PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED SOILS (WAQAS AZEEM)Waqas Azeem
油
This document discusses heavy metals contamination of soil and their uptake in the food chain. It provides details on various techniques used for remediation of contaminated soils, with a focus on phytoremediation. Phytoremediation uses plants and their associated microbes to remove, contain or render harmless contaminants in soil and water. Factors that affect phytoremediation like plant species, soil properties and metal properties are discussed. The use of hyperaccumulator plants for phytoremediation of heavy metals like arsenic is also described.
Heavy metals and heavy metal in water and soil.17071561-007
油
Heavy metals like cadmium, mercury, arsenic, chromium, and lead are present in soil and water due to industrial activities such as mining and waste disposal. They accumulate in the environment and can be toxic even in small amounts. Heavy metals are found at higher levels in industrial and urban areas compared to rural areas. Long term exposure to heavy metals can lead to health issues like cancer, organ damage, and neurological or developmental problems for humans and other organisms. Maintaining heavy metal levels in soil and water below regulatory limits is important for environmental and human health.
Heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, and lead are naturally occurring but are also released from industrial and other human activities. They persist indefinitely in the environment and can accumulate in living organisms, posing health risks. Mercury is a liquid metal used historically in products like thermometers and batteries but now regulated. It evaporates easily and bioaccumulates as the toxic methylmercury in fish. Exposure can cause neurological, kidney, and developmental problems. While an essential element for life, mercury becomes toxic and dangerous at higher levels.
Ozone occurs naturally in low concentrations in the troposphere but human activities have increased tropospheric ozone levels. Tropospheric ozone forms from chemical reactions involving sunlight and pollutants from vehicle exhaust, power plants, and industry. High ground-level ozone can cause respiratory health effects and damage plants by inhibiting photosynthesis and entering tissues. It is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Reducing emissions of ozone precursors from fossil fuel combustion can help decrease tropospheric ozone pollution and its impacts on human health and vegetation.
Heavy metal pollution in soil and its mitigation aspect by Dr. Tarik MitranDr. Tarik Mitran
油
Heavy metal pollution in soil is a serious problem. Some key points:
- Heavy metals like lead, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, and mercury are toxic even in small amounts and can accumulate in the food chain.
- Sources of heavy metal pollution include industrial, agricultural, and mining activities which release these metals into the environment.
- Heavy metals can be taken up by plants and crops irrigated with contaminated water, accumulating in plant tissues and eventually entering the food chain. This poses risks to human and animal health.
- Remediating contaminated soils requires understanding the chemical processes by which heavy metals move and change form in the soil-water-air system over time. Mitigation strategies aim to reduce
This document discusses white rot fungi and their application in the pulp and paper industry. It begins by defining white rot fungi as basidiomycetes capable of degrading lignin. It then lists and provides images of various white rot fungi species. The document explains that white rot fungi produce non-specific enzymes like laccase and peroxidases that are exploited in pulp and paper processing to separate cellulose fibers from lignin through mechanical or chemical pulping. Specifically, white rot fungi can reduce energy usage and environmental impact of bleaching processes in pulp mills. Examples of white rot fungi used include Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Pycnoporus cinnabarinus. In conclusion, white rot fungi have benefits for both
Fertilizers and pesticides are discussed. Fertilizers supply essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to support plant growth. They are produced from minerals or synthetic processes. Common nitrogen fertilizers include ammonia, urea, and sodium nitrate. Phosphate and potassium fertilizers are extracted from minerals. Fertilizer use can impact the environment through water pollution, soil acidification, and greenhouse gas emissions. Proper application and integrated pest management can help minimize these effects. Pesticides are also discussed as substances used to control pests that damage crops or humans.
The document discusses nitrogen fixation and the nitrogen cycle. It notes that while nitrogen gas makes up 78% of the atmosphere, plants cannot use it directly and must obtain nitrogen from the soil in the forms of nitrates and ammonium salts. Nitrogen fixation is carried out by both biological and non-biological processes, with biological nitrogen fixation being the primary means of fixing atmospheric nitrogen in the soil through the action of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and their enzyme nitrogenase. The nitrogenase enzyme converts atmospheric nitrogen gas into ammonia through an ATP-dependent process.
