KVL & KCL
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Kirchhoff's Voltage Law states that the algebraic sum of all voltages around any closed path in an electrical circuit is equal to zero. It describes that the total voltage supplied by the batteries or sources in a circuit must be equal to the total voltage lost in the components. The law is useful for analyzing the voltages in various parts of a circuit and can be represented by an equation where the sum of all voltage rises equals the sum of all voltage drops.
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Kirchhoff's laws With Examples
Kirchhoff's laws With ExamplesMuhammad Waqas
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Kirchhoff's Laws
Kirchhoff's laws quantify how current flows through a circuit and how voltage varies around a loop in a circuit
There are two laws
Kirchhoffs Current Law (KCL) or First Law
Kirchhoffs Voltage Law (KVL) or Second Law
Kirchhoffs Current Law (KCL) or First Law
The total current entering a junction or a node is equal to the charge leaving the node as no charge is lost
Kirchhoffs Voltage Law (KVL) or Second Law
According to Kirchhoffs Voltage Law,
The voltage around ya loop equals to the sum of every voltage drop in the same loop for any closed network and also equals to zero.
Put differently, the algebraic sum of every voltage in the loop has to be equal to zero and this property of Kirchhoffs law is called as conservation of energ.
KVL & KCL 
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Kirchhoff's laws describe the conservation of electric current (Kirchhoff's Current Law or KCL) and voltage (Kirchhoff's Voltage Law or KVL) in electrical circuits. KCL states that the algebraic sum of currents in a network of converging conductors is zero. KVL states that the algebraic sum of the voltages around any closed network is zero. The document provides examples of using KCL and KVL to analyze circuits and find unknown currents and voltages. It also describes applications of the laws such as combining current sources in parallel using KCL and finding the total voltage around a loop using KVL.Kirchoff's Law
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The document discusses Kirchhoff's laws, which are two fundamental laws of circuit analysis:
1) Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL) states that the sum of the voltages around any closed loop is equal to zero.
2) Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) states that the algebraic sum of the currents entering and leaving any node in a circuit is equal to zero.
The document provides examples of applying KVL and KCL to analyze circuits and solve for unknown voltages and currents. It also includes a quiz on Kirchhoff's laws.kirchoff law
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This document discusses Kirchoff's laws, which are two circuit analysis laws developed by Gustav Kirchoff in 1845. The first law, known as Kirchoff's voltage law (KVL), states that the sum of the voltages around any closed loop in a circuit is equal to zero. The second law, known as Kirchoff's current law (KCL), states that the algebraic sum of the currents at any node or junction in a circuit is equal to zero. The document provides examples of applying KVL and KCL, including using mesh analysis, and contains three review questions about Kirchoff's laws and circuit analysis techniques.Kvl and KCl(1).pptx
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1. The document presents information on Kirchhoff's voltage law and Kirchhoff's current law. It discusses how these laws can be used to analyze electrical circuits.
2. Kirchhoff's voltage law states that the sum of the voltages around any closed loop in a circuit must be equal to zero. An example circuit is presented to illustrate applying this law.
3. Kirchhoff's current law states that the algebraic sum of currents entering and exiting a node in a circuit must be equal to zero. Applications and advantages of both laws are discussed.Kirchhoff's Current Law
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Dev Gupta presents on Kirchoff's Current Law (KCL). KCL states that the total current entering any node in an electrical circuit must equal the total current leaving that node. It is based on the principle of conservation of charge, which states that electrical charge can neither be created nor destroyed. The presentation provides examples of using KCL to solve for unknown currents in various circuit problems. It concludes by offering to answer any questions and providing a link to download the presentation slides.KCL and KVL
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This document discusses Kirchhoff's laws for circuits and networks. It provides examples of applying Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) to solve for unknown currents and voltages in circuits. KCL states that the algebraic sum of currents at any node is zero. KVL states that the algebraic sum of the voltages around any closed loop is zero. The document also defines related terms like nodes, branches, and loops and shows voltage rises and drops.Kirchoff's law
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Kirchhoff's laws provide a means to obtain equations to solve electrical circuits. There are two laws:
1) Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) states that the total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving. It is a statement of charge conservation.
2) Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) states that the sum of the voltages around any closed loop is equal to zero. It is a statement of energy conservation.
These laws allow the currents and voltages in a circuit to be determined by writing KCL and KVL equations and solving them simultaneously.Kirchhoff law
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Kirchhoff's laws describe how current and voltage behave in electrical circuits. The two laws are:
1. Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) states that the total current entering a node in a circuit equals the total current leaving it, expressing the conservation of electric charge.
2. Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) states that the sum of the voltages in any closed loop in a circuit is equal to zero, expressing the conservation of energy.
The laws were first described by German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff in 1845 and are foundational to circuit theory. They allow analysis of currents and voltages in circuits.7. kirchhoff s_rules
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Kirchhoff's rules state that at any junction, the algebraic sum of the currents entering and leaving must be zero (junction rule), and that for any closed loop, the algebraic sum of the potential differences around the loop must be zero (loop rule). The document provides examples of applying these rules to solve for unknown currents and voltages in circuits containing batteries, resistors, and junctions.KIRCHHOFFS CURRENT LAW
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This document discusses Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL), which states that the algebraic sum of currents in any node of an electrical circuit is equal to zero. It provides examples of nodes, closed loops, and how to apply KCL to find unknown currents. Kirchhoff's Current Law results from the conservation of electric charge and means the total current entering a node equals the total current leaving that node.Presentation on KCL and KVL
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This presentation introduces Kirchhoff's laws of circuit analysis. It begins with an outline that discusses Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) and voltage law (KVL), as well as the purpose, theory, examples, and summary. The theory section explains that KCL deals with the conservation of current at circuit junctions while KVL concerns the conservation of energy in closed circuit loops. Examples are then given to demonstrate how KCL can be used to find unknown currents and KVL can be used to determine potential drops or unknown resistances. In summary, Kirchhoff's laws allow analysis of current, voltage, and resistance in electrical circuits.Kirchhoff's Laws
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Kirchhoff's laws describe two principles of electrical circuits: 1) Kirchhoff's current law states that the total current entering any node in a circuit must equal the total current leaving it, based on conservation of electric charge. 2) Kirchhoff's voltage law states that the sum of the voltages around any closed loop in a circuit is equal to zero, based on the conservation of energy. The document then provides further details on each law.Gauss's Law and its applications
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1) Inside a hollow metallic sphere with charge distributed over its surface. Using Gauss's law, the electric field inside the sphere is found to be zero, showing how electric force can be shielded.
2) Near an infinite sheet with uniform surface charge density. A Gaussian cylinder is used to calculate the flux, yielding an electric field intensity of /(2竜0) perpendicular to the sheet. Gauss's law allows calculating electric fields for complex charge distributions.ELECTRIC DIPOLE
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This document discusses the series and parallel connections of capacitors. It provides the following key points:
- Capacitors in series have the same charge but their voltages add up. The equivalent capacitance is calculated by taking the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual capacitances.
- Capacitors in parallel have the same voltage but their charges add up. The equivalent capacitance is calculated by summing the individual capacitances.
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2) The electric potential difference between two points is defined as the work required to move a charge between those points. Equipotential surfaces have the same electric potential at every point.
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The document discusses Kirchhoff's laws, which are two fundamental laws of circuit analysis:
1) Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL) states that the sum of the voltages around any closed loop is equal to zero.
2) Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) states that the algebraic sum of the currents entering and leaving any node in a circuit is equal to zero.
The document provides examples of applying KVL and KCL to analyze circuits and solve for unknown voltages and currents. It also includes a quiz on Kirchhoff's laws.superposition theorem
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1. Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) states that the total current entering a node in a circuit equals the total current leaving it, expressing the conservation of electric charge.
2. Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) states that the sum of the voltages in any closed loop in a circuit is equal to zero, expressing the conservation of energy.
The laws were first described by German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff in 1845 and are foundational to circuit theory. They allow analysis of currents and voltages in circuits.7. kirchhoff s_rules
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Kirchhoff's rules state that at any junction, the algebraic sum of the currents entering and leaving must be zero (junction rule), and that for any closed loop, the algebraic sum of the potential differences around the loop must be zero (loop rule). The document provides examples of applying these rules to solve for unknown currents and voltages in circuits containing batteries, resistors, and junctions.KIRCHHOFFS CURRENT LAW
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1) Inside a hollow metallic sphere with charge distributed over its surface. Using Gauss's law, the electric field inside the sphere is found to be zero, showing how electric force can be shielded.
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油
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- Capacitors in series have the same charge but their voltages add up. The equivalent capacitance is calculated by taking the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual capacitances.
- Capacitors in parallel have the same voltage but their charges add up. The equivalent capacitance is calculated by summing the individual capacitances.
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2) The electric potential difference between two points is defined as the work required to move a charge between those points. Equipotential surfaces have the same electric potential at every point.
