Efficacy of overlying coarse aggregate and geosynthetic separator on cbr valu...eSAT JournalsThe study investigates the efficacy of overlying coarse aggregate and geosynthetic separators to enhance the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values of soft subgrade soils with varying plasticity. Results indicate that the presence of a separator geotextile significantly improves the CBR due to reduced mixing of aggregates with the subgrade soil and enhanced load distribution. Key findings highlight that fines content and plasticity index negatively impact CBR values, while the use of a gravelly aggregate layer can substantially improve subgrade performance.
TDoerr ResumeTracy DoerrThis document is a resume for Tracy L.A. Doerr, who has experience and education in alcohol and drug counseling and forensic psychology. She has over 5 years of experience as an Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor, working with diverse populations using 12-step recovery models, cognitive behavioral therapy, and motivational interviewing. Her skills include facilitating groups, crisis intervention, chemical assessments, and working effectively as part of a team. She has a BA in Alcohol and Drug Studies from Minnesota State University and an MA in Forensic Psychology from Argosy University.
vegetationmap4africa tutorials: Select tree species in Google EarthWorld Agroforestry (ICRAF)The document provides a detailed guide on using a vegetation map tool for selecting tree species in Uganda through Google Earth. Users can identify potential natural vegetation types by navigating the KML file, examining vegetation folders, and consulting factsheets for detailed species information. Additionally, there is an interactive Excel tool for filtering and selecting species based on specific products or environmental services.
ǻ.ǰ레ѫ크분석YoungSik Jeongcode.org의 영역별 내용 순서를 분석한 자료입니다. 반복문, 순차문, 조건문, 함수문, 변수, 이벤트, 2진법, 디버깅, 생활 속 알고리즘, 만들기, 조작, 정의, 인지적 능력, 인터넷과 클라우드 소싱 등 각 레벨별로 제시된 내용의 순서를 제시하였습니다. 어린 학생들을 위한 프로그래밍 교재를 만들 때 참조하면 도움이 될 것입니다.
두근두근언플러그드컴퓨팅 수업용PPT_2_그림표현_ver1.0hellosoftkorea교재 '두근두근 언플러그드 컴퓨팅' 의 수업용 PPT 자료입니다. 선생님들이 언플러그드 교육 수업을 진행할 때 빔프로젝트로 보여주면서 수업할 수 있습니다.
두근두근 언플러그드 컴퓨팅 구입 정보:
http://book.naver.com/bookdb/book_detail.nhn?bid=10975976
출처: 헬로소프트 http://hellosoft.co.kr
Local peoples’ perspectives on the effectiveness of REDD+ in changing land us...CIFOR-ICRAFThe document evaluates the effectiveness of REDD+ initiatives in changing local people's emission-generating activities across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. It finds that while 71% of households participated in interventions, only one-third of these interventions led to their involvement, resulting in 65% of affected households changing at least one land use practice. The impact varied by country and intervention type, with regulatory environments significantly influencing households' motivations to change land use.
How can agriculture help achieve the 2°C target? CIFOR-ICRAFThe document discusses how agriculture can contribute to achieving the 2°C target for global warming, emphasizing the need for a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural sector by 2030. It highlights that known mitigation practices could contribute only 21-40% of the required emissions reductions needed by 2030 and stresses the urgency of expanding technical and policy options to achieve greater impacts. The document calls for radical changes in agricultural practices and policies to meet climate goals effectively.
CIFOR’s contribution to ASFCC: evidence, capacity building and engagementCIFOR-ICRAFThe document reports on CIFOR's contributions to social forestry and REDD+ initiatives in Southeast Asia, particularly focusing on swidden systems and their role in maintaining livelihoods and environmental goals. It highlights research findings on the success factors of traditional social forestry practices in Indonesia, the political dynamics of swidden farming in Vietnam, and the involvement of multiple stakeholders in Lao PDR's REDD+ policies. The document also outlines knowledge sharing activities, training efforts, and future research directions aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of social forestry and REDD+ implementations in the region.
OTT Services in Lao PDRLao Network Operators GroupThe document summarizes OTT services in Laos. It provides background on Laos' country profile and telecommunications infrastructure. Mobile internet access has grown significantly, with over 4 million mobile subscriptions and high 3G coverage. Facebook and WhatsApp are the most popular OTT platforms used daily. A survey found that over half of respondents have used OTT for over 3 years on their smartphones. Respondents viewed OTT positively for business, education and democracy, but over 50% agreed some content like pornography should be regulated. The conclusion recommends supporting a free and open internet along with data protection laws and premium internet packages.
