Splints

Dec 23, 2013Download as PPTX, PDF5 likes3,886 views

This document discusses various types of splints used for immobilizing fractures including straight splints, Thomas splints, Bohler Braun's splint, internal splinting using plates or nails, cervical collars, and plaster of Paris slabs which are used to immobilize broken bones and ensure proper healing.

Immobilization splints are rigid supports used to immobilize injured body parts like fractures or soft tissue injuries. They are different than casts in that they do not fully encircle the injured area. The main goals of splinting are to reduce inflammation from trauma or arthritis, control pain, and provide external support. Splints are initially used to rest injured tissues and encourage healing after trauma. They can also provide relief for inflammatory arthritis conditions. Splints allow for swelling and are easier to apply and remove than casts. Potential complications include infection, joint stiffness, and skin breakdown. Splints are indicated for fractures, soft tissue injuries, arthritis, and lacerations, but are contraindicated for conditions requiring surgery or with high infection

Tennis elbow(le)drjumarasekh

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This document provides information on lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow), including its anatomy, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. It describes how lateral epicondylitis is an overuse injury caused by repetitive microtrauma to the common extensor tendon at the lateral epicondyle. The diagnosis is typically made based on physical examination findings of tenderness over the lateral epicondyle with resisted wrist and finger extension. Both non-operative treatments like physiotherapy, bracing, and steroid injections and surgical options are discussed for managing lateral epicondylitis.

Pelvic splintingtombellchambers

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This document discusses pelvic splinting in trauma patients. It notes that pelvic fractures can cause life-threatening bleeding and loss of 6 pints of blood quickly. Existing guidelines recommend using a commercial pelvic splint for prehospital management of suspected pelvic fractures. However, some ambulance services do not have these devices. As a result, clinicians currently improvise with other methods like an upside-down neck brace or wrapping the patient in a sheet, but the effectiveness of these improvised methods is unclear compared to commercial splints. The document questions if appropriate prehospital splinting could minimize catastrophic bleeding from pelvic fractures.

Lateral Epicondylitis mejey

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Lateral epicondylitis, also known as tennis elbow, is an overuse injury involving microscopic tears of the tendons that attach the forearm muscles to the bone on the outside of the elbow. It is caused by repetitive motions that overload these tendons, leading to pain and tenderness. Nonsurgical treatments include rest, NSAIDs, equipment adjustments, and physical therapy focusing on strengthening. If symptoms persist for 6-12 months, surgical procedures to remove diseased tendon and reattach healthy tendon may be considered, though there are risks like infection, nerve damage, and prolonged recovery.

Lateral epicondylitisNithyalaksmi Rajesh

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Lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as tennis elbow, is a painful condition caused by overuse and microtears of the tendons that connect the forearm muscles to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. The condition results in pain at the outside of the elbow. Conservative treatments include activity modification, bracing, stretching, strengthening exercises, and shock wave therapy. Surgical intervention is considered if conservative treatments fail to provide relief after 6 months.

Tennis elbowSanjay Alle

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This document discusses tennis elbow, which involves pain on the outside of the elbow where the forearm muscles and tendons attach. Common causes include repetitive motions like cooking or playing racquet sports. Symptoms include pain when shaking hands or gripping objects that is worsened by wrist movements. While X-rays are not usually diagnostic, clinical tests like the Cozen or Mill tests can help diagnose. Conservative treatments include rest, NSAIDs, ice, braces and physiotherapy to strengthen the area. Corticosteroid injections combined with lidocaine can help reduce pain and inflammation. Platelet rich plasma injections are also sometimes used but results are still controversial.

Ch16 presentation splinting_extremitiesdjorgenmorris

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This document provides guidance on splinting injured extremities in the field. It describes stabilizing fractures and dislocations before moving patients, as well as the reasons for splinting like reducing pain and preventing further injury. Common types of splints are described as rigid, soft, or self-splints. Instructions are provided on applying splints and slings to different parts of the body like the shoulder, arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, hand, pelvis, hip, knee, lower leg, ankle and foot. Guidance is also given on when to seek medical care after splinting.

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This document provides an overview of basic trauma life support. It defines trauma as any bodily injury caused by external energy sources. The primary survey involves a quick assessment of the patient's airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and exposure to identify life-threatening issues. The secondary survey involves a more focused physical exam and history to identify hidden injuries. Key skills covered include spinal immobilization, bleeding control techniques, wound management principles like RICE, and splinting. The overall goal is to rapidly identify and treat life-threatening injuries before transporting the patient to definitive care.

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This document discusses various hand infections, including their causes, symptoms, and treatment approaches. It covers common acute infections like cellulitis, paronychia, felon, and herpetic whitlow. It also discusses palm space infections and describes the anatomy of the thenar and midpalmer spaces. The document emphasizes the importance of thorough evaluation, appropriate use of antibiotics and surgical drainage when needed, and postoperative care including rest, heat, elevation, and rehabilitation.

Hand infectionsNandinii Ramasenderan

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The document discusses various hand infections including paronychia, felon, pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis, and deep space infections. Paronychia typically involves the nail fold and is usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus, while a felon is a deep pulp space abscess of the finger that requires surgical drainage. Pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis is a surgical emergency that infects the closed flexor tendon sheath and can lead to tendon necrosis if not promptly drained.

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This document provides an overview of shoulder pain assessment and evaluation. It discusses the anatomy of the shoulder joint and surrounding structures. The subjective examination involves taking a patient history regarding symptoms, pain characteristics, aggravating/relieving factors, and functional limitations. The physical exam includes inspection for deformities, range of motion testing, and specific tests to isolate muscle weaknesses or injuries. Common causes of shoulder pain include joint pathology, rotator cuff issues, nerve problems, and referred pain. Investigations may include x-rays, MRI, or ultrasound. Treatment depends on the underlying problem but may involve rest, physiotherapy, injections, or surgery.

