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The document is a presentation on joint classification in anatomy, detailing both structural and functional characteristics. It describes fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints, highlighting their properties and movements. Additionally, it categorizes various types of synovial joints and their respective functions.
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- 4. Structural Classification of Joints based on anatomical characteristics presence/absence of space between the two articulating bones type of connective tissue that binds the bones together 1. fibrous joints no synovial cavity fibrous connective tissue rich in collagen fibers 2. cartilaginous joints no synovial cavity hyaline or fibrocartilage 3. synovial joints with synovial cavity dense irregular connective tissue with accessory ligaments
- 6. Functional Classification of Joints Synarthrosis Amphiarthrosis Diarthrosis
- 7. Classification of Joints structural and functional characteristics 1. fibrous joints suture unites bones of skull, synarthrosis syndesmoses greater distance between articulating bones, fibrous connective tissue as a bundle (ligament) or as a sheet (interosseus membrane), amphiarthrosis gomphoses peg and socket, roots of teeth with the sockets of the maxillae and mandible, fibrous
- 8. Classification of Joints structural and functional characteristics 2. cartilaginous joints synchondroses hyaline cartilage, ex. epiphyseal plates, 1st rib and manubrium, synarthrosis symphyses articulating bones covered with hyaline but are connected with a broad, flat disc of fibrocartilage, ex. pubic symphyses,
- 9. types of synovial joints 3. pivot rounded/pointed with ring formed by bone and ligament movement: rotation atlanto-axial joint, radioulnar
- 10. Classification of Joints structural and functional characteristics 3. synovial joints reduces friction, absorbs shock, permits movement (diarthrosis) structures: articular cartilage hyaline or fibrocartilage articular capsule inner synovial membrane and outer fibrous capsule synovial fluid hyaluronic acid and interstitial fluid, for the lubrication and supply of nutrients, removal of wastes accessory ligaments and articular discs extracapsular ligaments, intracapsular ligaments
- 11. types of synovial joints 1. planar flat or slightly curved surfaces movement: side to side, back and forth intercarpal, intertarsal, sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, sternocostal, vertebrocostal 2. hinge convex/concave surfaces movement: angular, opening and closing knee, elbow, ankle, interphalangeal
- 12. types of synovial joints 4. condyloid/ellipsoidal convex oval-oval depression movement: biaxial (up and down, side to side) wrist, metacarpophalangeal 5. saddle saddle and rider movement: side to side, up and down carpometacarpal joint (thumb)
- 13. types of synovial joints 6. ball and socket ball-like and cup-like multiaxial shoulder and hip