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Experiencing the Psalms

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Reginald Joseph
Reginald Joseph

This document provides an overview of psalms and Hebrew poetry. It discusses that psalms were originally songs of praise and poetry in the Bible. Psalms express a wide range of human emotions and are prayers and praise to God. Hebrew poetry differs from Western poetry in that it does not rely on rhyme but uses thought parallelism between lines and imagery. There are various categories of psalms including hymns, laments, thanksgiving psalms, and more. Many psalms are attributed to authors like David, Asaph, the Sons of Korah, and others. The document also examines features of Hebrew poetry like parallelism, imagery, acrostics, and more. It provides examples and homework assignments analyzing specific psalms.

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EXPERIENCING THE PSALMS
What Is a Psalm? Greekpsalmos Hebrewnounmizm担r,"song,instrumental music verbzmar,"sing,singpraise,make music. heBookofPsalmswas--andis-- intendedforsinging thechurch'sfirstsongbook
Whatisfoundinpsalms? expresstheentirespectrumofhuman emotion--fear,despair,longing,love, hope,joy,andexultation MadeofprayersandpraisetoGod Poems Songs Petitions
PsalmsHebrewPoetry HebrewpoetrydiffersfrommostWesternpoetry Itdoesntrhyme twoprimaryelements Thought parallelism Imagery westernpoetryweusebothrhymeandrhythm Hebrewpoetrytherhythmmaybeintermsof unitsperline
1. Thought Parallelism Thought A and Thought B Synonymous Parallelism Sameidearepeatedtwice parallelisminJesus'teaching,too(Matt5:43- 45) Antithetic Parallelism Acontrasttothefirstidea ContrastorNegationbuttoenforcethefirst idea
2. Imagery Imageryhasawayoffixinganideainour mindswithclarity Therearetwokindsofimages 1.Simileisacomparisonwhichismade explicitbythepresenceoftheword"like" or"as."Ps42:1 2.Metaphorisacomparisonthatis implicit,thatis,acomparisonwithoutthe mentionof"like"or"as."Ps23:1
Categories of Psalms The Hymn, The Lament Thanksgiving Psalms Psalms of Confidence Psalms of Remembrance Wisdom Psalms Kingship Psalms
Authors of Psalms 150 psalms 116 include an extended title or an ascription that is part of verse 1 in the Hebrew text Added by editors very early The titles at the beginning of many of the psalms carry the ideas "of, for, from, at, in reference to, belonging to.
Homework Psalm 34, 55, 85, 95, 135, and 40. read and Identify the genre. Identify the genre of Psalms 40 and 54. State why you get that from their structure.
Authors David Named as author of nearly half the collection Asaph Called "Asaph the Seer" (2 Chronicles 29:30), and was from a Levitical family. He founded the temple choir as chief musician (1 Chronicles 15;17-19; chapter 16). =73 psalms Psalms 50, 73- 83 =12 psalms
Authors Sons of Korah A Levitical family, singers and musicians of the temple choir founded by Heman the Ezrahite (1 Chronicles 6:31-46). Ethan the Ezrahite = Juduthun From a Levitical family and founded one of the temple choirs (1 Chronicles 16:41; 25:1-6). Psalms 42-49, 84-85, 87- 88= 12 Psalms Psalm 89, 39, 62, 77= 4 Psalms
