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- 1. Morphology (Word Structure) The Dictionary in your head Jhoan Caryl R. Baylon MAT- ENGLISH
- 2. Words and their parts: lexicon and morphology & Morphological organization and analysis
- 3. We begin our study of human language by examining one of the most fundamental units of linguistic structure: the word. Words play an integral role in the human ability to use language creatively.
- 4. How many words do we know? We all have the intuition that our vocabulary cannot be too enormous since we don’t remember having to learn a lot of words. Yet, we realize that the world around us appears to be infinite in scope.
- 5. The list of words for any language is referred to as its lexicon. Lexical Structure Formation- For every word we have learned, we intuitively know something about its internal structure.
- 6. It is a branch of linguistics that involves the study of the grammatical structure of words and how words are formed and varied within the lexicon of any given language. morphology It is a branch of linguistics that involves the study of the grammatical structure of words and how words are formed and varied within the lexicon of any given language. Morphology studies the relationship between morphemes, referring to the smallest meaningful unit in a word, and how these units can be arranged to create new words or new forms of the same word.
- 7. Learning about the meaningful relationships between words, including how they sound, how they're spelled, and what their morphological structure is, contributes to vocabulary knowledge as well as reading comprehension. Importance of morphological skills to literacy helps students acquire the meaning of derived and inflected words, which in turn promotes reading comprehension. Importance of Studying morphology
- 8. Morphological Analysis Within the discipline of linguistics, morphological analysis refers to the analysis of a word based on the meaningful parts contained within. Some words cannot be broken down into multiple meaningful parts, but many words are composed of more than one meaningful unit.
- 9. a letter or group of letters added to the beginningofa word to make Prefixe s Suffixes Base words Free Morphemes Bound a letter or group of letters added at the end of a word to make a new the part of the word that cannot be broken down A morpheme that can stand alone as its ownword. A morpheme which only occurs as part ofaword.
- 11. (Free Morphemes ) Function Words vs. Content
- 12. Free morpheme A free morpheme is a morpheme (or word element) that can stand alone as a word. It is also called an unbound morpheme or a free-standing morpheme. Examples and Observations "A simple word consists of a single morpheme, and so is a free morpheme, a morpheme with the potential for independent occurrence. In The farmer kills the duckling the free morphemes are the, farm, kill and duck.
- 13. Function words In English grammar, a function word is a word that expresses a grammatical or structural relationship with other words in a sentence. It has little or no meaningful content. It includes determiners, conjunctions, prepositions, pronouns, auxiliary verbs, modals, qualifiers, and question words.
- 14. • Determiners are words such as articles (the, a), possessive pronouns (their, your), quantifiers (much), demonstratives (that, those), and numbers. • Conjunctions connect parts of a sentence, such as items in a list, two separate sentences, or clauses and phrases to a sentence. • Prepositions begin with prepositional phrases, which contain nouns and other modifiers. Prepositions function to give more information about nouns. • Pronouns are words that stand in for nouns. • Auxiliary verbs are also called helping verbs. They pair with a main verb to change tense, such as when you want to express something in the present continuous tense. • Modal verbs express condition or possibility. • Qualifiers function like adverbs and show the degree of an adjective or verb, but they have no real meaning themselves. • Question words are used for forming questions.
- 15. Content words Content words are words with specific meanings, such as nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and main verbs (those without helping verbs.) In the sentence, "The sly brown fox jumped gracefully over the lazy dog and cat," the content words are: •fox, dog, and cat (nouns) •sly, brown, and lazy (adjectives) •gracefully (adverb) •jumped (main verb)
- 16. (Bound Morphemes ) Inflectional vs. Derivational
- 17. Inflectional Morpheme It changes what a word does in terms of grammar, but do not create a new word. For example, the word <skip> has many forms: skip (base form), skipping (present progressive), and skipped (past tense). The inflectional morphemes -ing and -ed are added to the base word skip, to indicate the tense of the word. Some more examples are as follows: Cat - Cats Teach - Teaches Clean - Cleaned Pretty - Prettier
- 18. 8 Total Inflection Affixes
- 19. Derivational Morpheme Derivational morphology is the study of the formation of new words that differ either in a syntactic category or in meaning from their bases. Thus, a derivational morpheme is an affix we add to a word in order to create a new word or a new form of a word. Moreover, a derivational morpheme can either change the meaning or the grammatical category of the word. For example, Change in Meaning: Leaf Leaf → let Pure →Impure Change in Grammatical Category Help (verb) Help → er (noun) Logic (noun) Logic → al (adjective)
- 20. Most morphemes can be divided into: •Anglo-Saxon Morphemes (like re-, un-, and -ness); •Latin Morphemes (like non-, ex-, -ion, and -ify); and •Greek Morphemes (like micro, photo, graph).
- 21. Prefixes, suffixes, and bases
- 22. References: • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-khqMFzmzAw • https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-inflectional-and-derivational-mor phology/ • https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline • https://ielanguages.com/morphology.html • https://study.com/learn/lesson/examples-of-morphology.html • https://www.thoughtco.com/function-word-grammar-1690876#:~:text=Content%20Words% 20vs.,(those%20without%20helping%20verbs.) • https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~pjh/sem1a5/pt2/pt2_intro_morphology.html