Evaluation of 3d gesture interfaces

Feb 11, 20141 like1,232 views

Interacting with computational devices was limited to using a keyboard and mouse for many years. More recently, touchscreens have become popular, especially in mobile computing. However, accurate three dimensional gestures are still difficult to recognize. One approach is the use of depth cameras, which are currently receiving much attention again in academic and in commercial fields due to the release of inexpensive consumer electronics like Microsoft’s Kinect in 2010. This presentation reflects depth camera technologies, and how gestures can be used for new interface designs. The first part establishes a framework to evaluate the suitability of depth cameras for gesture recognition. The second part focuses on interactions in three dimensional virtual spaces. I developed a gesture interface for an existing application to navigate in virtual spaces and to construct LEGO models. A user study was performed to compare the gesture input with traditional mouse and keyboard input. Finally, I discussed the influences of the findings for future research in gesture interfaces.

Evaluation of Gesture Interfaces

24 June 2013

Alexander Schulze
as2271@cam.ac.uk

hand gesture

position tracking

depth image sequence

gesture recognition
hand 1: U move
hand 2: show 5

gesture description

Agenda
Range-imaging technologies
How can a depth map be computed?

Experiment: Gestures based interfaces
Which gestures are suitable to control a computer?

Conclusion for gesture interfaces
Do gestures in"uence future interactions?

Range-imaging for gesture interfaces

§  What are suitable devices for gesture interfaces
to be widely used?

Range-imaging for gesture interfaces

§  What are suitable devices for gesture interfaces
to be widely used?

a#ordable

Range-imaging for gesture interfaces

§  What are suitable devices for gesture interfaces
to be widely used?

a#ordable

compact

Range-imaging for gesture interfaces

§  What are suitable devices for gesture interfaces
to be widely used?

a#ordable

compact

mobile

Range-imaging for gesture interfaces

§  What are suitable devices for gesture interfaces
to be widely used?

a#ordable

compact

mobile

markerless

Range-imaging technologies
Structured light

Time of "ight

Amplitude modulation

Triangulation Geometric distance computation

Amplitude modulation Sending light waves

coherent light source

signal

amplitude modulated light

Comparison Suitable depth cameras

Range

Amplitude

modulation

Accuracy

Time of

Structured
light
"ight

Image resolution

<

Time of
"ight

Amplitude
modulation

Structured
light

<
<

Time of
"ight

Amplitude
modulation

Structured
light

Comparison Suitable depth cameras

§ 

§ 

§ 

§ 

Depth resolution and range
Update rate and latency
Robustness
Spatial resolution of depth image

Semiotic gestures Navigation

Rotation

Zooming

Pseudo-ergotic gestures Manipulation

Selecting

Dragging

Dropping

Flipping

Results Times for traditional and gesture input
time [min] 35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Mouse

Gesture

Results Further results from questionnaires

§  Gesture input is more fun, but less e$cient and
accurate

§  Correlation between participants who never played
physical LEGO and long construction times for gesture
interface
§  Semiotic gestures are easy to use
§  Most participants prefer a combination of gesture input
together with traditional input

Navigation Accuracy and precision

§  Imprecise actions can be controlled by gestures
§  Gestures might support creativity

Manipulation Accuracy and precision

§  Gesture input cannot replace precise mouse and
keyboard input

Conclusion Gesture Interpretation

§  Most current gesture interfaces are built for controlling
the computer; however, gestures are a subconscious
expression of human feelings

§  Experience of haptic feedback in ergotic physical
gestures is helpful for simulating the haptic feedback in
related pseudo-ergotic gestures

Photos
http://www.vriendinnen.be/user%les/images/maatschappij/
2011/april2011/interactiefwinkelraam.jpg

http://static.giantbomb.com/uploads/original/
8/86760/1804618-image_kinect_fun_lab_15890_2316_0007.jpg

https://www.leapmotion.com/media/leap_motion_media.zip

http://media.salon.com/2013/01/gadget-showintel.jpeg1-1280x960.jpg

Photos
http://www.misure.unisa.it/uploads/2814/scanner_struct.jpg

http://miac.unibas.ch/PMI/04-BasicsOfUltrasound-media/%gs/
time-of-"ight.png

https://www.leapmotion.com/media/leap_motion_media.zip

http://images.businessweek.com/ss/
06/11/1129_makingof_lego/image/intro.jpg

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Evaluation of 3d gesture interfaces