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2) Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) states that the algebraic sum of the currents entering and leaving any node in a circuit is equal to zero.
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油
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2) Lines of equipotential connect all points of equal electric potential. Charged particles placed at these points will not experience a force or change in potential energy.
3) The electric potential due to a point charge can be calculated using the work done to move a test charge from infinity to that point. Potential increases as distance from the charge decreases.
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油
The document summarizes key concepts related to electric current, current density, and magnetostatics. It defines:
- Electric current as the rate of charge transfer through a surface. The SI unit is the ampere.
- Conventional current direction versus actual electron flow direction in conductors.
- Current density as the current per unit area, with units of amperes per square meter. It is proportional to and in the same direction as the electric field in a conductor based on Ohm's law.
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For further information about the event please click here.Blind Spots in AI and Formulation Science Knowledge Pyramid (Updated Perspect...
Blind Spots in AI and Formulation Science Knowledge Pyramid (Updated Perspect...Ajaz Hussain
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This presentation delves into the systemic blind spots within pharmaceutical science and regulatory systems, emphasizing the significance of "inactive ingredients" and their influence on therapeutic equivalence. These blind spots, indicative of normalized systemic failures, go beyond mere chance occurrences and are ingrained deeply enough to compromise decision-making processes and erode trust.
Historical instances like the 1938 FD&C Act and the Generic Drug Scandals underscore how crisis-triggered reforms often fail to address the fundamental issues, perpetuating inefficiencies and hazards.
The narrative advocates a shift from reactive crisis management to proactive, adaptable systems prioritizing continuous enhancement. Key hurdles involve challenging outdated assumptions regarding bioavailability, inadequately funded research ventures, and the impact of vague language in regulatory frameworks.
The rise of large language models (LLMs) presents promising solutions, albeit with accompanying risks necessitating thorough validation and seamless integration.
Tackling these blind spots demands a holistic approach, embracing adaptive learning and a steadfast commitment to self-improvement. By nurturing curiosity, refining regulatory terminology, and judiciously harnessing new technologies, the pharmaceutical sector can progress towards better public health service delivery and ensure the safety, efficacy, and real-world impact of drug products.Computer Application in Business (commerce)
Computer Application in Business (commerce)Sudar Sudar
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The main objectives
1. To introduce the concept of computer and its various parts. 2. To explain the concept of data base management system and Management information system.
3. To provide insight about networking and basics of internet
Recall various terms of computer and its part
Understand the meaning of software, operating system, programming language and its features
Comparing Data Vs Information and its management system Understanding about various concepts of management information system
Explain about networking and elements based on internet
1. Recall the various concepts relating to computer and its various parts
2 Understand the meaning of softwares, operating system etc
3 Understanding the meaning and utility of database management system
4 Evaluate the various aspects of management information system
5 Generating more ideas regarding the use of internet for business purpose TLE 7 - 3rd Topic - Hand Tools, Power Tools, Instruments, and Equipment Used ...
TLE 7 - 3rd Topic - Hand Tools, Power Tools, Instruments, and Equipment Used ...RizaBedayo
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Hand Tools, Power Tools, and Equipment in Industrial ArtsAPM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...
APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...Association for Project Management
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APM People Interest Network Conference 2025
-Autonomy, Teams and Tension: Projects under stress
-Tim Lyons
-The neurological levels of
team-working: Harmony and tensions
With a background in projects spanning more than 40 years, Tim Lyons specialised in the delivery of large, complex, multi-disciplinary programmes for clients including Crossrail, Network Rail, ExxonMobil, Siemens and in patent development. His first career was in broadcasting, where he designed and built commercial radio station studios in Manchester, Cardiff and Bristol, also working as a presenter and programme producer. Tim now writes and presents extensively on matters relating to the human and neurological aspects of projects, including communication, ethics and coaching. He holds a Masters degree in NLP, is an NLP Master Practitioner and International Coach. He is the Deputy Lead for APMs People Interest Network.
Session | The Neurological Levels of Team-working: Harmony and Tensions
Understanding how teams really work at conscious and unconscious levels is critical to a harmonious workplace. This session uncovers what those levels are, how to use them to detect and avoid tensions and how to smooth the management of change by checking you have considered all of them.
