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Submitted by: Christian John D.C. Lachica
Submitted to: Angelica DeGuzman

The scientists discovered water along with volatile elements in lunar magma trapped inside of crystals that are
trapped inside of tiny volcanic glass beads returned to Earth by Apollo 17. The discovery, published in the May
26 Science Express, challenges assumptions of how the moon formed and the origin of frozen water at the lunar
poles. "These samples provide the best window we have to the amount of water in the interior of the Moon," said
James Van Orman, professor of geological sciences at Case Western Reserve and an author of the paper. "The
interior seems to be pretty similar to the interior of the Earth, from what we know about water abundance." In
fact, the researchers found the concentrations of water and volatile elements including fluorine, chlorine and
sulfur in lunar magma are nearly identical to concentrations in solidified magma from primitive terrestrial mid-
ocean ridges on Earth. The discovery strengthens the theory that the moon and Earth have a common origin but
forces scientists to reconsider the current theory of the process: that a huge impact in Earth's early history
ejected material into orbit that became the moon. Part of the origin theory says that water and other volatile
elements and compounds were depleted due to the heat and violence of the impact. This research indicates
otherwise and provides new clues to the process of lunar formation.

The moon is about 238,900 miles (384,000 km) from Earth on average. At its closest approach (the lunar
perigee) the moon is 221,460 miles (356,410 km) from the Earth. At its farthest approach (its apogee) the
moon is 252,700 miles (406,700 km) from the Earth.

The moon revolves around the Earth in about one month (27 days 8 hours). It rotates around its own axis in the
same amount of time. The same side of the moon always faces the Earth; it is in a synchronous rotation with the
Earth.

The Moon's orbit is expanding over time as it slows down (the Earth is also slowing down as it loses energy). For
example, a billion years ago, the Moon was much closer to the Earth (roughly 200,000 kilometers) and took only
20 days to orbit the Earth. Also, one Earth 'day' was about 18 hours long (instead of our 24 hour day). The tides
on Earth were also much stronger since the moon was closer to the Earth.

This Diagram shows us the movement of the Moon in our planet

The New moon is when the moon is all dark. None of the moon that we can see is lit up during
the new moon.
A Crescent moon is when the moon is between the new and quarter moon stages. It looks like
a "C" shape.
The Quarter moon is when half of the moon is visible. If the moon is waxing, it is called
the first quarter, if the moon is waning, it is the last quarter
A Gibbous moon is between the quarter and full moon stages. More than half of the moon can
be seen, but not all of it.
The Full moon is when the moon is all lit up. All of the moon that we can see is lit up by the
Sun during the full moon.
A second full moon in one calendar month is usually called a blue moon. The saying "Once in a
blue moon" refers to something that does not happen often - like a blue moon.[1][2]

There are 8 moon phases.

Waxing is when the part of the moon
that we can see gets bigger every
night. It waxes until it is a full moon.
Waning is when the moon appears to
be getting smaller in size every night.
It wanes until it is a new moon.

↑ However, a blue moon can also refer to the third full moon in a season with four full moons.
↑ Sinnott, Roger W., Donald W. Olson, and Richard Tresch Fienberg (May 1999). "What's a Blue
Moon?". Sky & Telescope. Retrieved 2008-02-09. "The trendy definition of "blue Moon" as the
second full Moon in a month is a mistake."

The moon rises and sets every day, appearing on the horizon just like the sun. The time
depends on the phase of the moon. It rises about 30 to 70 minutes later each day than
the previous day, so the moon is out during daytime as often is it's out at night. At the
time of the new moon, the moon rises at about the same time the sun rises, and it sets
at about the same time the sun sets. As the days go by (as it waxes to become a
crescent moon, a half moon, and a gibbous moon, on the way to a full moon), the moon
rises during daytime (after the sun rises), rising later each day, and it sets at
nighttime, setting later and later each night. At the full moon, the times of moonrise and
moonset have advanced so that the moon rises about the same time the sun sets, and
the moon sets at about the same time the sun rises. As the moon wanes (becoming a
half moon and a crescent moon, on the way to a new moon), the moon rises during the
night, after sunset, rising later each night. It then sets in the daytime, after the sun
rises. Eventually, the moon rises so late at night that it's actually rising around
sunrise, and it's setting around sunset. That's when it's a new moon once again.

