Renal system Imaging.pptx
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This document discusses two modalities for imaging the renal system: intravenous pyelogram (IVP) and DTPA scan. IVP uses x-rays to anatomically image the urinary tract after injecting contrast media, but exposes patients to higher radiation. DTPA scan uses a radioactive tracer to evaluate renal function and perfusion with gamma cameras, requiring no bowel prep and exposing patients to much less radiation. While IVP is useful for detecting disorders affecting the urinary tract, DTPA scan is the modality of choice as it provides functional information on glomerular filtration rate and kidney blood flow with a significantly lower radiation dose.
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Video Link: https://youtu.be/HXeq6utg7iQ
For a more in-depth discussion of this presentation, please visit the full blog post at the following link: https://rajdeepbavaliya2.blogspot.com/2025/04/thoreau-s-influence-on-gandhi-the-evolution-of-civil-disobedience.html
Please visit this blog to explore additional presentations from this season:
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#CivilDisobedience #ThoreauToGandhi #NonviolentResistance #Satyagraha #Transcendentalism #SocialJustice #HistoryUncovered #GandhiLegacy #ThoreauInfluence #PeacefulProtest
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civil disobedience, Thoreau, Gandhi, Satyagraha, nonviolent protest, transcendentalism, moral resistance, Gandhi Thoreau connection, social change, political philosophyFilipino 9 Maikling Kwento Ang Ama Panitikang Asiyano
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BLUF:
The Texas outbreak has slowed down, but sporadic cases continue to emerge in Kansas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico.
Elsewhere in the US, we continue to see signs of acceleration due to outbreaks outside the Southwest (North Dakota, Montana, and Colorado) and travel-related cases. Measles exposures due to travel are expected to pose a significant challenge throughout the summer.
The U.S. is on track to exceed its 30-year high for measles cases (1,274) within the next two weeks.
Here is the latest update:
CURRENT CASE COUNT: 919
Texas: 744 (+2) (55% of cases are in Gaines County).
New Mexico: 81 (83% of cases are from Lea County).
Oklahoma: 20 (+2)
Kansas: 74 (+5) (38.89% of the cases are from Gray County).
HOSPITALIZATIONS: 104
Texas: 96 (+2) This accounts for 13% of all cases in Texas.
New Mexico: 7 This accounts for 9.47% of all cases in New Mexico.
Kansas: 3 This accounts for 5.08% of all cases in the state of Kansas.
DEATHS: 3
Texas: 2 This is 0.27% of all cases in Texas.
New Mexico: 1 This is 1.23% of all cases in New Mexico.
US NATIONAL CASE COUNT: 1,197
INTERNATIONAL SPREAD
Mexico: 2337 (+257), 5 fatalities
Chihuahua, Mexico: 2,179 (+239) cases, 4 fatalities, 7 currently hospitalized.
Canada: 3,207 (+208), 1 fatality
Ontario Outbreak, Canada: 2,115 (+74) cases, 158 hospitalizations, 1 fatality.
Alberta, Canada: 879(+118) cases, 5 currently hospitalized.YSPH VMOC Special Report - Measles Outbreak Southwest US 6-14-2025.pptx
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Renal system Imaging.pptx
- 1. Renal System Modality of choice for Imaging Nasir Mohiuddin MSc Nuclear Medicine
- 3. Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP) It's the radiographic examination of the urinary tract including renal parenchyma, calyces, and pelvis after IV injection of contrast media. An IVP shows the anatomical position of the urinary tract, and it can evaluate collecting system of kidneys.
- 4. Patient preparation Equipment's Computed Radiography/ Fluoroscopy X Ray table, Binder Syringe(50ml), IV scalp vein, Contrast Media (Non Ionic). Bowel Preparation Laxatives (Dulcolax) History of DM/renal disease, allergy to drugs & CM Fasting(4-6 Hr.) & Hydrated Verify the patient, LMP(f) & KFT consent, explain the Procedure.
- 5. Procedure Patient is placed in the supine position on the X ray table or under fluoroscopy. A scout KUB film is taken. CM is given IV in a bolus, test inj.(1ml) Adequate Collimation should be used. Low KV(70-90) high MA(600- 1000) & short exposure technique is used.
- 7. Contraindications Pregnancy Iodine Sensitivity Several history of Anaphylaxis Allergy to drugs Compression is contraindicated (Abdominal trauma, surgery, aneurysm & mass).
- 8. Renal Scintigraphy Tc99m- DTPA Diethylenetriaminepentaaceticacid Radionuclide- Tc-99m tagged with Radiopharmaceutical-DTPA Half life- 6hrs. Type- generator produced Gamma ray emission, Energy- 140Kev It's used to assess renal function after injecting the Radiopharmaceutical. Dynamic Scan, Mechanism of Action....(100% filtration)
- 9. Indications Evaluation for Renal artery stenosis, obstruction, & trauma, Evaluation of renal tubular function and perfusion (GFR) for blood flow, Split function. Evaluation of renal obstructive nephropathy(HDN study), Evaluation of unexplained renal dysfunction, Detection of acute tubular necrosis, Evaluation of a kidney transplant. Contraindication. Pregnancy, lactating mother
- 10. Patient Preparation Patient- Well hydrated History of patient Check- Height & Weight of patient Frequent voiding of bladder Catheterization & PCN Clamping.
- 11. Preparation of Radiopharmaceutical, Procedure Count the syringe activity before and after injection under gamma camera or dose calibrator. Place patient in supine position, Position patient include FOV. Bolus IV-injection, Start the scan.
- 12. Equipment Gamma Camera Collimator(LEHR), Computer Set-Up: Flow 1sec/frame(120se c), 20- 60sec/frame
- 13. Protocol Posterior view(routine), Anterior view (transplant evaluation), Diuretic protocol. Image Acquisition (P1, perfusion) Dynamic uptake and excretion images (P2 diuretic). Delayed static images Image Processing Draw ROI's, Generate TAC, Differential Renal function GFR/ERPF Calculation.
- 18. Hydronephrotic left kidney showing impaired perfusion and cortical uptake (denoting impaired function), Uprising renogram curve (red curve) s/o left obstructive drainage. Rt kidney shows normal function & non obstructive drainage (green curve).
- 19. Comparision of Radiation dose, Effective Dose ! IVP Imaging : 2-5 mSv (01hr) DTPA Scan : 0.01-0.05 mSv(30min)
- 20. Conclusion IVP imaging Radiolgical procedure, X Rays are used. Radiations are given to patient. Evaluation to see disorders that affect urinary tract & calculi Patient is given preparation More Contraindications Radiation dose > ^ Modality of Choice. DTPA-Scan Nuclear Scan Gamma Rays are used. Patient is emitting the radiations Functional study of kidneys, GFR calculation, split function. No patient preparation. No such contraindication. Very less radiation dose Best Choice to evaluate Renal System.
- 21. ThankYou
Editor's Notes
- #5: Patient preparation On the date of Appointment (DOA), On the day of Examination (DOE)