This document appears to be notes from a 2009 young leaders award ceremony and conference in Korea. It includes a list of 21 award recipients from 14 different countries, as well as notes about speakers and events from 2007 to 2010 related to youth leadership, equality, freedom, and social change. Key topics discussed include the 2008 Indigo Youth Book Fair, workshops in India and Germany in 2009 on themes of freedom and diversity, and featured speakers such as Howard Zinn, Noam Chomsky, and Vandana Shiva.
This document is a doctoral dissertation that investigates methods for reducing indigo and analyzing the electrochemical properties of indigo. The dissertation examines the indirect electrochemical reduction of indigo using sodium dithionite and glucose as reducing agents. It also explores using anthraquinone as a catalyst to accelerate the glucose-assisted reduction of indigo. Additionally, the document studies the extraction of indigo from the plant Dyer's Woad and analyzes the purity of plant-derived indigo samples using spectroscopic and sonovoltammetric methods. The goal of the research was to gain insight into the reduction mechanisms of indigo and evaluate alternative electrochemical analysis techniques.
Innovations in dyeing of cotton with indigoAdane Nega
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The document discusses innovations in dyeing cotton with indigo. It investigates using organic alkalis instead of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in the indigo dyeing process. The study finds that organic alkalis produce higher color yields than NaOH and keep the indigo dye solution stable for longer. Organic alkalis are also more environmentally friendly as they reduce effluent load and dye consumption compared to NaOH. The document also explores using iron(II) salt complexes as alternative, eco-friendly reducing agents to sodium hydrosulphite in the indigo dyeing process.
The document discusses effluents generated from various processes in the textile industry, including dyeing, printing, finishing, and desizing. Large volumes of wastewater are produced that contain dyes, chemicals, and other pollutants. Proper treatment is required before the wastewater is released. The document also describes various methods that can be used to reduce effluents, such as recovering chemicals through membrane technologies or changing certain chemicals used in processes like bleaching and printing.
This document discusses the dyeing of denim with indigo. It provides background on natural and synthetic indigo, and describes the major indigo dyeing methods - slasher dyeing, rope dyeing, and loop dyeing. Slasher dyeing involves passing warp yarn sheets through indigo dye baths, while rope dyeing bundles multiple yarn ends into ropes for dyeing. Loop dyeing improves on earlier methods by using fewer dye baths. The document also discusses traditional and newer reducing agents used to convert indigo to its water-soluble leuco form for dyeing, such as sodium hydrosulphite and eco-friendly alternatives like hydroxyacetone.
This document discusses indigo dyeing. It begins with an introduction to indigo dye, its chemical properties, and its primary use for dyeing cotton yarn for denim cloth. It then covers various indigo dyeing methods including rope dyeing, slasher dyeing, and loop dyeing. Key parameters that affect indigo dyeing such as concentration, pH, temperature, and hydrosulphite concentration are also discussed. The document concludes with recent developments in indigo dyeing technology that aim to make the process more sustainable.