This document discusses heavy metals, their properties, effects on living organisms and the environment, and methods for measuring and treating heavy metal toxicity. Heavy metals are naturally occurring but human activities have increased their levels. They can accumulate in organisms and cause damage even at low concentrations. The document outlines the health effects of several heavy metals like mercury, cadmium, and lead. It also discusses heavy metal contamination of plants, soil, water and indoor environments. Methods for detecting and removing heavy metals include atomic absorption spectrophotometry, chelation therapy and use of absorbents.
This article in the form of power point will guide you in understanding the the concept and applications of macro as well as micro nutrients in the soil.
effect of submergence in soils and its managementpreethi durairaj
油
Submergence of soils in water leads to several physical, biological, and chemical changes. Oxygen levels decrease as water replaces air in pore spaces, promoting anaerobic conditions. This allows reduction reactions to occur, changing soil properties like pH, redox potential, and nutrient availability. While phosphorus, potassium, iron, and manganese availability increases, nitrogen can be lost through leaching or denitrification if not properly managed, and sulfur, zinc and copper availability decreases overall. Careful water and nutrient management is needed for optimal crop growth in submerged soils.
Heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, chromium, and lead were discussed in the document. These metals can enter the environment from natural and human sources and persist indefinitely. While some heavy metals are essential in small amounts, higher concentrations can be toxic. Exposure to heavy metals can occur through food, water, air and cause health effects like organ damage and cancer. Current research studies analyzed heavy metal levels in foods, soils and plants in the Philippines and found levels exceeding safety limits.
The document discusses the history of understanding phosphorus use in agriculture and its importance as a nutrient for plant growth. It examines world phosphate reserves and how applied phosphorus interacts with soil properties, becoming either available or unavailable to plants over time. Several strategies are presented for improving phosphorus use efficiency in soils, including modifying soil properties, managing phosphorus sources, and optimizing application rates and timing.
This document discusses phytoremediation, which uses plants to clean contaminated sites. It describes how plants can uptake and remove heavy metals and other pollutants from soil and water through processes like phytoextraction, rhizofiltration, and phytovolatilization. Specific plant species that are used for different contaminants like Indian mustard for lead and water hyacinth for rhizofiltration are mentioned. The role of biotechnology in genetically engineering plants for improved phytoremediation is also covered.
This document discusses soil types and fertility management in Sri Lanka's dry zone. It describes the major soil types in the area, including Reddish Brown Earth (RBE) soils, Low Humic Gley soils, and issues affecting them like erosion, poor workability, and low fertility. It provides characteristics of RBE soils and discusses management practices to address depth limitations, erosion, workability, fertility, and irrigation on these soils. Salinity is also mentioned as a problem for some paddy soils in the dry zone, with causes and effects described.
Heavy metals are naturally occurring elements that are toxic or poisonous even in small amounts. They can accumulate in living things through bioaccumulation over time. Heavy metal pollution comes from both natural sources like volcanic activity as well as human sources such as industrial emissions, mining, sewage systems, and the use of pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture. Common heavy metals include mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, and lead, which can negatively impact both the environment and human health if they build up in the food chain.
This document presents information on subalpine and alpine forests. It describes subalpine forests as occurring above 11,000 feet, with a short growing season of 100-120 days and long, severe winters. Abies pindrow and Pinus wallichiana are dominant tree species. Alpine forests start where subalpine forests end, consisting of dense shrub formations up to 6 feet tall, with both deciduous and evergreen species. They are found in Kashmir, Gilgit, Chitral, and Hazara regions.