AAP Mohalla clinic exposed - Party Propaganda, not Public HealthGaurav PandhiThe document is a report by the Delhi Pradesh Congress Committee that criticizes the Aam Aadmi Party's Mohalla Clinic initiative. The report claims the clinics lack a proper public health perspective and implementation has faced issues. It argues the clinics undermine existing health facilities and are being used more for party propaganda than public health. The report calls for more transparency and an RTI request is included regarding the clinics.
Digital Inclusion in LaosLao Network Operators GroupThe document discusses digital inclusion efforts in Laos. It provides background on Laos' demographics, economy, and ICT statistics. Laos has low internet penetration and ranks low on international digital inclusion indexes. To improve inclusion, the government is working to expand infrastructure through projects, lower costs by restructuring fees and taxes, increase ICT skills through education programs, and develop useful applications like e-government, health services, and tools to assist people with disabilities. Overall, the document outlines the current state of digital inclusion in Laos and various strategies and projects the government is pursuing to expand connectivity and access nationwide, especially in rural areas.
REDD+ Dynamics: [not] A one size fit all solutionCIFOR-ICRAFThis document provides an overview of REDD+ dynamics and initiatives in several countries and continents. It summarizes REDD+ policy developments and institutional changes in Indonesia from 2008-2016. It also discusses REDD+ activities in Papua New Guinea, Vietnam, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Brazil, and Peru, highlighting their national REDD+ strategies, challenges, and progress. Common challenges facing REDD+ implementation include conflicting interests between development and conservation, unclear land tenure, and lack of long-term funding. The document concludes with priorities for REDD+ moving forward, including further integrating it within national development plans and addressing major drivers of deforestation.
Managing risks and avoiding pitfalls to REDD+ policy design and benefit sharing CIFOR-ICRAFThis document summarizes risks that can occur during the design and implementation of REDD+ policies. It analyzes risks that may lead to overlapping policies, inaccurate baselines, inequitable benefit sharing, and elite capture of benefits. Key risks include inaccurate reference levels setting, asymmetric information in monitoring, inadequate benefit sharing mechanism design, and lack of stakeholder participation in decision making. The risks are influenced by a country's context, capacity, data availability, tenure rights clarity, and how REDD+ policies and measures are designed and implemented. Adaptive implementation and multi-stakeholder participation can help manage some risks, while others may be outside a country's control.
ICT in EducationLao Network Operators GroupThe document discusses ICT development in education in Lao PDR. It outlines the country's ICT in education conceptual framework and strategy, including a Phase I E-Education Project from 2010-2013 that established ICT infrastructure in schools. The project resulted in improved education quality and administration through tools like video conferencing, online learning platforms, and an education management information system. However, challenges remain around leadership, resources, and developing human capacity for ICT. Continued international support is needed to further the country's vision of utilizing ICT to provide universal access to quality education by 2030.
Presentations and PublicationsJon StrattonThis document lists the author's presentations and publications from 1985 to 2016. It includes over 50 papers presented at various conferences on topics related to popular music, multiculturalism, whiteness studies, and representations of Jews. It also lists public lectures, seminars, and talks given at numerous universities internationally on similar topics relating to Australian popular music, multiculturalism, and Jewish identity.
OTT Services in Lao PDRLao Network Operators GroupThe document summarizes OTT services in Laos. It provides background on Laos' country profile and telecommunications infrastructure. Mobile internet access has grown significantly, with over 4 million mobile subscriptions and high 3G coverage. Facebook and WhatsApp are the most popular OTT platforms used daily. A survey found that over half of respondents have used OTT for over 3 years on their smartphones. Respondents viewed OTT positively for business, education and democracy, but over 50% agreed some content like pornography should be regulated. The conclusion recommends supporting a free and open internet along with data protection laws and premium internet packages.
AAP Mohalla clinic exposed - Party Propaganda, not Public HealthGaurav PandhiThe document is a report by the Delhi Pradesh Congress Committee that criticizes the Aam Aadmi Party's Mohalla Clinic initiative. The report claims the clinics lack a proper public health perspective and implementation has faced issues. It argues the clinics undermine existing health facilities and are being used more for party propaganda than public health. The report calls for more transparency and an RTI request is included regarding the clinics.
Digital Inclusion in LaosLao Network Operators GroupThe document discusses digital inclusion efforts in Laos. It provides background on Laos' demographics, economy, and ICT statistics. Laos has low internet penetration and ranks low on international digital inclusion indexes. To improve inclusion, the government is working to expand infrastructure through projects, lower costs by restructuring fees and taxes, increase ICT skills through education programs, and develop useful applications like e-government, health services, and tools to assist people with disabilities. Overall, the document outlines the current state of digital inclusion in Laos and various strategies and projects the government is pursuing to expand connectivity and access nationwide, especially in rural areas.
