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LANGUAGE.ppt dialect vs language reporting
- 1. LANGUAGE , CULTURE & SOCIETY prepared by: AIRA H. NESPEROS
- 2. OBJECTIVES: 1. Students will be able to explain the status of geographical variations in a language -- dialects , as well as the social equivalent of such variation 2. They will gather data from their own speech and and that of their families and peers, of how individual speakers switch among varieties , and report on these examples the class.
- 3. What is the difference between The language and the dialect ? MaxWeinreicha Yiddishist anda linguist note a languageisa dialectwitharmyandnavy. Language and Dialect are both forms of communication , but they have some key differences . >A language is bigger than a dialect .
- 4. Language and Dialect are both forms of communication , but they have some key differences . > A language is bigger than a dialect . > More people speaks Language > Dialects have mutual intelligibility; language do not.. > Dialects are regional and ....... > Dialects are subsets of Language For example within the English language , there are dialects such as British English,AmericanEnglishandAustralianEnglish.
- 5. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEENDIALECTS AND ACCENT? Accents have to be distinguished from dialects . An accent is a persons distinctive pronunciation . A dialect is a much broader notion . For example: If you say eether and I say ayther , that is accent . But if you say Ive got a new dustbin and I say Ive gotten a new garbage can, thats dialect .
- 6. VARIETES OF LANGUAGE > DIALECT > SOCIOLECT / GEOGRAPIC DIALECT > REGISTER
- 7. What is A Dialect ? The word dialect comes from the ancient greek word dialektos ( discourse, language , dialect ) which derived from dialegesthai to discourse, talk. Dialect - a variety of language that signals were the person comes from . It is a regional or social varieties of a language distinguished by pronunciation , grammar and/or vocabulary . They are spoken by a particular group of people who are often set apart by geographic or social differences.
- 8. TWO TYPES OF DIALECTS 1. Geographical dialect / Regional dialect 2. Social dialect
- 9. Geographical dialect/ Regional Dialect - is a variety of language that is spoken in a geographical area for many hundreds of years as such in differences in pronunciations , in the choices and form of the word and syntax. Examples : Batangas Tagalog Sampiga - Sampal Sulo - Silaw
- 10. How Language vary in Geographic dialects? Geographic dialects ,often known as regional dialects , are variations of a language that are specific to a certain geographical area . These variations can occur due to several factors: 1. Isolation 2. Migration 3. Social Interactions 4.Historical influence
- 11. SOCIOLECT According to Peter Trudgil sociolects is a variety which is thought as being related to its speakers social background rather than geographical background . A sociolect also known as social dialect or class dialect , is a variety of language associated with a particular social class or occupational group . It is a part of a language used by a particular social group such as profession ,age group, socioeconomic class , or ethnic group . The terms derived from the morphemes socio which means social and lect meaning a variety of language
- 12. Who are Sociolinguists ? are the ones who study Sociolect. They are the interested in how we speak differently in varying social contexts and how we may also use specific functions of language to convey social meaning or aspects of our identity.
- 13. What are the social factors that influenced the sociolects ? > Socioeconomic Status > Geographic Location > Age and Generational differences > Ethnicity and Cultural Identity
- 14. A Sociolect csn be distinguished in terms of > grammar > phonology >lexicon > etc..
- 15. Socioeconomic class they tend to speak more logic and prestigious language upper-class speaks standard language middle-class tends to speak non- standard language or sometimes ungrammatical lower-class
- 16. Factors affecting Sociolect profession-every profession requires to adapt to a job jargon and sentence structure Age- young ones speak differently than the adults because they constantly inventing new terms Ethnicity- they speak differntly based on Gender- females try to speak tentative and males use slangs
- 17. Register is defined as the level of formality in language that determined by the context in which it is spoken or written . American linguist Martin Joos (1907-1978) defined five main language registers types. These 5 types are not exhaustive , but rather aim to describe the most registers used by English speakers. Joos also defined 4 differentiating factors that influence the use of language register.
- 18. 5 TYPES OF REGISTER 1. FROZEN - this form is sometimes called the static register because its to refer historic language or communication that is intended to remain unchanged , like a constitution or prayer. Examples: The BIble, the United States Constitution and Romeo and Juliet.
- 19. FORMAL Less rigid but still constrained , the formal register in professional , academic , or legal settings where communication is expected to be respectful, uninterrupted ,and rstrained . Slang is never used and contractions are rare . Examples : a business presentation,
- 20. CONSULTATIVE People use this register often in conversation when theyre speaking with someone who has specialized knowledge or who is offering advice . Tone is often respectful (use of courtesy titles ) but may be more casual . Slang is sometimes , used . Examples: the local Tv news , a service provider like a plumber .
- 21. CASUAL This is the Register people use when theyre with friends , close acquaintances and co-workers and family . Use slang, contractions , and vernacular grammar is all common . Examples: a birthday party , gossiping ,etc...
- 22. INTIMATE linguistics say this register is reseved for occations, usually between only two people and often in private . Intimate language may be something as simple as an inside joke between two close friends or a word whispered in a lovers ear .
- 23. FACTORS AFFECTING THE USE OF REGISTER AUDIENCE TOPIC PURPOSE LOCATION