Vegetables are grown all over the world for human needs and proper supply nutritional supplement. Recently due to various anthropogenic activities such as mining, industrialization and agricultural activities like application of pesticides, fungicides and fertilizers, heavy metals are released in to the atmosphere, soil and water. These released heavy metals enter into the plant system through various physiological processes and it affects the plant growth and development. The concentration of heavy metals in the environment varies due to various activities and it becomes toxic when it reaches above the permissible limits. Accumulation of heavy metals occurs only when the vegetable crops are exposed to heavy metal contaminated environment, thus it enters into the food chain. When these heavy metals contaminated vegetables are consumed by human beings it causes various severe health ailments. In order to reduce the heavy metal toxicity, proper remediation steps have to be carried out in soil and irrigation water. Before consumption of any vegetables washing has to be done to reduce the adhered heavy metal particulates and through these simple steps we can remove the heavy metal adhered on the vegetable surface.
TSI's Nick Brown looks at the impact on our neighbours and wider environment from air quality. Particularly looks at why monitoring of dust particles is important and the methods of monitoring.
This document provides an overview of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) nutrition principles for plants. It discusses the essential roles of N, P, and K in plants including protein synthesis, energy production, photosynthesis, and growth. The key cycles and processes involving N, P, and K in soils are summarized, including mineralization, nitrification, fixation, leaching, precipitation, and adsorption. Soil testing methods and interpreting results for N, P, and K are covered. Commercial fertilizer sources of N, P, and K are also mentioned.
The term heavy metal refers to any metallic chemical element that has a relatively high density and is toxic or poisonous at low concentrations.
Heavy metals are Globally distributed
pollutants
Rotenone is a natural pesticide extracted from the roots and stems of several tropical plant species. It works by interfering with electron transport in mitochondria, which inhibits ATP production and creates reactive oxygen species. Rotenone has been used historically by indigenous groups to catch fish and is also used as an insecticide, though it is toxic to aquatic life and insects. While mildly toxic to humans, rotenone poisoning can be fatal with high doses and it degrades when exposed to sunlight.
This document summarizes a study on using the aquatic plant Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) to treat tannery effluent through phytoremediation. The study involved collecting tannery effluent samples, analyzing their physicochemical properties, treating the effluent with water hyacinth for 20 days, and re-analyzing the treated effluent. Key findings were that the water hyacinth significantly reduced parameters like pH, TDS, BOD, COD, and improved the overall quality of the effluent, demonstrating its potential for low-cost, effective phytoremediation of tannery wastewater.
First lab managers meeting of the South-East Asia Laboratory NETwork (SEALNET 2.0) - Quality improvement in Asian soil laboratories: towards standardization and harmonization of soil analyses and their interpretation, Bogor, Indonesia, 20 - 24 November 2017.
This document discusses chelate-assisted phytoextraction of metal contaminated soil. It begins by defining heavy metals and listing some common heavy metals like lead, chromium, arsenic, and zinc. It then discusses the properties and sources of heavy metals, as well as their effects on plants. The document outlines the hazardous effects of heavy metal contamination and the bioavailable forms of heavy metals in soil. It introduces phytoremediation as a remediation technology, discussing its history, processes, and techniques like phytoextraction. The document focuses on the limitations of using metal hyperaccumulator plants and introduces chelate-assisted phytoextraction using synthetic and natural chelating agents to enhance metal uptake in non-hyperaccumulator plants
Carbon sequestration involves capturing carbon dioxide emissions from large point sources like power plants and storing it long-term to mitigate climate change. There are three main carbon sequestration methods: terrestrial through plants and soils, geological by injecting CO2 underground, and ocean storage by injecting it deep into the ocean. While carbon sequestration could help reduce emissions, concerns include potential leakage of stored CO2 and impacts on ocean life from ocean storage. More research is still needed but carbon sequestration may prove effective if sites are carefully selected and monitored.
PHYTOREMEDIATION IN ENVT. MANAGEMENT - BIOTECHNOLGY ROLE...KANTHARAJAN GANESAN
油
It deals with, the various technologies involved in phytoremediation, mechanism, factors and biotechnology interventions for the improvement of remediation process etc...
