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geothermal.pptx
- 1. Geothermal Energy ---a renewable energy source for electricity generation ---
- 2. Outline s Conclusion Introducti on Geothermal Reservoirs Extraction & Uses of Geothermal Energy Electricity Generation Cost Geothermal Energy in India Pros and Cons
- 3. Introduction The deeper you go, the hotter it is !!! What is Geothermal Energy ? It’s simply the heat energy of the earth, generated by various natural processes, such as: 1. heat from when the planet formed and accreted, which has not yet been lost 2.decay of radioactive elements 3.friction
- 4. Geothermal Reservoirs Reservoirs can be suspected in the areas where we find Boiling mud pot Volcano Hot springs : - Geyse r
- 5. Geothermal Reservoirs(cont.) The rising hot water & steam is trapped in permeable & porous rocks to form a geothermal reservoir. Reservoirs can be discovered by testing the soil analyzing
- 6. Extraction & uses The heat energy can be brought to earth surface by following ways.. directly from hot springs/ geysers geothermal heat pump Uses are broadly classified as:-
- 7. Direct use of Geothermal Energy Hot springs, used as spas. Heating water at fish farms. Provide heat for buildings. Raising plants in greenhouses, drying crops. Provides heat to industrial processes.
- 8. Indirect use of Geothermal Energy Electricity Generation:
- 9. Electricity Generation(cont.) There are 3 types of power plants:- Dry steam power plant Flash steam power plant Binary cycle power plant
- 11. Dry Steam power plant(cont.) The oldest type of Geothermal power plant used. Geothermal reservoir containing pure steam is required. Pure dry steam drives turbine. Very rare type of geothermal power plant. Operating at California, Italy, and Japan.
- 13. Flash steam power plant(cont.) Commonly used geothermal power plant. Geothermal reservoirs containing both hot water & steam is required. Pressure changing system is required. Operating at Hawaii, Nevada, Utah & some other places
- 15. Binary cycle power plant(cont.) Does not use steam directly to spin turbines. Only the heat of the underground water is used. Vapourizedhydrocarbons are used to spin the turbine. Hydrocarbons having lower boiling point such as isopentane, isobutaneand propane can be used. No harmful gas is emitted to the atmosphere because the underground water is never disclosed to outside. This’sthe worldwide accepted power plant.
- 17. Cost Direct use of geothermal energy is absolutely cheaper than other energy sources. Cost of electricity generation depends upon certain factors: Temperature and depth of resource Type of resource (steam, liquid, mix) Available volume of resource Size and technology of plant
- 18. Cost (cont.) The initial investment is high. But after certain time period, the cost of electricity becomes comparable to other resources of energy. US $0.05 to $0.08 (Rs. 2.772 to Rs. 4.4352) per kWh Once the capital cost is recovered, the price can decrease to below US $0.05 (Rs 2.2772) per kWh
- 19. Geothermal Energy in India
- 20. Geothermal Energy in India(cont) Geothermal provinces are estimated to produce 10,600 MW of power (experts are confident only to the extent of 100 MW) Geothermal provinces in India: the Himalayas, Sohana, West coast, Cambay, Son-Narmada-Tapi, Godavari, and Mahanadi ReykjavÃk Geothermal will assist Thermaxto set up a pilot project in PugaValley, Ladakh(Jammu & Kashmir)
- 21. Advantage s Available all the year around. Does not involve any combustion of fuel. Independent of weather Clean Resource –Very little emissions or overall environmental impact. Economically Sound Alternative –The fuel is free, rate / KWh likely to be competitive Overall, geothermal energy is a sustainable resourc e.
- 22. Disadvantage s Not widespread source of energy High installation costs Can run out of steam May release harmful gases Transportation Earthquakes
- 23. Conclusio nGeothermal heating system can replace fossil fuel heating system in a particular area. Annual costs for common heating purposes can be reduced by more than 60%. Continued energy shortages have created added interest in geothermal energy for power generation. Potential exists to provide all energy requirements in the