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Shangshad Bhaban
- 1. National Assembly Building Louis I. Khan
- 2. Govt. of Pakistan decided to built the second capital in Dhaka and thats why assembly building was suggested to built in 1959 At first Muzharul Islam got proposal to design. But He referred it to his mentor Louis I. Kahn 1962 to do significant work for future generation Muzharul Islam assisted Kahn at the project. The project is completed in 28 January, 1982 Located in the capital of Bangladesh Dhaka Standing on the area of 3,400,000 sqm. One of the largest legislative complexes in the world. It houses all parliamentary activities of Bangladesh. It is one of the twentieth century's greatest architectural monuments, and is without question Kahn's magnum opus. -- Robert McCarter
- 3. Kahn combined both vernacular and monumental archetypes of the region Use abstraction and transformation to a degree of utter purity-- ideas from many eras and civilization The core of the composition is the assembly chamber and the library.
- 4. Concept Louis I. Kahn designed this building in modern architectural style. Modernist in principle optimizing the use of space while representing Bangladeshi heritage and culture Character of the context a symbol of democracy and pride for the Bengali people Peoples spirituality Riverine Bangladesh
- 5. The main building (the Bhaban) is divided into three parts: - The Main Plaza - South Plaza - Presidential Plaza The main building is at the center of the complex. The outer parts of the complex include the MP hostel. An intricately designed lake surrounds the main building. The Main Plaza Presidential Plaza South Plaza
- 6. Plan 12 7 4 5 6 3 4 4 4 1. Assembly Hall 2. Mosque 3. Ablution court 4. Office 5. Minister lounge 6. Dining and Recreation 7. Entrance to presidential plaza
- 7. Section
- 8. Main Plaza It is the parliament chamber Can house 354 members Also has two podiums and two galleries for VIP visitors. Total height 155 After 117 a parabolic shell roof cover the chamber. Upper levels of the block contains the visitor and press galleries, as well as communication booths
- 9. This chandelier in turn consists of a metallic web It is spanning the entire chamber, that supports the individual light fixtures. To let the day light enter, reflecting from the surrounded walls and filters into the assembly chamber Artificial lighting provide zero obstruction to daylight A composite chandelier is suspended from parabolic shell roof. There is a single story clearance after the shell roof
- 10. There are other 8 halls height of 120, concentrically aligned around the parliamentary grand chamber It also is part of Kahns design objectives optimizing spatial configurations where the supporting programs project out of the center volume 8 halls contain --- offices, hotels for parliamentary officials, and a restaurant
- 11. South plaza Faces the Manik Mia Avenue. Gradually rises to 20 Serves as the main entrance This entrance is used by the members during sessions
- 12. Presidential plaza Lies to the North Faces the lake road Serves as the intimate plaza for the MPs and other dignitaries Contains marble steps, a gallery and an open pavement
- 13. Kahn designed The complex as the necklace in the neck of Bangladesh Where The assembly building is the pendent in that necklace.
- 14. All the building of the complex is made of red brick White concrete is used for assembly building All the materials are local and very easily available here
- 15. Lake surrounded the three sides of the building represents riverine Bangladesh It also enhances the beauty by reflecting the elevations Kahn was deeply affected by the presence of water in Dhaka. When he first came he was taken on a boat ride. And his first sketches were of boats on the river. --- Kazi Khaleed Ashraf,
- 16. Kahns trip to Italy and Egypt cast a great impact in his work and in this design also The massive walls of this building is the influence of the Roman Bath of Karakala He also considered to in corporate mosque in the form of a pyramid into the complex But it didnt work as the co- workers hated the idea But He didnt give up . At noon the building cast pyramid shaped shadows
- 17. The mosque Kahn designed the prayer hall of the building as a mosqoue Being inspired form our spiritual belief, he let the light flood in Made it the entrance of the building Square in plan 4 cylinders at each corners, allows daylight to enter, called light tower he let the light flood into the mosque Light from the Heaven Diffuse light into the prayer hall creates a much stronger experience of spirituality The Mosque is shifted to better face Mecca Thick exterior walls keep the concentration within the prayer hall and allow any outside destructions Light Tower
- 18. Mosque Roof Mosque Interior Wall
- 19. Exterior Walls Shape of the Large punches on the exterior walls came from the geometrical representation of our cultural and traditional element. Such as pottery, house, weaving element. These punches also give the building a single story look. Providing protection from sun and rain. Helps to ensure comfortable interior environment
- 20. Cool air comes off the artificial lake to Cool down the interior of the building Kahn designed the assembly hall within simple forms and shapes to provide a vocabulary that could easily be incorporated into any design for the buildings of Bangladesh
- 21. Only 5 feet of concrete could be hand poured by the cities people a day. Because of this Kahn placed bands of marble after each days pour in order to hide the lines between each level Marble bands are positioned every 5 to hide the imperfections of the exposed concrete Transition to sublte verticle lines frome original V shapes due to inadequate results
- 22. 5 concrete fill Building Envelop Building Envelop Large clerestory window allows for ample amount of diffuse light to filter into the assembly hall Structural Detail The entire complex is fabricated out of poured in place concrete with inlaid white marble He gives the essence of spirituality in the structure also. As light is the holiness and positive sprite in our belief, he structure the building as s giver of light. Exposed concrete Marble Beam Aluminum 50
- 23. In Louis Kahn's own words: In the assembly I have introduced a light-giving element to the interior of the plan. If you see a series of columns you can say that the choice of columns is a choice in light. The columns as solids frame the spaces of light. Now think of it just in reverse and think that the columns are hollow and much bigger and that their walls can themselves give light, then the voids are rooms, and the column is the maker of light and can take on complex shapes and be the supporter of spaces and give light to spaces. I am working to develop the element to such an extent that it becomes a poetic entity which has its own beauty outside of its place in the composition. In this way it becomes analogous to the solid column I mentioned above as a giver of light. It was not belief, not design, not pattern, but the essence from which an institution could emerge...
- 24. Interior Spaces In the interior spaces, street lights are used to give a feel of out side in the inside.
- 26. This building wins Aga Khan Award in 1979. The jury noted that the architect has produced a building that "while universal in its sources of forms, aesthetics, and technologies, could be in no other place."
- 27. Reference: http://www.archdaily.com/83071/ad-classics-national-assembly-building-of-bangladesh-louis-kahn https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jatiya_Sangsad_Bhaban http://www.folklife.si.edu/talkstory/2015/the-father-the-son-and-an-almost-holy-architectural-masterpiece- in-bangladesh/ https://www.yatzer.com/even-brick-wants-be-something-louis-kahn http://architectuul.com/architecture/national-assembly-building-of-bangladesh http://www.akdn.org/architecture/project/national-assembly-building http://www.oxfordartonline.com/public/page/lessons/KahnLesson5 http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/about-parliament/architect-and-parliament http://www.bangladesh.com/blog/the-grand-architecture-of-jatiyo-sangsad-bhaban https://nijhoom.com/bangladesh-national-parliament/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095263514000041
- 28. Thank You All