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Seven Wonders of The Ancient World.pptx
- 1. Crash Course : Seven Wonders of The Ancient World written by Zarwan Hamdi from 4 Omega
- 2. Seven Wonders of The Ancient World
- 3. Temple of Artemis The temple was located In Ephesus which is an ancient city in what is now western Turkey. The temple, originally constructed to celebrate Artemis, the Greek goddess of the hunt, became a revered place of worship. It went through several phases of destruction and rebuilding. The most famous iteration, completed in 550 B.C.E.. It was about 115 meters long, 55 meters wide, included 127 Ionic-style columns, and was decorated with fine sculptures and paintings. Its final destruction was initiated by Herostratus, who sought fame by destroying the beautiful creation. Its ruin by Herostratus and the ravages of time have obliterated all but a few remains of the grand temple. Despite being named one of the Seven Ancient Wonders, there is not much firsthand evidence that the gardens actually existed. Those who claimed to have witnessed the gardens, including Greek historians Strabo and Diodorus Siculus, described them as marvels of agricultural engineering. An amazing array of blooming flowers, luscious fruit, exotic foliage, and impressive waterfalls were said to have filled them. The hanging gardens were believed to have been built around 600 B.C.E., by Nebuchadnezzar II, who ruled Babylonia from 605562 B.C.E. Hanging Garden of Babylon Egypt's pharaohs expected to become gods in the afterlife. To prepare for the next world, they erected temples to the gods and massive pyramid tombs for themselves which filled with all the things each ruler would need to guide and sustain himself in the next world. Pharaoh Khufu began the first Giza pyramid project, around 2550 B.C. His Great Pyramid is the largest in Giza and towers some 147 meters above the table land. Its estimated 2.3 million stone blocks each weigh an average of 2.5 to 15 tons. Khufu's son, Pharaoh Khafre, built the second pyramid at Giza, around 2520 B.C. which also included the Sphinx, a mysterious limestone monument with the body of a lion and a pharaoh's head. The Sphinx may stand sentinel for the pharaoh's entire tomb complex. The third of the Giza Pyramids is considerably smaller than the first two. Built by Pharaoh Menkaure around 2490 B.C., it featured a much more complex mortuary temple. Each massive pyramid is but one part of a larger complex, including a palace, temples, solar boat pits, and other features. Great Pyramid of Giza
- 4. Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Among the most impressive structures to house the deceased was the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus. The mausoleum was designed between 353 and 350 B.C.E. by the Greek architects Satyrus and Pythis. It was created for Maussollos, a governor in the Persian Empire, and his wife and sister Artemisia II of Caria, who initiated its construction upon her husbands death. The mausoleum stood approximately 41 meters high and was adorned with intricate exterior carvings and precious works of art. Despite standing for centuries and even surviving a raid by Alexander of Macedonia, a series of earthquakes finally rocked it to its core. All that remains are a few scattered pieces of its foundation. Lighthouse of Alexandria This ancient lighthouse, considered a technical masterpiece that served as the model for all lighthouses. It was constructed on Pharos, an island in the harbor of Alexandria in Egypt, known as Kemet by its ancient citizens. It was completed between 285 and 247 B.C.E. Standing over 107 meters tall and conceived as a navigational landmark for voyagers along the Egyptian coast, the lighthouse was constructed in three distinct stages which is a square stone base, an octagonal middle section and a cylindrical section at the top. At the apex, a mirror was erected to reflect sunlight during the day. At night, a fire was lit to guide travelers. The Lighthouse of Alexandria was severely damaged by earthquakes in 965 C.E., 1303 C.E., and 1323 C.E. It was completely gone by 1480 C.E. Today, visitors to the site where the lighthouse stood encounter the Egyptian fort Qaitbay, which was built using some of the stones from the lighthouse ruins.
- 5. Colossus of Rhodes Visitors to ancient Rhodes, an island in the eastern Aegean Sea, were greeted by a statue of the Greek god Helios. Erected between 292 and 280 B.C.E. by the sculptor Chares of Lindos, and standing at about 33 meters, the statue was a victory monument designed to honor the defeat of the invading army of Demetrius in 304 B.C.E. After standing for only 56 years, an earthquake destroyed the statue in 224 B.C.E. Despite snapping at the knees and falling onto the island, the ruins remained a popular attraction for more than 800 years. It took the most renowned sculptor of the ancient era, Phidias. It was built to create a statue worthy of celebrating the fabled god, Zeus. Housed in the Temple of Zeus at Olympia in western Greece, the statue showed Zeus seated on a throne crusted in gold, precious gems, ivory, and ebony. Zeus held a statue of Nike, the goddess of victory, in his right hand. A scepter topped with an eagle was held in his left hand. Many of those who gazed upon the 12-meter statue commented that the proportions of Zeus inside the temple were off. Regardless, the statue was revered by most as a stunning earthly representation of the great god that filled passersby with awe until it was destroyed in an earthquake in the fifth century B.C.E. Statue of Zeus
Editor's Notes
- #3: when we talk about the SWOTAW we would always obviously wondering or being curious towards a certain random structure, building or relics that seems rather unique , rare, old or ancient. these structures mark the early civilization of humanity in those certain places they inhibits. civilization is ... (definition). by referring to these definition, we could understand and learn how technology evolve till this day and how we could apply it to our daily life. And this is the location of all thSWOTAW