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Sensemaking and 安温霞鍖n糸庄稼乙:
Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
World IA Day - Minneapolis
02.22.2020
You are
Awesome!
Todays Topics
 Sensemaking

 安温霞鍖n糸庄稼乙

 Complexity (Complex Adaptive Systems)

 Why IA is Essential

 Ethical Practice
Essential IA
Essential Iowa
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Dumpster Fire!
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
The Iowa Idea:
Theory, Practice, and History
Iowa - Minnesota Connection
Ernie Bormann
Folwell Hall
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Complicated vs. Complex
An increasingly complex world demands
essential and ethical IA practices.
Sensemaking & 安温霞鍖n糸庄稼乙
Providing explanations and direction.
Past Present Future
 There have always been IA and
design challenges
 Relatively straight forward
 Self-contained
 Complicated, but not complex
 Growing complexity and
interconnectedness
 CX Stagnation
 MarTech backlash
 Data rich, information poor
 Great opportunities for IA, UX
 Embrace IA and design principles
 Creative Problem Solving
 Diagnose and address complex
problems
 Responsible and ethical practice
Time
Uncertainty
FuturePresentPast
Librarians: The OG IAs
Essential IA
Audience
ContextContent
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking
Framing and Acting in the Unknown.
Sensemaking
 Structuring and framing the unknown; giving meaning to
something

 Sensemaking is the activity that enables us to turn the
ongoing complexity of the world into a situation that is
comprehended explicitly in words and that serves
as a springboard into action (Weick, et al 2005)
Collaboratively make sense
of the unknown.
Explore a
Wider System
Map
the
System
Sensemaking
Act in the
System to
Learn from It
- Deborah Ancona, MIT-Sloan School of Management
"Do not simply overlay your existing framework on
a new situation. The new situation may be very
different. Instead, let the appropriate map or
framework emerge from your understanding of the
situation.
 Jay Forrester
Counterintuitive Behavior of Social Systems
"In other words, the known and intended practices of the
organization are suf鍖cient to create the dif鍖culties being
experienced. Usually, problems are blamed on outside
forces, but a dynamic analysis often shows how internal
policies are causing the troubles. In fact, a downward spiral
can develop in which the presumed solutions make the
dif鍖culties worse and thereby cause greater incentives to
redouble the very actions that are the causes of trouble.油
TL;DR managers can usually identify the
problem; its in the companys control; but they
push the lever in the wrong direction.
Sensemaking: Alan Arnet
Using

Patterns
Makes

Sense
Make

New

Sense
Exploring

Speci鍖cs
Three Team Questions:
1. What are we solving?

2. Where are we heading? 

3. How might we get there?
When confronting what
doesnt make sense:
1. Ignore / Not Recognize

2. Recognize

3. Dig In

4. Misdiagnose
Feedback Delays.
Response Times.
安温霞鍖n糸庄稼乙
Goal-Oriented Direction
安温霞鍖n糸庄稼乙
Majority of Usability Issues Tied to 安温霞鍖n糸庄稼乙
安温霞鍖n糸庄稼乙 Principles
 Orientation

 Consistent Language & Patterns 

 Learnable (internally consistent)

 Familiar (similar other common patterns)

 Progressive Disclosure

 Limited Choice

 Well Structured Paths
安温霞鍖n糸庄稼乙 is on ongoing
negotiation of meaning.
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Complexity
Complex problems dont yield to previous
best practices.
Simple  Easy
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Strategic DoingTM
Strategy should answer two questions:

 Where are we going?

 How do we get there?
Tame
vs.
Wicked
Technical
vs.
Complex Adaptive
Technical
(Tame)
Adaptive
(Wicked)
Problem de鍖nition is clear; solution is clear Both problem de鍖nition and solution are unclear
Leader or expert provides solution
Responsibility for the solution resides within the
followers; the leaders joins the followers in
exploring for solutions
Solutions are cut and dried and can be
implemented quickly
Solutions require experiments and continuous
learning; solutions can take time to develop and
implement
From the Strategic Doing Practitioners Field Guide
Complex Systems
Dont Yield to Previous
Best Practices.
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Symptoms
 Declining marketshare

 Shrinking pro鍖ts / margin

 Wonky behavior
Frustration.
Interpersonal and Intrapersonal.
Team tools for wicked problems Michael Pacanowsky.

Organizational Dynamics Vol 23, Issue 3
IA is Your Superpower!
Audience
ContextContent
Communication
Meaning is negotiated.
Reality is created
symbolically.
Source Channel ReceiverMessage Message
Feedback
Feedback
NOISE
Meaning.
Motive.
Emotion.
Identity.
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Reduce Uncertainty.
Manage Expectations.
Generate Positive Energy.
Novelty and Redundancy.
Science and Art.
Information Architecture
IA is Essential.
Essential IA
Make things understandable.

Empathy throughout the ecosystem.

Optimize for context.
Essential IA
Audience
ContextContent
Essential IA
Audience
ContextContent
 Jay Forrester
We all use models.
 George Box
All models are wrong. Some are useful.
Deep Insights
Essential IA
Audience
ContextContent
Business Goals.
Think.
Feel.
Do.
Point of View.
Essential IA
Audience
ContextContent
Environmental Complexity

Principles and Facts

Framing and Narrative
Bill Israel

赫温姻鍖e鉛糸 Minus 赫温姻鍖e鉛糸
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Ethics
Designers are responsible for what they
put forth in the world.
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Psychological
Safety
Love
Esteem
Self-
Actualization
Do
This
NotThat
H/T Kim Goodwin
Kim Goodwin at IAC19
Anti Patterns & Dark Patterns
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Ontological

Epistemological 

Axiological
Learning
Innovating Collaborating
Creative Problem Solving:
Four Capabilities to Address Complex Adaptive Systems
Communicating
 Kurt Vonnegut
We are what we pretend to be, so we must
be careful about what we pretend to be.
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
 Abby Covert
Practicing information architecture means
exhibiting the courage to push past the
edges of your current reality. It means
asking questions that inspire change. It
takes honesty and con鍖dence in other
people.
@inspiredbyspark
/inspired-by-spark
www.inspiredbyspark.com
/mrmatthewarnold
@A_Matt_Arnold
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Appendix
References
 How to Make Sense of Any Mess, Abby Covert

 Sensemaking, Deborah Ancona

 Living with Complexity, Don Norman

 The Half Life of Facts, Samuel Arbesman

 Strategic Doing, Ed Morrison et al.

 Counterintuitive Nature of Social Systems, Jay Forrester

 Team Tools for Wicked Problems, Michael Pacanowsky

 Understanding Context, Andrew Hinton

 Ruined by Design, Mike Monterio

 Design Non鍖ction (documentary series by Tellart)
Sensemaking & Wayfinding: Why IA is Essential When Navigating Complex Systems
Information as Material
World IA Day 2020
An increasingly complex world demands essential and ethical IA practices.

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