The document discusses common causes of back pain such as strains, sprains, and herniated disks. It identifies several postural alignment problems like kyphosis, lordosis, and scoliosis that can contribute to back pain. It also discusses how prolonged sitting can distort the spine over time by affecting muscle imbalances. Specific muscle imbalances that can cause upper back, lower back, or full back pain are described. The document recommends addressing back pain by stretching tight muscles, strengthening weak muscles, and practicing proper postural alignment exercises.