Formative assessment is a range of informal assessment methods used by teachers during instruction to provide feedback and modify their teaching to improve student learning. It involves qualitative feedback rather than scores and focuses on content mastery and performance. Examples of formative assessment include observations, questioning, discussions, graphic organizers, kinesthetic assessments, and constructive quizzes to identify gaps in understanding and inform instruction. Faculty use formative evaluation to identify differences between what students know and expected learning objectives, then provide feedback to help close these gaps before high-stakes assessments.
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Formative assessment
1. Formative assessment, is a range of formal and informal assessment procedures conducted by
teachers during the learning process in order to modify teaching and learning activities to
improve student attainment. It typically involves qualitative feedback (rather than scores) for
both student and teacher that focuses on the details of content and performance.
Here are a few examples that may be used in the classroomduring the formative assessment
process to collect evidence of student learning:
Observations - sometimes called kid watching, can help teachers determine what students do
and do not know.
Questioning - Asking better questions affords students an opportunity for deeper thinking and
provides teachers with significant insight into the degree and depth of student understanding.
Discussion - Classroomdiscussions can tell the teacher much about student learning and
understanding of basic concepts.
Graphic Organizers - Graphic organizers are visual models that can assist students in organizing
information and communicating clearly and effectively. Students can use graphic organizers to
structure their writing, brainstorm ideas, assist in decision making, clarify story structure, help
with problem solving, and plan research. Ex. Ven diagram.
Kinesthetic Assessments - Kinesthetic assessments are a good way to add movement in the
classroom and allow teachers to determine the depth of student learning to inform their
instructional decisions.
Constructive Quizzes - By using quizzes to furnish students with immediate feedback, the
teacher can quickly determine the status of each student in relation to the learning targets, and
students can learn more during the discussions that immediately follow the quizzes, instead of
having to wait until the next day to see the results of the assessment in the form of a
meaningless grade on the top of a paper.
2. FORMATIVE EVALUATION
Faculty use formative evaluation to identify gaps between what students understand and/or
skills they possess relative to expected learning objectives for a course, unit of content, and/or
activity and then offer feedback to help students close these gaps, before they confront high-
stakes tests and assignments. This includes any form of classroominteraction that generates
information on student learning, which is then used by faculty and students to fine-tune their
teaching and learning strategies, respectively, during the teaching-learning process.