1. Evaluation of Gesture Interfaces 24 June 2013 Alexander Schulze as2271@cam.ac.uk

6. hand gesture

7. depth image sequence

8. hand gesture position tracking depth image sequence gesture recognition hand 1: U move hand 2: show 5 gesture description

9. Agenda Range-imaging technologies How can a depth map be computed? Experiment: Gestures based interfaces Which gestures are suitable to control a computer? Conclusion for gesture interfaces Do gestures in"uence future interactions?

10. Range-imaging technologies

11. Range-imaging for gesture interfaces §  What are suitable devices for gesture interfaces to be widely used?

12. Range-imaging for gesture interfaces §  What are suitable devices for gesture interfaces to be widely used? a#ordable

13. Range-imaging for gesture interfaces §  What are suitable devices for gesture interfaces to be widely used? a#ordable compact

14. Range-imaging for gesture interfaces §  What are suitable devices for gesture interfaces to be widely used? a#ordable compact mobile

15. Range-imaging for gesture interfaces §  What are suitable devices for gesture interfaces to be widely used? a#ordable compact mobile markerless

16. Range-imaging technologies Structured light Time of "ight Amplitude modulation

17. Range-imaging technologies Structured light Time of "ight Amplitude modulation

18. Range-imaging technologies Structured light Time of "ight Amplitude modulation

19. Triangulation Geometric distance computation

20. Structured Light Parallel light sources

21. Time of "ight Light distance di#erences

22. Amplitude modulation Sending light waves coherent light source signal amplitude modulated light

23. Comparison Suitable depth cameras Range Amplitude modulation Accuracy Time of Structured light "ight Image resolution < Time of "ight Amplitude modulation Structured light < < Time of "ight Amplitude modulation Structured light

24. Comparison Suitable depth cameras §  §  §  §  Depth resolution and range Update rate and latency Robustness Spatial resolution of depth image

25. 0.01mm

26. Experiment: Gesture based interfaces

27. Semiotic gestures Navigation Rotation Zooming

28. Pseudo-ergotic gestures Manipulation Selecting Dragging Dropping Flipping

29. Results Times for traditional and gesture input time [min] 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Mouse Gesture

30. Results Further results from questionnaires §  Gesture input is more fun, but less e$cient and accurate §  Correlation between participants who never played physical LEGO and long construction times for gesture interface §  Semiotic gestures are easy to use §  Most participants prefer a combination of gesture input together with traditional input

31. Conclusion for gesture interfaces

32. Navigation Accuracy and precision §  Imprecise actions can be controlled by gestures §  Gestures might support creativity

33. Manipulation Accuracy and precision §  Gesture input cannot replace precise mouse and keyboard input

34. Conclusion Gesture Interpretation §  Most current gesture interfaces are built for controlling the computer; however, gestures are a subconscious expression of human feelings §  Experience of haptic feedback in ergotic physical gestures is helpful for simulating the haptic feedback in related pseudo-ergotic gestures

35. Questions?

36. Photos http://www.vriendinnen.be/user%les/images/maatschappij/ 2011/april2011/interactiefwinkelraam.jpg http://static.giantbomb.com/uploads/original/ 8/86760/1804618-image_kinect_fun_lab_15890_2316_0007.jpg https://www.leapmotion.com/media/leap_motion_media.zip http://media.salon.com/2013/01/gadget-showintel.jpeg1-1280x960.jpg

37. Photos http://www.misure.unisa.it/uploads/2814/scanner_struct.jpg http://miac.unibas.ch/PMI/04-BasicsOfUltrasound-media/%gs/ time-of-"ight.png https://www.leapmotion.com/media/leap_motion_media.zip http://images.businessweek.com/ss/ 06/11/1129_makingof_lego/image/intro.jpg

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Evaluation of 3d gesture interfaces

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