REDD+ Dynamics: [not] A one size fit all solutionCIFOR-ICRAFThis document provides an overview of REDD+ dynamics and initiatives in several countries and continents. It summarizes REDD+ policy developments and institutional changes in Indonesia from 2008-2016. It also discusses REDD+ activities in Papua New Guinea, Vietnam, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Brazil, and Peru, highlighting their national REDD+ strategies, challenges, and progress. Common challenges facing REDD+ implementation include conflicting interests between development and conservation, unclear land tenure, and lack of long-term funding. The document concludes with priorities for REDD+ moving forward, including further integrating it within national development plans and addressing major drivers of deforestation.
Managing risks and avoiding pitfalls to REDD+ policy design and benefit sharing CIFOR-ICRAFThis document summarizes risks that can occur during the design and implementation of REDD+ policies. It analyzes risks that may lead to overlapping policies, inaccurate baselines, inequitable benefit sharing, and elite capture of benefits. Key risks include inaccurate reference levels setting, asymmetric information in monitoring, inadequate benefit sharing mechanism design, and lack of stakeholder participation in decision making. The risks are influenced by a country's context, capacity, data availability, tenure rights clarity, and how REDD+ policies and measures are designed and implemented. Adaptive implementation and multi-stakeholder participation can help manage some risks, while others may be outside a country's control.
ICT in EducationLao Network Operators GroupThe document discusses ICT development in education in Lao PDR. It outlines the country's ICT in education conceptual framework and strategy, including a Phase I E-Education Project from 2010-2013 that established ICT infrastructure in schools. The project resulted in improved education quality and administration through tools like video conferencing, online learning platforms, and an education management information system. However, challenges remain around leadership, resources, and developing human capacity for ICT. Continued international support is needed to further the country's vision of utilizing ICT to provide universal access to quality education by 2030.
Presentations and PublicationsJon StrattonThis document lists the author's presentations and publications from 1985 to 2016. It includes over 50 papers presented at various conferences on topics related to popular music, multiculturalism, whiteness studies, and representations of Jews. It also lists public lectures, seminars, and talks given at numerous universities internationally on similar topics relating to Australian popular music, multiculturalism, and Jewish identity.
3. Z historie pokeru
Pokerová varianta Texas Hold’em se zrodila
v texaském Robstownu. Poté, co hrstka kočovných
hráčů, mezi nimi Crandel Addington, Doyle
Brunson a Amarillo Slim, představili novou
variantu Mekce hazardu, Las Vegas, se hra rychle
šířila po celých Spojených státech. Krátce na to
vzniklo první oficiální mistrovství v pokeru – World
Series of Poker. Největšího boomu Texas Hold’em
zaznamenal v roce 2003, kdy neznámý účetní
s příhodným jménem Chris Moneymaker vyhrál
v jednom turnaji několik milionů dolarů.
4. O Texas Hold‘emu
Texas Hold‘em je v současné době nejpopulárnější
pokerová varianta. Hrají jej milióny lidí po celém
světě. Proč? Pravidla Texas Hold‘emu jsou totiž
velice snadná na pochopení. Po úvodním
představení pravidel může začít hrát i někdo, kdo o
pokeru dosud neslyšel.
6. Obecná pravidla a cíl hry
Na začátku každé partie jsou každému hráči rozdány dvě karty. tzv hole cards. Tyto karty hráč nikomu
neukazuje (alespoň nemusí) a patří jen jemu. Dalších pět karet je následně v průběhu partie rozdáno
lícem vzhůru. Ty jsou však společné pro všechny hráče, kteří se účastní partie. Cílem hry pak je
vytvořit lepší kombinaci než soupeř či soupeři. To v případě, že všichni hráči dojdou až do tzv.
showdownu. Další možností, jak získat pot, je přinutit ostatní hráče zahodit. Může se tedy stát, že
vyhraje hráč s horší kombinací.
8. Hra před flopem, flop, turn a river
Pokerová partie probíhá ve čtyřech sázkových kolech: před flopem, na flopu, na turnu a na riveru.
Na začátku každé partie je vylosován dealer (rozdávající). Tato pozice se následně spolu s povinnými
sázkami po ukončení každé partie posouvá mezi hráči o jedno místo po směru hodinových ručiček.
Hráč nalevo od dealera vloží do hry tzv. small blind - malou povinnou sázku. Druhý hráč od dealera
pak vloží dvojnásobek této sázky, tzv. big blind - velkou povinnou sázku. Big blind hodnotou odpovídá
minimální sázce, kterou lze ve hře vsadit.
Povinné sázky jsou prvními žetony vloženými do hry. Jejich hlavním cílem je podpořit akci tak, aby se
„o něco hrálo“.
9. Flop
Poté, co je uzavřeno první kolo sázení, přicházejí na řadu společné karty. Dealer sejme (neboli spálí)
jednu kartu z vrchu balíčku a na stůl současně otočí tři karty lícem nahoru, kterým se jinak říká flop.
Hráči nyní mohou porovnat své karty na ruce s těmi na stole a zhodnotit, jak si stojí a jaké šance asi
mají proti soupeři či soupeřům.
První na řadě v novém kole sázek je hráč nejblíže levici dealera, který zůstal ve hře. Sázení se řídí
stejnými pravidly jako v předchozím kole. Dokud nikdo nevsadí, je možno zůstat ve hře bez vsazení
(check), po sázce je možno pouze dorovnat sázku (call), navýšit sázku (raise) nebo složit karty (fold).
10. Turn
Po ukončení sázek na flopu se jde do dalšího sázkového kola, na takzvaný turn. Dealer opět spálí
jednu kartu z vrchu balíčku a následně otočí další kartu na stůl. Hráči opět mohou tuto kartu použít na
vytvoření nejlepší možné pětikaretní výherní kombinace. Sázky se řídí stejnými pravidly jako v kolech
předchozích.
11. River
Poslední společná karta, kterou dealer otočí na stůl, se nazývá river. Na riveru se odehrává poslední
kolo sázek, který se řídí stejnými pravidly jako sázení v kolech předchozích. Po ukončení všech sázek
ukazují zbylí hráči ve hře své karty. Této fázi, jak už bylo zmíněno, se říká showdown. Majitelem potu
se stává držitel nejsilnější výherní kombinace - v případě dvou či více stejně silných karetních
kombinací se pot dělí rovnoměrně mezi jejich majitele. Následně se posune pozice dealera a hráčů na
blindech, karty se zamíchají a pokračuje se v další hře.
14. Fixed Limit Hold‘em
V této herní variantě je pevně stanovena minimální i maximální sázka, stejně jako počet jednotlivých
možných sázek a navýšení (raisů). Omezení velikosti sázky se vztahuje nejen na sázení, ale i na
navyšování. Pokud tedy někdo vsadí 1 $, další hráč ho může navýšit na 2 $ a třetí hráč pak následně
může navýšit na 3 $. Maximální počet možných raisů je většinou omezen na tři nebo čtyři.
Small blind má obvykle hodnotu poloviny nižšího limitu hry a big blind odpovídá výši nižšího limitu hry.
Hrajete-li tedy Fixed Limit Texas Hold‘em na limitu 2$/4$, pak má small blind velikost 1 $ a big blind
dosahuje 2 $.
Po prvních dvou sázkových kolech se obvykle zdvojnásobuje velikost možné sázky (a odpovídá tak
tedy hornímu limitu hry) a této sázce se pak říká velká sázka. Například při již zmíněné hře s blindy
2$/4$ je v prvních dvou kolech maximální výše sázky či navýšení 1 $. Od turnu se zvyšuje na 2 $.
15. Pot Limit Texas Hold‘em
V této pokerové variantě je velikost možné sázky omezena aktuální výší banku neboli potu. Hráč, na
kterého přišla řad, tak může vsadit či navýšit o libovolné množství žetonů do maximální velikosti
aktuálního potu.
Například: pokud jsou blindy 2$/4$ a vy si přejete navýšit maximální možnou částku, pak se výpočet
velikosti sázky provede následujícím způsobem. Nejprve dorovnáte aktuální big blind 4 $ a posléze
můžete navýšit o aktuální výši potu, tedy o 10 $. (2 $ small blind + 4 $ big blind + 4 $ váš call =
celkem 10 $). Maximálně můžete navýšit na 14 $. V průběhu samotné hry jen oznamujete raise a
výsledné číslo (nebo řeknete, že navyšujete pot). Operace s dorovnáním aktuální sázky slouží jen k
přiblížení toho, jak se provádí výpočet.
Na závěr je třeba podotknout, že jak Fixed Limit, tak Pot Limit Hold‘em je dnes k vidění už jen zřídka.
Současnost patří variantě, kterou si představíme jako poslední.
16. No Limit Texas Hold‘em
No Limit Texas Hold‘em je zdaleka tou nejpopulárnější pokerovou variantou vůbec. Možná i proto, že
nabízí vypjaté zážitky, ale také příležitost vyhrát spoustu peněz. Důkazem budiž například český hráč
Martin Stazsko, který před několika lety vyhrál na neoficiálním mistrovství světa v pokeru WSOP více
než 100 milionů korun.
Pokud jde o pravidla No Limit Texas Hold‘emu, počet sázek ani jejich výše není nijak omezena. Hráči
mohou kdykoliv vsadit jakékoliv množství žetonů bez ohledu na výši potu a z toho plyne také název
varianty. Tato varianta jako jediná dovoluje vsadit all-in, tedy všechny své žetony, za všech okolností.