This document discusses the biochemical composition and biodegradation of organic matter in soils. It describes the various components of soil organic matter including nitrogenous and non-nitrogenous organic compounds. It explains the roles of enzymes and microbes like fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes in decomposing different organic compounds such as proteins, cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, and lignin. Finally, it outlines several factors that affect the rate of organic matter decomposition in soils like temperature, moisture, nutrients, pH, texture and toxic elements.
This document discusses heavy metals, their properties, effects on living organisms and the environment, and methods for measuring and treating heavy metal toxicity. Heavy metals are naturally occurring but human activities have increased their levels. They can accumulate in organisms and cause damage even at low concentrations. The document outlines the health effects of several heavy metals like mercury, cadmium, and lead. It also discusses heavy metal contamination of plants, soil, water and indoor environments. Methods for detecting and removing heavy metals include atomic absorption spectrophotometry, chelation therapy and use of absorbents.
This article in the form of power point will guide you in understanding the the concept and applications of macro as well as micro nutrients in the soil.
effect of submergence in soils and its managementpreethi durairaj
油
Submergence of soils in water leads to several physical, biological, and chemical changes. Oxygen levels decrease as water replaces air in pore spaces, promoting anaerobic conditions. This allows reduction reactions to occur, changing soil properties like pH, redox potential, and nutrient availability. While phosphorus, potassium, iron, and manganese availability increases, nitrogen can be lost through leaching or denitrification if not properly managed, and sulfur, zinc and copper availability decreases overall. Careful water and nutrient management is needed for optimal crop growth in submerged soils.
Heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, chromium, and lead were discussed in the document. These metals can enter the environment from natural and human sources and persist indefinitely. While some heavy metals are essential in small amounts, higher concentrations can be toxic. Exposure to heavy metals can occur through food, water, air and cause health effects like organ damage and cancer. Current research studies analyzed heavy metal levels in foods, soils and plants in the Philippines and found levels exceeding safety limits.
The document discusses the history of understanding phosphorus use in agriculture and its importance as a nutrient for plant growth. It examines world phosphate reserves and how applied phosphorus interacts with soil properties, becoming either available or unavailable to plants over time. Several strategies are presented for improving phosphorus use efficiency in soils, including modifying soil properties, managing phosphorus sources, and optimizing application rates and timing.
This document discusses phytoremediation, which uses plants to clean contaminated sites. It describes how plants can uptake and remove heavy metals and other pollutants from soil and water through processes like phytoextraction, rhizofiltration, and phytovolatilization. Specific plant species that are used for different contaminants like Indian mustard for lead and water hyacinth for rhizofiltration are mentioned. The role of biotechnology in genetically engineering plants for improved phytoremediation is also covered.
This document discusses soil types and fertility management in Sri Lanka's dry zone. It describes the major soil types in the area, including Reddish Brown Earth (RBE) soils, Low Humic Gley soils, and issues affecting them like erosion, poor workability, and low fertility. It provides characteristics of RBE soils and discusses management practices to address depth limitations, erosion, workability, fertility, and irrigation on these soils. Salinity is also mentioned as a problem for some paddy soils in the dry zone, with causes and effects described.
Heavy metals are naturally occurring elements that are toxic or poisonous even in small amounts. They can accumulate in living things through bioaccumulation over time. Heavy metal pollution comes from both natural sources like volcanic activity as well as human sources such as industrial emissions, mining, sewage systems, and the use of pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture. Common heavy metals include mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, and lead, which can negatively impact both the environment and human health if they build up in the food chain.
This document presents information on subalpine and alpine forests. It describes subalpine forests as occurring above 11,000 feet, with a short growing season of 100-120 days and long, severe winters. Abies pindrow and Pinus wallichiana are dominant tree species. Alpine forests start where subalpine forests end, consisting of dense shrub formations up to 6 feet tall, with both deciduous and evergreen species. They are found in Kashmir, Gilgit, Chitral, and Hazara regions.