Moon Phases
The Earth and moon are partially lighted at all times, but the moon is not always seen at full phase
because of the location of the moon with respect to the Sun and Earth. Observers standing on Earth
see different phases of the moon or differing percents of of the lighted side of the moon. There are
eight different phases that an observer on Earth would see during one month. They are, listed in order
of appearance, New Moon, New Crescent, First Quarter, New Gibbous, Full Moon, Old Gibbous, Last
Quarter, and Old Crescent.

The New Moon is observed when the moonis directly in line with the Sun and Earth. The moon is
interfering with the lighted side of the Earth and therefore cannot be seen by an observer on Earth
because the moon's dark side is facing Earth. Occasionallythe moon's orbit will intersect the Earth's
plane of revolution, which is called a node position and is in a perfect line between theEarth and the
Sun. When this occurs, a viewer on Earth will observethe Sun slowly disappear because the moon
obscures the Sun from view. This unusual occurrence is called a solar eclipse.

The Waxing Crescent phase is the second phase. The New Crescent Moon appears
approximately 2.66 days after the new moon (Alter, pg. 4). During this phase, the moon is still
very close in line with the sun, there fore, by the time the sky is dark enough to see the moon
it is very low in the west.

the First Quarter moon is visible this means the moon is directly in line so that the Earth and
moon both are getting the same amount of sunlight. An observer from Earth sees a half
moon, therefore, the moon's side that is facing the Sun is observedon Earth and the other half
of the moon is facing away from the Sun and is unable to be seen from Earth.

Waxing gibbous, After the new moon, the sunlit portion is increasing, but less than
half, so it is waxing crescent. After the first quarter, the sunlit portion is still
increasing, but now it is more than half

full moon, the earth, moon, and sun are in approximate alignment, just as the new
moon, but the moon is on the opposite side of the earth, so the entire sunlit part of the
moon is facing us. The shadowed portion is entirely hidden from view.

Waning gibbous, After the full moon (maximum illumination), the light continually
decreases. So the waning gibbous phase occurs next

The Third quarter and First quarter moons (both often called a "half
moon"), happen when the moon is at a 90 degree angle with respect to the earth and
sun. So we are seeing exactly half of the moon illuminated and half in shadow.

Waning Crescent following the Third quarter. which wanes until the light is
completely gone -- a new moon.

 I. Write True if the statement is correct if wrong write the correct answer.

 1.) -The moon revolves around the Earth in about one month (27 days 6 hours). It rotates around its own axis in the same amount of time. The
same side of the moon always faces the Earth; it is in a synchronous rotation with the Earth.
 2.) -Moon has no water.
 3.) -The moon has 8 phases.
 4.) -A blue moon can also refer to the third full moon in a season with four full moons.
 5.) -The moon was appearing in the horizon like the sun.

 1.)27 days and 8 hrs.
 2.)Moon has water
 3.)True
 4.)True
 5.)True

 II. Identify the following words

 1.) -the earth, moon, and sun are in approximate alignment, just as the new moon, but the moon is on the opposite side of the earth, so the
entire sunlit part of the moon is facing us. The shadowed portion is entirely hidden from view.

 2.) -following the Third quarter. which wanes until the light is completely gone -- a new moon.

 3.) -is observed when the moon is directly in line with the Sun and Earth. The moon is interfering with the lighted side of the Earth and
therefore cannot be seen by an observer on Earth because the moon's dark side is facing Earth.

 4.) -appears approximately 2.66 days after the new moon. During this phase, the moon is still very close in line with the sun, there fore, by the
time the sky is dark enough to see the moon it is very low in the west.

 5.) -moon is visible this means the moon is directly in line so that the Earth and moon both are getting the same amount of sunlight. An
observer from Earth sees a half moon, therefore, the moon's side that is facing the Sun is observedon Earth and the other half of the moon is facing
away from the Sun and is unable to be seen from Earth.

 1.)Full Moon
 2.)Waning Crescent
 3.)New Moon
 4.)Waxing Crescent
 5.)1st Quarter

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