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This document discusses different conditions affecting the nails including paronychia, acute paronychia, chronic paronychia, and subungual hematoma. It describes the anatomy of the nail including the nail plate, matrix, lunula, cuticle, and nail bed. Acute paronychia is usually caused by minor nail injuries allowing bacterial infection, while chronic paronychia is often due to Candida infection. Treatment involves draining pus or blood and using antibiotics or antifungals. Subungual hematoma causes intense pain due to blood collecting under the nail requiring drainage through cautery or needle.

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Carpel Tunnel Syndrome occurs when the median nerve in the wrist becomes compressed, causing numbness and tingling in the fingers and palm. It is often caused by repetitive stress on the wrist from work activities or arthritis. Symptoms include burning, itching, and numbness in the hands. To prevent Carpel Tunnel Syndrome, one should take breaks, do wrist exercises, wear splints, and maintain proper posture.

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Tennis elbowsshssomsen

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Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is an inflammation of the tendons on the outside of the elbow caused by repetitive motions like tennis, volleyball, or computer use. It causes pain on the outside of the elbow and weakness when grasping. Resting the elbow and avoiding aggravating activities for 2-3 weeks is the first treatment, along with icing, anti-inflammatory medication, and exercises to maintain flexibility and strength once healing begins.

Shoulder pain may 2014 pptdgwhitelotus

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- The document discusses shoulder pain and frozen shoulder. Frozen shoulder progresses through painful freezing and frozen stages as the shoulder capsule becomes inflamed and stiff, limiting range of motion. - It presents a case of a 48-year-old male with left shoulder pain for 2 months. Exam finds decreased range of motion and pain with abduction. Treatment includes acupuncture at points like ST38 and SI4 to relieve pain and increase range of motion. - The stages of frozen shoulder - freezing, frozen, and thawing - are described as the condition progresses from increasing pain and stiffness to gradual improvement in motion over 6 months to 2 years.

Splintingtimmct

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This document outlines 3 skills assessment stations for an EMT-B exam: 1) Long bone immobilization for injuries like the radius or tibia. Candidates must immobilize the isolated injury within 10 minutes. 2) Shoulder joint immobilization for non-complicated injuries. Again, candidates have 10 minutes to immobilize the isolated injury. 3) Application of a traction splint for a mid-shaft femur fracture with assistance from an EMT. Candidates are tested on properly immobilizing the isolated femur injury within the 10 minute time limit.

Rickets.. Dr.PadmeshDr Padmesh Vadakepat

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The document discusses the causes and presentation of rickets. The main causes are vitamin D disorders, calcium deficiency, phosphorus deficiency, renal losses, and distal renal tubular acidosis. Clinical features include bone deformities, softening of the skull, and leg pain. Diagnosis involves physical exam, x-rays showing bone changes, and lab tests showing abnormalities in calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone levels. Nutritional vitamin D deficiency is the most common cause globally. Treatment involves vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus supplementation.

Modern management of dvt dr. sharfuddin chowdhuryShakila Rifat

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This document discusses modern management of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It covers the epidemiology, classification, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and imaging of DVT. DVT is common in hospitalized patients, especially following surgery or injury. Diagnosis involves assessing pre-test probability with Wells criteria and testing D-dimer levels. Ultrasound is the primary imaging method due to its non-invasiveness and accuracy, though computed tomography venography can also be used. Treatment involves anticoagulation to prevent pulmonary embolism complications.

Splint ppt by rupeshkumarMahatma Gandhi Hospital Parel Mumbai

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This document provides information on various types of splints, including their indications, application techniques, and materials. It describes splints for the upper extremity including figure of eight, sling and swathe, and aeroplane splints for the shoulder/arm; long arm posterior and double sugar-tong splints for the elbow/forearm; volar forearm, cockup, and sugar-tong splints for the forearm/wrist; ulnar gutter, radial gutter, thumb spica, finger splints, and knuckle-bender splints for the hand/fingers. For the lower extremity it covers Von Rosen's, Thomas, Bohler-Braun splints for the hip/

Compartment syndromegroup7usmkk

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Compartment syndrome occurs when increased pressure within a confined muscle space reduces blood flow, potentially causing tissue damage. It has acute and chronic forms. Risk factors include leg fractures and casts. Early signs are pain disproportionate to injury that worsens with stretching. Diagnosis is clinical but can be confirmed with pressure measurements. Treatment is surgical fasciotomy to release pressure and prevent complications like nerve damage, contractures, and necrosis.

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approach a patient with low back painalyaqdhan

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Mr. B is a 37-year-old male who experienced acute lower back pain while working in his yard. He reports dull, burning pain localized to his lower back radiating into his left buttock. Physical examination reveals tenderness over the paraspinous muscles but normal range of motion, strength, and sensation in the lower extremities. Non-surgical management including medications, exercise, and lifestyle modifications is recommended. Further investigations are not needed unless symptoms fail to improve within 4-6 weeks.

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This document discusses different types of traction used in medical treatment, including skin traction methods like Buck's extension, Russell's traction, and Bryant's traction that use belts and harnesses on the body. It also covers skeletal traction techniques such as overhead arm traction, balanced suspension traction, skeletal tongs, and halo traction that apply traction directly to the bones. Halo traction, in particular, uses a ring placed around the head to immobilize the skull and neck.

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