Vegetables are grown all over the world for human needs and proper supply nutritional supplement. Recently due to various anthropogenic activities such as mining, industrialization and agricultural activities like application of pesticides, fungicides and fertilizers, heavy metals are released in to the atmosphere, soil and water. These released heavy metals enter into the plant system through various physiological processes and it affects the plant growth and development. The concentration of heavy metals in the environment varies due to various activities and it becomes toxic when it reaches above the permissible limits. Accumulation of heavy metals occurs only when the vegetable crops are exposed to heavy metal contaminated environment, thus it enters into the food chain. When these heavy metals contaminated vegetables are consumed by human beings it causes various severe health ailments. In order to reduce the heavy metal toxicity, proper remediation steps have to be carried out in soil and irrigation water. Before consumption of any vegetables washing has to be done to reduce the adhered heavy metal particulates and through these simple steps we can remove the heavy metal adhered on the vegetable surface.
TSI's Nick Brown looks at the impact on our neighbours and wider environment from air quality. Particularly looks at why monitoring of dust particles is important and the methods of monitoring.
This document provides an overview of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) nutrition principles for plants. It discusses the essential roles of N, P, and K in plants including protein synthesis, energy production, photosynthesis, and growth. The key cycles and processes involving N, P, and K in soils are summarized, including mineralization, nitrification, fixation, leaching, precipitation, and adsorption. Soil testing methods and interpreting results for N, P, and K are covered. Commercial fertilizer sources of N, P, and K are also mentioned.
The term heavy metal refers to any metallic chemical element that has a relatively high density and is toxic or poisonous at low concentrations.
Heavy metals are Globally distributed
pollutants
Rotenone is a natural pesticide extracted from the roots and stems of several tropical plant species. It works by interfering with electron transport in mitochondria, which inhibits ATP production and creates reactive oxygen species. Rotenone has been used historically by indigenous groups to catch fish and is also used as an insecticide, though it is toxic to aquatic life and insects. While mildly toxic to humans, rotenone poisoning can be fatal with high doses and it degrades when exposed to sunlight.
This document summarizes a study on using the aquatic plant Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) to treat tannery effluent through phytoremediation. The study involved collecting tannery effluent samples, analyzing their physicochemical properties, treating the effluent with water hyacinth for 20 days, and re-analyzing the treated effluent. Key findings were that the water hyacinth significantly reduced parameters like pH, TDS, BOD, COD, and improved the overall quality of the effluent, demonstrating its potential for low-cost, effective phytoremediation of tannery wastewater.
First lab managers meeting of the South-East Asia Laboratory NETwork (SEALNET 2.0) - Quality improvement in Asian soil laboratories: towards standardization and harmonization of soil analyses and their interpretation, Bogor, Indonesia, 20 - 24 November 2017.
This document discusses chelate-assisted phytoextraction of metal contaminated soil. It begins by defining heavy metals and listing some common heavy metals like lead, chromium, arsenic, and zinc. It then discusses the properties and sources of heavy metals, as well as their effects on plants. The document outlines the hazardous effects of heavy metal contamination and the bioavailable forms of heavy metals in soil. It introduces phytoremediation as a remediation technology, discussing its history, processes, and techniques like phytoextraction. The document focuses on the limitations of using metal hyperaccumulator plants and introduces chelate-assisted phytoextraction using synthetic and natural chelating agents to enhance metal uptake in non-hyperaccumulator plants
Carbon sequestration involves capturing carbon dioxide emissions from large point sources like power plants and storing it long-term to mitigate climate change. There are three main carbon sequestration methods: terrestrial through plants and soils, geological by injecting CO2 underground, and ocean storage by injecting it deep into the ocean. While carbon sequestration could help reduce emissions, concerns include potential leakage of stored CO2 and impacts on ocean life from ocean storage. More research is still needed but carbon sequestration may prove effective if sites are carefully selected and monitored.
PHYTOREMEDIATION IN ENVT. MANAGEMENT - BIOTECHNOLGY ROLE...KANTHARAJAN GANESAN
油
It deals with, the various technologies involved in phytoremediation, mechanism, factors and biotechnology interventions for the improvement of remediation process etc...
