Grammar book
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This document contains an outline of grammar topics in Spanish including: 1. Regular present tense verb conjugations for -ar, -er, and -ir verbs. 2. Stem-changing verbs and how their stems change in certain forms. 3. Irregular verbs like tener, hacer, poner, and saber. 4. Uses of reflexive verbs and the impersonal 'se'. 5. Verb conjugations endings that change like -uir, -cer, and -ger verbs. 6. Uses of the imperfect tense to refer to past repeated actions.
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Grammar book
- 2. Table of Contents3. Presente -ar er ir4. Stem Changers 5. Irregulars go zco yo6. Saber vsconocer7. Reflexives8. se impersonal9. Dipthongs10. Verbs likeUir/guir12. Verbs likeCer/cir13 Verbs likeGer/gir14. Hace +__+ que + present/presentente15.Imperfecto
- 3. Ar, Er, IrLos verbosregulares en el presenteIr-o imoses eneAr-o amosas anaEr-o emosEs eneCaminar-Camino CaminamosCaminasCaminanCaminaVivir-Vivo VivimosVivesVivenViveComer-Como ComemosComes ComenCome
- 4. Stem Changers aka Boot verbsThe verbs change in the rootThey do not change in the nosotros form or the vosotrosE ieO ueU uePensar-PensoPiensoYonosotrosT炭vosotrosEl/ella/utdEllos/Ellas/Utds
- 5. Irregulars -go -zco -yoThe go zco verbs are only in the irregulars in the yo formgo verbs- caer, decir, oir, puner, hacer, tener, traer, venirzco verbs (cer/cir)- conocer, producir, conduciry los dem叩s ser, ir, estar, ver, saber, darYo TengoYo HagoYo - VengoYo - ConozcoYo - ProduzcoYo - ConduzcoSer- Ir-Soy SomosVoyVamosEres Son Vas VanEs Va
- 6. Saber Vs ConocerBoth saber y conocer translate to the English verb to knowBoth yo forms are irregularConocer- ConozcoconocemosConocesConocenConoceSaber S辿sabemosSabessabenSabe
- 7. ReflexivesBrenda se lava- se is reflexiveReflexives also can be added on the end of an infinitive. Such as- Puedovermeen el espejo
- 8. se impersonalpronoun油se is油in front of verbs to make general statements.多c坦mo se dice man en espa単ol?In English it translates to either you say or one says.
- 9. Dipthongs w/accentsDipthongs are the strong or weak vowels in a word next to each other.Strong vowel sounds are a,e,o.Weak vowel sounds are i,u,y.puerto, ciudad,油siete,油hay.*two strong vowels cannot be in the same syllable
- 11. Verbs likeCer/cirVerbs that end in a vowel + cer or cir add z before the c in the yo form only. Verbs that end in a consonant + cer or cir change the c to z in the yo form only. conducir = conduzcoejercer = ejerzo
- 12. Verbs likeGer/girVerbs that end in ger and gir change the g to j in the yo form only.coger = cojofingir = finjo
- 13. Hace +__+ que + Present/PresententeThe yo form is the only irregularHago, haces, hace, hacemos, hacen
- 14. ImperfectoThe imperfect tense is used to refer to actions in the past that occurred repeatedly. Yo油caminaba油todo los d鱈as. Er/Ir-鱈a鱈as鱈a鱈amos鱈anAr-abaabasaba叩bamosabanSer-eraerasera辿ramoseranVer-ve鱈ave鱈asve鱈ave鱈amosve鱈anIr-ibaibasiba鱈bamosiban