Authors Heman the Ezrahite Called "Heman the Musician" (1 Chronicles 6:33) and was founder of a temple choir. Solomon Third king of Israel Moses Leader during the Exodus No title at all Psalm 88= 1Psalm Psalms 72, 127= 2Psalms Psalm 90= 1Psalm 34 Psalms
Origin and title The Title The title may give info about the author, the historical occasion, the function A Psalm without an author is generally called an Orphan Psalm (ex. Psalm 33) Many psalms gave a historical title ex. Psalm 3 14 of them/ Ps. 3, 7, 18, 30, 34, 51, 52, 54, 56, 57, 59, 60, 63, 142.
Groupings The Psalms are divided into 5 groups Psalm 1- 41 Group 1 Psalm 42-72 Group 2 Psalm 73-89 Group 3 Psalm 90-106 Group 4 Psalm 107-150 Group 5 The Book of Psalms is called in Hebrew: Tehillim which means songs of praise
Technical terms Selah, 71 times to lift up (rll) or to bend (Aramaic) Higgaion (Haga) quieter instrument- whispering Nasah is the choirmaster Hallel Psalms
Deeper in Hebrew Poetry Parallelism two thoughts A Complete parallelism is called a line A line may contain two, three (rarely four or more poetic phrases) Each line is a cola Two lines a bicolon, three lines tricolon Monocola- is a poetic line with only one phrase
More. Elipsis in parallelism It is to bind the two phrases more closely together Inclusio- A line that opens a closes a poem Acrostic poems The Hebrew Alphabet Acrostic psalms: 9, 10, 25, 34, 37, 111, 112, 119, 145
Imagery Simile and metaphor Imagery is the fact that a picture is formed in ones mind by reading the psalm On many instances like a personification Images are not as precise as literal language/ but both are correct when you understand the context and the meaning of the image Ex. The ennemy is a lion The ennemy is ruthless and cruel
Incomprehensibility of God Why so many images in the Psalms? The answer lies in Gods own nature. Images, simile and metaphors help to communicate the fact that God is so great and powerful and mighty that He cant be exhaustively described. Images, may be accurate but less precise that literal language. Images preserve the mystery of Gods nature and being, while communicating to us about Him and His love for us
Homework due February 7 Psalm 47. Do you find any ellipsis? identify Psalm 2 Read identify the separate poetic lines. Identify the phrases within the lines and identify them as mono, bi or tri cola (colon) Identify the metaphors in Psalms 80 and 129 Read Psalm 124. The great image in this poem is water, Meditate on this image and show how water illuminates the depths of the authors suffering Read Psalms 30 and 35. List all the great images on God. Write how great, mighty and loving God is according to these psalms Due Tuesday either by email (or in person)/ or as you enter class Please cover page and indentify the questions as youre answering them. Thank you!
CLASS EXERCISE Psalm 46 Different lines (mono, bi, tri cola [colon]) Similes in Psalms 52, 83