This document discusses the biochemical composition and biodegradation of organic matter in soils. It describes the various components of soil organic matter including nitrogenous and non-nitrogenous organic compounds. It explains the roles of enzymes and microbes like fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes in decomposing different organic compounds such as proteins, cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, and lignin. Finally, it outlines several factors that affect the rate of organic matter decomposition in soils like temperature, moisture, nutrients, pH, texture and toxic elements.
Presentatie tijdens prijsuitreiking duurzaamste boer van Duurzaam Boer Blijven Drenthe. BV Boerenverstand presenteert een vernieuwende aanpak om melkveehouders te stimuleren hun duurzaamheidsprestaties te verbeteren.
際際滷s die de stand van zaken van de ontwikkeling van KPI's voor kringlooplandbouw weergeven. Voortbouwend op de Biodiversiteitsmonitoren melkvee en akkerbouw. En in samenhang met bijvoorbeeld nieuwe GLB.
Presentation Nederlandse Bodemkundige Vereniging 260620Frank Verhoeven
油
- A whole-farm strategy is needed to reduce the environmental impacts of nitrogen from agriculture. Focusing only on maximizing milk production per cow can cause problems, while optimizing the farm as a whole and using lower inputs has benefits for both the environment and the economy.
- One farmer in the Netherlands increased milk production from 700,000 kg to 1,200,000 kg from 1979 to 2017 while lowering purchased nitrogen fertilizers and concentrates through a focus on "low input" and improving income across the farm as a whole.
- An integrated set of key performance indicators (KPIs) can help stimulate farms to transition to more sustainable practices by rewarding higher scores across environmental, social, and economic areas of
Presentation @boerenverstand London 3/7/19 at the @AgriLondon & @HarperAdams...Frank Verhoeven
油
Circular agriculture -a bottom up approach
Presentation @boerenverstand London 3/7/19 at the @AgriLondon & @HarperAdamsUni seminar on #circularagriculture
2. 78% van de lucht
is stikstof
20% zuurstof
Hoe dum?
N2 + 3 H2 -> 2 NH3
Haber-Boschproces = ontdekking van de
kunstmest 1909 (kost 25% van ons aardgas)
4. Stikstofkringloop
Verliezen naar de lucht
Ammoniak (NH3)
Stikstofoxiden (NOx)
Lachgas (N2)
Verliezen naar bodem/water
Nitraat (NO3)
N-bodem overschot
6. Ammoniak (NH3)
De agrarische sector is de belangrijkste bron voor ammoniak in de lucht.
Ammoniak komt vrij uit stallen, mestopslagen, bij aanwending van (kunst)mest
op het land en tijdens beweiding.
NH3 ontstaat als mest en urine bij elkaar komen.
- stal emissies
- emissies bij mest aanwenden
- emissies in de weide
Ammoniak ontstaat uit ureum die in urine aanwezig is. Dit proces wordt versneld door het enzym urease. Urease zit in mest en wordt gemaakt door
micro-organismen. Ureum, die in urine aanwezig is, wordt op de stalvloer en in de mestkelder door het enzym urease omgezet in ammonium (NH4+).
Ammonium is in de vloeistoffase in evenwicht met ammoniak (NH3). Ammoniak kan vanuit de vloeistoffase overgaan naar de gasfase. De mate
waarin dit gebeurt, is afhankelijk van onder andere het verschil in ammoniakconcentratie, de temperatuur, de pH en de luchtsnelheid.
Zolang ureum niet is omgezet naar ammonium wordt er geen ammoniak gevormd.
Aandeel landbouw N depositie op natuur is 41% (RIVM) of 35% (Mesdag) of ??
