Normal tension glaucoma ntg
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This document discusses normal tension glaucoma, also known as low tension glaucoma. It is characterized by typical glaucomatous optic disc changes and visual field defects, with intraocular pressure consistently below 21mmHg. While the cause is unknown, it is believed to be due to chronic low vascular perfusion that makes the optic nerve more susceptible to damage from normal intraocular pressures. Treatment options include medical treatments to lower intraocular pressure by 30%, trabeculectomy surgery when there is progressive field loss despite pressures in the lower teens, and systemic calcium channel blockers for patients with confirmed peripheral vasospasm.
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Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy caused by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) that damages the optic nerve. There are several types of glaucoma including primary open-angle glaucoma, primary angle-closure glaucoma, and congenital glaucoma. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent vision loss, as glaucoma has no symptoms in early stages. Treatment options depend on the type of glaucoma but generally involve medications or surgery to lower IOP. Regular follow-up is needed to monitor the condition and treatment response.GLAUCOMA -disease ,symptoms, sign, types ,management.pptx
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Glaucoma is used to refer group of ocular condition characterized by the optic nerve damage.
It occurs as a result of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) caused by a malformation or malfunction of the eyes drainage system.
Normal IOP is 19 21 mmHG. The increased pressure causes compression of the retina and optic nerve, and causes progressive, permanent loss of eyesight if left untreatedNORMAL TENSION GLAUCOMA "An exception in the glaucoma family"
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Glaucoma refers to a group of eye diseases characterized by optic disc changes and visual field loss caused by increased intraocular pressure. There are two main types: open-angle glaucoma which develops slowly over time due to impaired drainage, and angle-closure glaucoma which causes sudden severe eye pain and vision loss due to blocked drainage. Treatment aims to decrease aqueous fluid production or increase outflow through medication like prostaglandin analogs, beta-blockers, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors or surgery if needed. An acute attack is a medical emergency treated initially to rapidly lower pressure with intravenous medications or surgery.14. Primary glaucoma.pptx
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Primary glaucoma refers to a group of eye diseases characterized by optic nerve damage and vision loss caused by increased intraocular pressure (IOP). The two main types are primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). POAG is chronic, progressive, and characterized by an open iridocorneal angle and loss of retinal ganglion cells leading to visual field defects. PACG occurs when the iris blocks the drainage angle, increasing IOP and potentially causing severe eye pain and vision loss if not treated quickly. Both can lead to permanent vision loss if left untreated.14. Primary glaucoma.pptx
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Primary glaucoma refers to a group of eye diseases characterized by optic nerve damage and vision loss caused by increased intraocular pressure (IOP). The two main types are primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). POAG is chronic, progressive, and characterized by an open iridocorneal angle and loss of retinal ganglion cells leading to visual field defects. PACG occurs when the iris blocks the drainage angle, increasing IOP and potentially causing severe eye pain and vision loss if not treated quickly. Both can lead to permanent vision loss if left untreated.Glaucoma
Glaucomasonia dagar
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Glaucoma is a group of eye disorders characterized by increased intraocular pressure that can damage the optic nerve and lead to vision loss and blindness if left untreated. There are two main types - congenital glaucoma present at birth due to defects, and acquired glaucoma which develops later in life due to factors like eye injuries or conditions like high blood pressure. Acquired glaucoma has two primary types - open angle glaucoma which results from fluid drainage issues, and acute angle closure glaucoma caused by physical blocking of fluid flow. Treatment involves medications, lasers, or surgeries to lower pressure and prevent further optic nerve damage.Recently uploaded (20)
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Normal tension glaucoma ntg
- 1. Ameerhamza S B 7th term SIMS , Shimoga
- 2. Normal tension glaucoma / low tension glaucoma Typical glaucomatous disk changes and visual field defects Intraocular pressure constantly below 21mmHg The angle of the anterior chamber is open on gonioscopy No secondary cause for glaucomatous disk changes
- 3. Chronic low vascular perfusion makes optic nerve susceptible for normal IOP This view is supported by - Raynaud phenomenon - Migraine - Nocturnal systemic hypotension and overtreated hypertension - Reduced blood flow velocity in Ophthalmic A.
- 4. IOP : consistently lower than 21mmHg Optic disc changes : Are similar to POAG with following special features - Thinning of neuroretinal rim - Flame shaped haemorrhages of the optic nerve rim (Drance haemorrhage) - Deep, focal notching of the rim - Peripapillary atrophy
- 5. Visual Field Defects : Similar to POAG but more deeper,steeper,more localised and closure to fixation point
- 6. DDs High pressure glaucomas POAG Glaucoma with intermittent rise in IOP Previous episodes of Glaucoma Non glaucomatous optic neuropathies Congenital optic disc anomalies Acquired optic neuropathies
- 7. 1. Medical Treatment to lower IOP Aim is to lower IOP by 30% i.e. to about 12- 14mmHg Betaxolol is DOC because it also increases optic nerve blood flow Drugs with neuroprotective effect like Brimonidine may be preferred PG analogues e.g. latanoprost have greater ocular hypotensive effect in eyes with normal IOP
- 8. 2.Trabeculectomy: When there is progressive field loss occurs despite IOP in lower teens 3.Systemic calcium channel blockers : (e.g.nifedipine) in patients with confirmed peripheral vasospasm
- 9. REFERNCE - Comprehensive OPTHALMOLOGY 6th Edition by A.K.KHURANA