyadan ay脹rmaq laz脹md脹r. Miokimiya b旦y端k z l qruplar脹n脹n yava,
dalavari dart脹nmalar脹d脹r, sas n 端zd olur. Mioklonusu tikd n ay脹rmaq 巽 tin olur.
M端alic sind randomiz olunmu t dqiqat levetirasetam,klonazepam,valproat turusu,
primidon, pirasetam, asetazolamid say脹l脹r.
40. Atipik absans
Absans huun q fil q脹sam端dd tli itm sidir.
Atipik absans tipli epileptik tutma olub EEQ
d qeyri-m端nt z m, yava, 2,5 Hz tezlikd n
aa脹 zirv dalal脹 aktivlikl v ya fon yaz脹s脹n脹n
sas aktivliyinin yava脹mas脹 raitind
paroksizmal y端ks k aktivlikl assosiasiya
olunan formad脹r. Kompleks yava dala
kompleksl rinin aa脹 s端r tli boalmalar脹 il
m端ayi t olunur.
41. Atipik absans
Atipik absans n az脹 11 epileptik sindromda m端ahid edil bilir:
Drave sindromu- yenidoulmular脹n a脹r mioklonik E.
Proqressivl n mioklonus E.
Lennoks-Qasto sindromu
Mioklonik astatik E.
Mioklonik absans E.
ESES sindromu -uaqlar脹n fokal epileptiform patterni.
Landau-Kleffner sindromu-yava yuxunun elektrik statusu il .
Kriptogen fokal E .sindromu .
Simptomatik fokal E. Sindromu.
聴diopatik fokal E. Sindromu.
Psevdo Lennoks sindromu.
50. Epilepsiya Sindromlar脹 v Paroksizmal Hallar
B- Sporadik Tutmalar
Febril Konvulzsiyalar
Duruma 聴likin N旦betler
聴zole N旦betler
C- Paroksizmal hallar
51. EP聴LEPT聴K TUTMALARIN TKRARLAnMA
XSUS聴YY TL R聴
S b bsiz
Zamans脹z
Yuxu
Oyanma
Yuxusuzluq
篠nfeksiya v
Q脹zd脹rma
Stress
Metabolik S b bl r
Alkohol
D rmanlar
Ayba脹 d旦vr端
Reflektor tutmalar (oxuma,
televizor, i脹q, musiqi, s s)
Fiziki g rginlik
52. PsiPsixxooggenen Qeyri-Qeyri-EpileptikEpileptik
H端cumlarH端cumlar
ks r n ks r n strestressd n sonrassd n sonra
ks r n ks r n ay脹ql脹q vaxt脹 v trafda ay脹ql脹q vaxt脹 v trafda insainsannlar vlar vark nark n
z端n端n z d almas脹 m端ahid edilmir z端n端n z d almas脹 m端ahid edilmir
DilDilin dil m si in dil m si ,, qeyri-iradi sidik ifraz脹n脹n olmamas脹qeyri-iradi sidik ifraz脹n脹n olmamas脹
StereotipStereotiplliiyinyin olmamas脹olmamas脹..
Tutmadan sonrak脹 v ziyy tin olmamas脹 Tutmadan sonrak脹 v ziyy tin olmamas脹 ,, xxstst d d
emosemosiiononaall halhal, alaya, alaya bilbilr.r.
AEDlAEDlrr rezistentlikrezistentlik..
Uzun m端dd tlilikUzun m端dd tlilik !!!!!!!!
64. T yini : Yetkin v 5 ya脹ndan b旦y端k uaqlarda 30
d qiq dn 巽ox s端rn;
tez-tez, t krarlanan tutmalar
聴ki ya da daha 巽ox sayda huun b rpa olmamas脹 fonunda
meydana 巽脹xan t krar tutmalar
T snifat脹 :
Generaliz olunmu Konvulsiv Status Epilepticus
Nonkonvulsiv Status Epilepticus
Dialeptik Status Epilepticus
Fokal Status Epilepticus
Status Epilepticus
Etiologiya:
X st l rin 1/3 hiss sind ilk tutmalar St.Ep. klind balay脹
K skin simptomatik s b bl r (MSS infeksiyas脹, Metabolik S b bl r ,
Subaraxnoidal qans脹zma, Tumor, Travma)
X st l rin 2 /3-d anamnezd epi-tutmalar ;
infeksiyalar, d rman q bulunun dayand脹r脹lmas脹 .
68. lam t Generaliz olunmu
q脹colma tutmas脹
Isterik tutma
traf m端hitl laq si ks r hallarda xarici
s b bl r olmadan,yuxuda
M端naqi li v ziyy tl r
zaman脹,ahidl r g旦z端
qar脹s脹nda
M端dd ti 1-3 d g 30 d g v daha 巽ox
Y脹x脹lma,travma Ist nil n raitd q fl t n
y脹x脹lma v tez-tez travma
olur
Y脹x脹lma ehtiyyatla ba verir
v ad t n travmas脹z olur
q脹colmalar Stereotip tonik v klonik M端xt lif
Ba脹n v g旦zl rin yana
巽evrilm si
olur olmur
Dilin dil nm si Tez-tez Nadir hallarda yanaq v
dodaqlar脹n dil nm si
hu Itmi olur,tutman脹
xat脹rlam脹r
Tam v hiss vi saxlanm脹
olur
Sif tin r ngi sianoz Solun v ya hiperemiyal脹
B b kl rin i脹a reaksiyas脹 olmur saxlan脹l脹r
71. Antiepileptik d rmanlar脹n t sir Mexanizmlri
(2)
Neyronlar脹n h ddind n art脹q boalmas脹n脹
tormozlayanlar
Etosuksimid
Karbamazepin
Lamotrigin
Fenitoin
Topiromat
75. Antiepileptik d rmanlar脹n t sir Mexanizmlri (1)
聴nhibitor mexanizmlri (sas olaraq QAYT-ergik
sistemi) g端cl ndir nl r .
Barbituratlar
Benzodiazepinler
Vigabatrin
Valproat
Oyand脹r脹c脹 mexanizmlri (sas olaraq glutamatergik
sistemi) tormozlayanlar.
Lamotrigin
Gabapentin
Topiromat
Valproat
76. Jeneralize Tonik-Klonik Statusun
M端alic si
1. Solunum yolu a巽
2. Damar yolu a巽--biyokimya, hematoloji, ve antiepileptik
ila巽 kan d端zeyi i巽in kan al
3. Parmak ucu kan脹 ile hipoglisemi,
100mg tiamine ve takiben 50 ml %50lik glikoz pue et
4. Diazepam 0.2mg/kg IV, 5mg/dk ge巽meyecek
(5 dk i巽inde n旦bet durmazsa ayn脹 dozu tekrarla).
5. Fenitoin 15-20 mg/kg IV, 50 mg/dk ge巽meyecek
(聴zotonik solusyon i巽inde)
6. Endotrakeal t端p tak脹larak ya Barbit端rat (5-15 mg/kg)
ile ya da midazolam (0.2 mg/kg bolus enjeksiyonu
takiben 0.05-0.5 mg/kg/saat inf端zyon) ile genel
anestezi uygulan脹r.
