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Power Series Analysis of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer
Conjecture
¡Þ
¡Æ (n+1) cn+1 (s-1)(n+1)-1
n=0
=(1)c(1)(s-1)0
+(2)c(2)(s-1)(1)
+(3)c(3)(s-1)(2)
¡­
(n+1)cn+1 = cn, n= 0,1,2,3,¡­,
Or cn+1 = cn/(n+1)
Hence
c(1)=c(0), c(2)=c(1)/2, c(3)=c(2)/3
=(1)c(0)(s-1)0
+(2)/2 c(1)(s-1)1
+(3)/3 c(2)(s-1)2
¡­
¡Þ
= c(0) (s-1)0
+ c(1)(s-1)1
+ c(2) (s-1)2
¡­ = ¡Æ cn (s-1)n
n=0
¡Þ
¡Æ n cn(s-1)n-1
= (1)c(1)(s-1)0
+(2) c(2)(s-1)(1)
+(3)c(3)(s-1)2
n=1
c(1)=c(0), c(2)=c(1)/2, c(3)=c(2)/3
=(1)c(0)(s-1)0
+ (2)/2 c(1)(s-1)(1)
+ (3)/3c(2)(s-1)(2)
¡­
¡Þ
c(0) (s-1)0
+ c(1)(s-1)1
+ c(2) (s-1)2
¡­ = ¡Æ cn (s-1)n
n=0
Thus,
¡Þ ¡Þ ¡Þ
¡Æ (n+1) cn+1 (s-1)(n+1-1)
= ¡Æ cn (s-1)n
= ¡Æ n cn(s-1)n-1
n=0 n=0 n=1
Hence,
¡Þ
L?
(C,s) = ¡Æ (n+r) cn+1 (s-1)(n+r)-1
n=0
= (0+1) c1 (s-1)(0+1)-1
+(1+1) c2 (s-1)(1+1)-1
+(2+1) c3 (s-1)(2+1)-1
Therefore,
L(C,s) = c(s-1)r
s=1, r=2, & c¡Ù0
= c(s-1)(s-1) = c(s2
-2s+1)
(1-s2
)y??(s) - 2sy?(s) + ¦Ë y(s) = 0 (Legendre Polynomial)
[(1-12
)][c(2)] - 2(1)[c(2(1)-2)] + 6[(c)(12
- 2(1) + 1)] = 0
[(0)][c(2)] - 2(1)[c(0)] + 6[(c)(0)] = 0
¡Þ
y1 = c0 + ¡Æ c2ks2k
k=1
¦Ë = n(n+1) = 2(2+1) = 6
cn = (2n)!
2n
(n!)2
y1 = 1+ 3/2 (1)2
+ 4.375 (1)4
+¡­+cnsn
Power Series

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Power Series

  • 1. Power Series Analysis of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture ¡Þ ¡Æ (n+1) cn+1 (s-1)(n+1)-1 n=0 =(1)c(1)(s-1)0 +(2)c(2)(s-1)(1) +(3)c(3)(s-1)(2) ¡­ (n+1)cn+1 = cn, n= 0,1,2,3,¡­, Or cn+1 = cn/(n+1) Hence c(1)=c(0), c(2)=c(1)/2, c(3)=c(2)/3 =(1)c(0)(s-1)0 +(2)/2 c(1)(s-1)1 +(3)/3 c(2)(s-1)2 ¡­ ¡Þ = c(0) (s-1)0 + c(1)(s-1)1 + c(2) (s-1)2 ¡­ = ¡Æ cn (s-1)n n=0
  • 2. ¡Þ ¡Æ n cn(s-1)n-1 = (1)c(1)(s-1)0 +(2) c(2)(s-1)(1) +(3)c(3)(s-1)2 n=1 c(1)=c(0), c(2)=c(1)/2, c(3)=c(2)/3 =(1)c(0)(s-1)0 + (2)/2 c(1)(s-1)(1) + (3)/3c(2)(s-1)(2) ¡­ ¡Þ c(0) (s-1)0 + c(1)(s-1)1 + c(2) (s-1)2 ¡­ = ¡Æ cn (s-1)n n=0 Thus, ¡Þ ¡Þ ¡Þ ¡Æ (n+1) cn+1 (s-1)(n+1-1) = ¡Æ cn (s-1)n = ¡Æ n cn(s-1)n-1 n=0 n=0 n=1
  • 3. Hence, ¡Þ L? (C,s) = ¡Æ (n+r) cn+1 (s-1)(n+r)-1 n=0 = (0+1) c1 (s-1)(0+1)-1 +(1+1) c2 (s-1)(1+1)-1 +(2+1) c3 (s-1)(2+1)-1 Therefore, L(C,s) = c(s-1)r s=1, r=2, & c¡Ù0 = c(s-1)(s-1) = c(s2 -2s+1)
  • 4. (1-s2 )y??(s) - 2sy?(s) + ¦Ë y(s) = 0 (Legendre Polynomial) [(1-12 )][c(2)] - 2(1)[c(2(1)-2)] + 6[(c)(12 - 2(1) + 1)] = 0 [(0)][c(2)] - 2(1)[c(0)] + 6[(c)(0)] = 0 ¡Þ y1 = c0 + ¡Æ c2ks2k k=1 ¦Ë = n(n+1) = 2(2+1) = 6 cn = (2n)! 2n (n!)2 y1 = 1+ 3/2 (1)2 + 4.375 (1)4 +¡­+cnsn