10. Stikstof (ammoniak en nitraat) beleid
- Stallen emissiefactor voor stalsystemen,
vloeren (RAV codes) = sterke mate gekoppeld
aan vergunningen
- Aanwending van mest zodebemester en
uitrijdperiodes/voorwaarden
- Mestaanwendingsnormen (< 50 mg Nitraat)
Derogatie voor grasland
11. N via aankoop (kracht)voer
De (stikstof)kringloop op het bedrijf
N via aankoop kunstmest
N via afvoer melk en vlees
N organisch (faeces)
N mineraal (urine)
N (eiwit) van eigen land
N drijfmest
N compost
N (primair) gescheiden mest
N pissen in de weide
N mestflatten in de weide
N leverend vermogen
(hoe meer OS, hoe hoger)
N depositie
N binding (klaver)
12. > 20 jaar kringloopboeren
Eigenzinnige boeren: halen meer uit minder!
Weinig aankoop van krachtvoer en kunstmest
Geen maximale producties, maar optimale
Mest is niet het probleem, maar kunstmest en krachtvoer
Laten andere, vooral low-tech, oplossingen zien
Ze stellen de bodem binnen hun bedrijf centraal
combineren succesvol milieu & economie!
13. Natura 2000 (provinciaal)
Wet Ammoniak & Veehouderij
(provinciaal gemeentelijk)
Kader Richtlijn Water (waterschap)
Nitraatrichtlijn (Europees, landelijk)
BGM (besluit gebruik meststoffen)Besluit landbouw milieubeheer
Besluit huisvesting/
maatlat Duurzame Melkveehouderij
NEC-richtlijn (gemeente, NH3)
GLB (vergroening)
IPPC (>200 melkvee)
Klimaatbeleid
Derogatie (Europees, landelijk)
Omgevingsvergunning
(>200 melkvee)
Melkveewet (wet
grondgebonden groei)
Fosfaatrechten
NB vergunning (provinciaal)
Kringlooplandbouw in het beleid
KRINGLOOPWIJZER
???
15. 13
17
Fam. Hoeksma
Drogeham (Fr.)
van 800.000 kg
naar 1.200.000 kg melk
Een zoektocht naar minder inputs,
met verbetering van het inkomen!
Wat doen kringloopboeren?
Stikstof (kg N) aankoop kunstmest
Stikstof (kg N) aankoop (kracht)voer
16. Stikstofkringloop
434 + 238 = 672 mln kg N input
319 mln kg verlies
Dus halvering N inputs
krachtvoer en kunstmest
nodig!
19. Wat is kringlooplandbouw?
Het optimaliseren van het bedrijfsrendement in de brede zin, zoveel
mogelijk gebruik makend van eigen resources in evenwicht en met
respect voor de natuurlijke omgeving (bodem-, lucht-, water- en
natuurkwaliteit, landschappelijke waarde, klimaat en dierenwelzijn).
Erisman & Verhoeven, 2019
20. 40% eiwit (N) van eigen land
60% eiwit (N) aankoop
80% eiwit (N) van eigen land
20% eiwit (N) aankoop
Meer stikstof van eigen land?
Bron: Dirksen Management Support, cijfers 2018
26. Ammoniak - bron
Minder stal = meer weidegang
/ minder mest uitrijden
Primaire scheiding mest en urine
Minder N in het systeem via
krachtvoer en kunstmest
Minder dieren?
35. Behoefte aan sterke KPI stikstof
[externe inputs: (Krachtvoer*AF + Kunstmest*1 + overig*AF)]
[afvoer producten: (mest*AF + ruwvoer*AF + dierlijke
producten + plantaardige producten)]
AF = AfstandsFactor
Wat er niet in komt, komt er niet uit!
37. Doel is niet uitblinken op 辿辿n thema,
maar een goed evenwicht vinden tussen alle themas
37
Het is de uitdaging om dat evenwicht te vinden
Daar is vakmanschap en lef voor nodig
39. Integraal denken en doen!
Eenvoud terug: stikstof, wat er niet in komt, komt er
niet uit + als mest en urine niet bij elkaar komen
ontstaat er minder reactieve stikstof
(Overheden) dezelfde taal spreken via doelen (KPIs)
Belonen ipv straffen (starten met stikstof en klimaat) en
stapelen met bedrijfsleven
Gezamenlijk leren van de kringloopboeren, want het
gebeurt gewoon al!
Wat zou ik graag zien gebeuren?