Research & Research Methods: Basic Concepts and Types.pptx
Research & Research Methods: Basic Concepts and Types.pptxDr. Sarita Anand
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This ppt has been made for the students pursuing PG in social science and humanities like M.Ed., M.A. (Education), Ph.D. Scholars. It will be also beneficial for the teachers and other faculty members interested in research and teaching research concepts.Digital Tools with AI for e-Content Development.pptx
Digital Tools with AI for e-Content Development.pptxDr. Sarita Anand
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This ppt is useful for not only for B.Ed., M.Ed., M.A. (Education) or any other PG level students or Ph.D. scholars but also for the school, college and university teachers who are interested to prepare an e-content with AI for their students and others.Computer Network Unit IV - Lecture Notes - Network Layer
Computer Network Unit IV - Lecture Notes - Network LayerMurugan146644
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Title:
Lecture Notes - Unit IV - The Network Layer
Description:
Welcome to the comprehensive guide on Computer Network concepts, tailored for final year B.Sc. Computer Science students affiliated with Alagappa University. This document covers fundamental principles and advanced topics in Computer Network. PDF content is prepared from the text book Computer Network by Andrew S. Tenanbaum
Key Topics Covered:
Main Topic : The Network Layer
Sub-Topic : Network Layer Design Issues (Store and forward packet switching , service provided to the transport layer, implementation of connection less service, implementation of connection oriented service, Comparision of virtual circuit and datagram subnet), Routing algorithms (Shortest path routing, Flooding , Distance Vector routing algorithm, Link state routing algorithm , hierarchical routing algorithm, broadcast routing, multicast routing algorithm)
Other Link :
1.Introduction to computer network - /slideshow/lecture-notes-introduction-to-computer-network/274183454
2. Physical Layer - /slideshow/lecture-notes-unit-ii-the-physical-layer/274747125
3. Data Link Layer Part 1 : /slideshow/lecture-notes-unit-iii-the-datalink-layer/275288798
Target Audience:
Final year B.Sc. Computer Science students at Alagappa University seeking a solid foundation in Computer Network principles for academic.
About the Author:
Dr. S. Murugan is Associate Professor at Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi. With 23 years of teaching experience in the field of Computer Science, Dr. S. Murugan has a passion for simplifying complex concepts in Computer Network
Disclaimer:
This document is intended for educational purposes only. The content presented here reflects the authors understanding in the field of Computer Network
Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Finals - El Dorado 2025
Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Finals - El Dorado 2025Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
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Finals of Rass MELAI : a Music, Entertainment, Literature, Arts and Internet Culture Quiz organized by Conquiztadors, the Quiz society of Sri Venkateswara College under their annual quizzing fest El Dorado 2025. 
N.C. DPI's 2023 Language Diversity Briefing
N.C. DPI's 2023 Language Diversity BriefingMebane Rash
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The number of languages spoken in NC public schools.The Battle of Belgrade Road: A WW1 Street Renaming Saga by Amir Dotan
The Battle of Belgrade Road: A WW1 Street Renaming Saga by Amir DotanHistory of Stoke Newington
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Presented at the 24th Stoke Newington History Talks event on 27th Feb 2025
https://stokenewingtonhistory.com/stoke-newington-history-talks/FESTIVAL: SINULOG & THINGYAN-LESSON 4.pptx
FESTIVAL: SINULOG & THINGYAN-LESSON 4.pptxDanmarieMuli1
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Sinulog Festival of Cebu City, and Thingyan Festival of Myanmar.Mate, a short story by Kate Grenvile.pptx
Mate, a short story by Kate Grenvile.pptxLiny Jenifer
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A powerpoint presentation on the short story Mate by Kate Greenville. This presentation provides information on Kate Greenville, a character list, plot summary and critical analysis of the short story.APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...
APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...Association for Project Management
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Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Finals - El Dorado 2025
Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Finals - El Dorado 2025Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
油
KVL & KCL
- 1. Manash Kumar Mondal KCL & KVL
- 2. Well it happens to everyone. Lets use a different approach. Sleeping !!!!! 爨伍爨爨鉦Π 爨爨迦Ω爨 ??!!??
- 7. Kirchoffs Voltage Law ------------------------ Suppose you go for a walk And at some point you meet a number of friends. Now at end total meet = number of friends at path
- 8. When it travels along the circuit its magnitude keeps in changing according to the product of current and resistance or EMF connected in the circuit.
- 9. Kirchhoffs Voltage Law (KVL) The algebraic sum of all voltage around any closed path in a circuit is zero (positive for a voltage rise & negative for a voltage drop).
- 10. +v1 + v2-v3 = 0 -v1 - v2+v3 = 0 V1+v2=v3 Vdrop = Vrise # V=0 KVL