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Experiencing the Psalms

  • 2. What Is a Psalm? Greekpsalmos Hebrewnounmizm担r,"song,instrumental music verbzmar,"sing,singpraise,make music. heBookofPsalmswas--andis-- intendedforsinging thechurch'sfirstsongbook
  • 4. PsalmsHebrewPoetry HebrewpoetrydiffersfrommostWesternpoetry Itdoesntrhyme twoprimaryelements Thought parallelism Imagery westernpoetryweusebothrhymeandrhythm Hebrewpoetrytherhythmmaybeintermsof unitsperline
  • 5. 1. Thought Parallelism Thought A and Thought B Synonymous Parallelism Sameidearepeatedtwice parallelisminJesus'teaching,too(Matt5:43- 45) Antithetic Parallelism Acontrasttothefirstidea ContrastorNegationbuttoenforcethefirst idea
  • 6. 2. Imagery Imageryhasawayoffixinganideainour mindswithclarity Therearetwokindsofimages 1.Simileisacomparisonwhichismade explicitbythepresenceoftheword"like" or"as."Ps42:1 2.Metaphorisacomparisonthatis implicit,thatis,acomparisonwithoutthe mentionof"like"or"as."Ps23:1
  • 7. Categories of Psalms The Hymn, The Lament Thanksgiving Psalms Psalms of Confidence Psalms of Remembrance Wisdom Psalms Kingship Psalms
  • 8. Authors of Psalms 150 psalms 116 include an extended title or an ascription that is part of verse 1 in the Hebrew text Added by editors very early The titles at the beginning of many of the psalms carry the ideas "of, for, from, at, in reference to, belonging to.
  • 9. Homework Psalm 34, 55, 85, 95, 135, and 40. read and Identify the genre. Identify the genre of Psalms 40 and 54. State why you get that from their structure.
  • 10. Authors David Named as author of nearly half the collection Asaph Called "Asaph the Seer" (2 Chronicles 29:30), and was from a Levitical family. He founded the temple choir as chief musician (1 Chronicles 15;17-19; chapter 16). =73 psalms Psalms 50, 73- 83 =12 psalms
  • 11. Authors Sons of Korah A Levitical family, singers and musicians of the temple choir founded by Heman the Ezrahite (1 Chronicles 6:31-46). Ethan the Ezrahite = Juduthun From a Levitical family and founded one of the temple choirs (1 Chronicles 16:41; 25:1-6). Psalms 42-49, 84-85, 87- 88= 12 Psalms Psalm 89, 39, 62, 77= 4 Psalms
  • 12. Authors Heman the Ezrahite Called "Heman the Musician" (1 Chronicles 6:33) and was founder of a temple choir. Solomon Third king of Israel Moses Leader during the Exodus No title at all Psalm 88= 1Psalm Psalms 72, 127= 2Psalms Psalm 90= 1Psalm 34 Psalms
  • 13. Origin and title The Title The title may give info about the author, the historical occasion, the function A Psalm without an author is generally called an Orphan Psalm (ex. Psalm 33) Many psalms gave a historical title ex. Psalm 3 14 of them/ Ps. 3, 7, 18, 30, 34, 51, 52, 54, 56, 57, 59, 60, 63, 142.
  • 14. Groupings The Psalms are divided into 5 groups Psalm 1- 41 Group 1 Psalm 42-72 Group 2 Psalm 73-89 Group 3 Psalm 90-106 Group 4 Psalm 107-150 Group 5 The Book of Psalms is called in Hebrew: Tehillim which means songs of praise
  • 15. Technical terms Selah, 71 times to lift up (rll) or to bend (Aramaic) Higgaion (Haga) quieter instrument- whispering Nasah is the choirmaster Hallel Psalms
  • 16. Deeper in Hebrew Poetry Parallelism two thoughts A Complete parallelism is called a line A line may contain two, three (rarely four or more poetic phrases) Each line is a cola Two lines a bicolon, three lines tricolon Monocola- is a poetic line with only one phrase
  • 17. More. Elipsis in parallelism It is to bind the two phrases more closely together Inclusio- A line that opens a closes a poem Acrostic poems The Hebrew Alphabet Acrostic psalms: 9, 10, 25, 34, 37, 111, 112, 119, 145
  • 18. Imagery Simile and metaphor Imagery is the fact that a picture is formed in ones mind by reading the psalm On many instances like a personification Images are not as precise as literal language/ but both are correct when you understand the context and the meaning of the image Ex. The ennemy is a lion The ennemy is ruthless and cruel
  • 19. Incomprehensibility of God Why so many images in the Psalms? The answer lies in Gods own nature. Images, simile and metaphors help to communicate the fact that God is so great and powerful and mighty that He cant be exhaustively described. Images, may be accurate but less precise that literal language. Images preserve the mystery of Gods nature and being, while communicating to us about Him and His love for us
  • 20. Homework due February 7 Psalm 47. Do you find any ellipsis? identify Psalm 2 Read identify the separate poetic lines. Identify the phrases within the lines and identify them as mono, bi or tri cola (colon) Identify the metaphors in Psalms 80 and 129 Read Psalm 124. The great image in this poem is water, Meditate on this image and show how water illuminates the depths of the authors suffering Read Psalms 30 and 35. List all the great images on God. Write how great, mighty and loving God is according to these psalms Due Tuesday either by email (or in person)/ or as you enter class Please cover page and indentify the questions as youre answering them. Thank you!
  • 21. CLASS EXERCISE Psalm 46 Different lines (mono, bi, tri cola [colon]) Similes in Psalms 52, 83