The document discusses operators in C programming. It defines an operator as something that specifies an operation to yield a value by joining variables, constants, or expressions. There are different types of operators that fall into categories like arithmetic, assignment, increment/decrement, relational, logical, conditional, comma, and bitwise. Relational operators specifically compare values of two expressions based on their relation and evaluate to 1 for true or 0 for false. Some examples of relational operators are less than, greater than, less than or equal to, and greater than or equal to.