Spanishgrammarbook
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This document provides an outline for a Spanish grammar book, including the following topics: ser and estar, verbs like gustar, the preterite tense, trigger words for the past, car-gar-zar verbs, spock verbs, cucharacha verbs, snakes, commands, irregular verbs, se impersonal, the future tense, demonstrative adjectives, formal and informal commands, modal verbs, reflexive verbs, and the difference between saber and conocer. The table of contents lists 14 main topics that will be covered in the grammar book.
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Spanishgrammarbook
- 1. BienvenidaSPANISH GRAMMAR BOOKSMargarita Mulvey2ND period12/2/10
- 2. TABLE OF CONTENTSSerEstarVerbs like GustarHacer ExpressionPreteriteTrigger WordsCar Gar Zar Spock VerbsCucharach VerbsSnake SnakeysCommandsIrregularDOPs IOPsSe Impersonal
- 3. SER
- 4. ESTAR
- 5. HACER EXPRESSIONPresent Tense Since and ForPreterite Tense AgoHace + Time + Que + Verbhace cinco dias que tuve un problema con mi arbol de Navidad.
- 6. VERBS LIKE GUSTARMe duele la cabeza
- 7. PRETERITEA definite time in the past with a beginning and/or ending.
- 8. PRETERITE CONTINUEDThe Preterite Song
- 9. TRIGGER WORDSHace dos dias: 2 days agoEn ese momento: in that moment/ thenDurante dos siglos: during 2 centuriesDesde el primer momento: from the first momentEstonces: then Esta noche: tonightEsta tarde: this afternoonUna vez: one time/ onceEl otro dia: the other dayAyer por la manana: yesterday morning El fin de semana pasado: last weekendEl lunes pasado: last weekendEl dia anterior: the day beforeEl miercoles: On WednesdayA las ocho: At 8 oclockAnteayer: day before yesterdayAyer: yesterday
- 10. CAR-GAR-ZARTo Touch To Play To Begin
- 11. SPOCK VERBSSTAY IN THE SAME CONJUGATION S ERSHARE THE SAME ENDINGD A RIRV E R H a c e rBY ITSELF
- 12. EXAMPLE OF SPOCK VERBS
- 13. CUCARACHA VERBSAndar- aduvEstar- estuvPoder-pudPoner- pusQuerer- quisSaber- supTener- tuvVenir- vinConducir-condujProducir-produjTraducir- tradujDecir-dijTraer- traj
- 14. SNAKES
- 15. SNAKEYSStem changing verbs in preterite. Verbs such as leer, creer, and oir change from I to y in 3rd person.LeimosLeisteisLeyeronLeiLeisteLeyo
- 16. COMMANDSDOP+IOP can attatch to an affirmative command.DOP + IOP must go before the nagative command
- 17. IRREGULARTengo tengaVenir- vengaDar- deIr - vayaSer- sea Hacer- hagaEstar- esteSaber- sepaTVDISHES
- 18. DOPsAnswer the question: what is receiving the direct action of the verb. DOPs are: lo, la, los, las, me, te, nos, seYou have to have a DOP in order to have an IOP, but in a sentence the DOP goes after the IOP.DOPs can hook onto verb ONLY in three cases:Infinitive-I se voy a la tiendaAffirmative commands-!Abrazarlo!Gerunds/ present progressive-!Beberla!
- 19. IOPsAnswers to questions: To who or for whom.To have an IOPyou must first have a DOP. I stoleit from him.verb^ ^DOP ^IOPMe lo robaron de 辿l
- 20. SE IMPERSONALUse se to avoid specifying a person who is doing the action of verb. Se vende fruta en la fruteria.When using se, the verb is always in the 3rd person. Aqui se habla espanol.Se can be used in all tenses. Se hizo muchoSe hara muchoSe habia hecho
- 21. Table of Contents- 2nd Semester Past Participles as AdjectivesEl Futuro and ir + a+ infinitiveLos AdjetivosDemonstrativosMandatosFormalesLos MandatosInformalesModal VerbsReflexivesSaber vs. Conocer
- 22. Past Participles as AdjectivesPast Participles- as adjectives conjuctions is like when conjugations is like when conjugating a verb. For this process, take off the ending and attach ado or ido, depending on if it is an ar, -er, or ir verb.
- 23. Continued...Irregularsabrir (to open) - abierto (open)cubrir (to cover) - cubierto (covered)decir (to say) - dicho (said)escribir (to write) - escrito (written)fre鱈r (to fry) - frito (fried)hacer (to do) - hecho (done)morir (to die) - muerto (dead)
- 24. poner (to put) - puesto (put)
- 25. resolver (to resolve) - resuelto (resolved)
- 26. romper (to break) - roto (broken)
- 27. ver (to see) - visto (seen)
- 28. volver (to return) - vuelto (returned)Irregular FuturoDecirdirHacerharPoderpodrPonerpondrQuererquerrSaber sabrSalirsaldrTenertendrValervaldrVenirvendr
- 29. El FuturoInfinitive + endingEndings are same for -ar, -er, and ir-辿
- 30. Ir + A + InfinitivesMean going to do something. Incorporated in el futuro. Example:I am going to travel to Costa, Mexico.Yovoy a viajar a Costa Maya, Mexico.
- 31. LosAdjectivosDemonstrativos1.Make sure it always agrees with the gender and the number with the noun its modifying. 2.Put in front of the noun it modifies.
- 32. Los MandatosFormales-arConjugate to yo form
- 33. Drop o and add -e-erConjugate to yo form
- 34. Drop-o and add -a-irConjugate to yo form
- 35. Drop o and add -aLos MandatosInformales Continued
- 36. Modal Verbs ir + a + infinitive (going to do something)poder + infinitive (are able to do something)querer + infinitive (want to do something)deber + infinitive (should do something)tenerque + infinitive (to have to do something)
- 37. ReflexivesReflexive pronouns can be: -in front of the conjugated verb -attached to the infinitive -attached to the present participle -attached to an affirmative commandWhen attached, the reflexive pronoun changes the syllabification of the word, so add an accent to the proper syllable. Some verbs come with se attached to the end. These are reflexive verbs, all you do is conjugate and change the pronoun accordingly.
- 38. Reflexives Cont.
- 39. Saber vs. ConocerSaber:To know Facts or information To knowPeople, place, thing, or published worksConocer: