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Lesson 1
Parameter, Statistic,
and Sampling Plan

Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to
● properly distinguish between parameter and statistic;
● correctly identify the different random sampling methods;
and
● accurately solve real-life problems involving random
sampling.

Essential Questions
● What are the advantages and disadvantages of simple
random sampling over the other random sampling
methods?
● What are the factors to consider in selecting the sampling
method to be used?

Warm Up!
This lesson will tackle about the different random sampling
techniques. To introduce the concept of random sampling,
let us use an online tool called Random Name Picker.
(Click the link below to access the website.)
“Random Name Picker!” ClassTools.net. Retrieved 30 July
2019 from https://www.classtools.net/random-name-picker/

Warm Up!
1. Divide the class into 10 groups.
2. Click Edit/Save. Type “Group1, Group 2, …, Group 10” and
click Submit.
3. Click on the wheel. The chosen group will have to give one
word related to the word “random.”
4. Repeat the activity 4 to 5 times.

Guide Questions
● What are the words related to the word “random”?
● What is the probability of each group being chosen first?
● Is using the online tool fair for every group? Explain.

Learn about It!
Population
group where members have something in common, that is, the total set of
observations that can be made
1
Examples:
• the population of senior citizens in Metro Manila
• the population of students in the senior high school
program
1

Learn about It!
Sample
a smaller group or subset of the population in question
1
Examples:
• a sample of 500 senior citizens from Metro Manila
• a sample of 1000 grade 11 students from Metro Manila
2

Learn about It!
Parameter
describes an entire population
1
Example:
45% of the senior citizens in Metro Manila are male.
3

Learn about It!
Statistic
describes only the sample
1
Example:
Twenty-five out of the 100 randomly chosen grade 11
students belong to STEM strand.
4

Learn about It!
Simple Random Sampling
The simplest way of getting random sample where each member of the
population has an equal chance of being chosen as the sample.
1
Example:
To choose the sample, arrange the elements of the
population in order, and then use a computer or a scientific
calculator to generate as many random numbers as
required. The sample will be composed of those elements
which correspond to the random numbers.
5

Learn about It!
Stratified Random Sampling
This involves selecting a simple random sample from each of a given number of
subpopulations. Each subpopulation is called a stratum (plural: strata),
1
Example:
If a study is taking senior citizens into consideration, the
population may need to be subdivided into subgroups like
60-69 years old, 70-79 years old, etc. The sample will be
chosen from each subgroups.
6

Learn about It!
Cluster Sampling
The population is first divided into separate groups called clusters. Then, a
simple random sample of clusters from the available clusters in the population is
selected.
1
Example:
If the population is composed of all the senior citizens from
Metro Manila, the clusters could be senior citizens from the
different municipalities and cities in Metro Manila.
Data is then gathered from selected clusters, like 5 cities.
7

Learn about It!
1-in- Systematic Random Sampling
This involves the random selection of one of the first elements in an ordered
population, and then the systematic selection of every th element thereafter.
The value of is first calculated by dividing the population size by the sample size.
1
Example:
Suppose there are 500 grade 5 students and you need to
select 50 students as your sample.
Dividing the population size 500 by the sample size 50, we
get 10. That means, every 10th student will be included in
the sample.
8

Learn about It!
Multistage Sampling
Two or more probability techniques are combined. It can be described as
sampling within the sample.
1
Example:
If the population is compose of all the senior citizens from
Metro Manila, we can use clustered sampling where the
clusters are the municipalities and cities in Metro manila.
Then from the selected clusters, we can use stratified
sampling and divide into different age groups.
9

Try It!
Example 1: Suppose the quality manager wants to know the
average life of the battery they manufacture. He asked his
employees to obtain 100 random sample of batteries and
test how long the batteries will last. From the sample, it was
found out that the average life of the battery is 1 100 hours.
Identify the parameter and statistic.

Try It!
found out that the average life of the battery is 1100 hours.
Solution:
In the study, 100 batteries are chosen as sample and it was
found out that the average life is 1 100 hours.

Try It!
Solution:
The statistic describes the sample. Therefore, 1 100 hours is
the statistic in the study.

Try It!
Solution:
The parameter is the average life of the battery they
manufacture.

Try It!
Example 2: The Marketing Department of a certain
university is doing a satisfaction survey. To do this, the staff
takes an alphabetized list of student names and picks a
random starting point. Then every 15th student is given a
survey form. Determine whether the survey employs simple
random sampling, stratified random sampling, cluster
sampling, or 1-in- systematic random sampling.

Try It!
Example 2: The Marketing Department of a certain
university is doing a satisfaction survey. To do this, the staff
takes an alphabetized list of student names and picks a
random starting point. Then every 15th student is given a
survey form. Determine whether the survey employs simple
random sampling, stratified random sampling, cluster
sampling, or 1-in- systematic random sampling.
Solution:
Since this survey chooses every th element as member of the
sample, it employs a 1-in- systematic random
sampling.

Let’s Practice!
Individual Practice:
1. Ms. Cruz wants to know the average weekly allowance of
the grade 10 students. She randomly asked 50 students
how much their weekly allowance is. She found out that
the average weekly allowance of these 50 students is .
2. The school canteen is doing a survey on the food
preferences of the students. They printed 100 survey
forms and they randomly select 10 students from each
grade level from grade 1 to grade 10. What type of
random sampling is used?

Let’s Practice!
Group Practice: To be done by 2-5 groups
A statistical company was commissioned to do a survey on
which TV network is most preferred by the viewers in Metro
Manila by age group. What type of sampling method can
be used? Explain.

Key Points
Population
A group where members have something in common, that is, the total set of
observations that can be made
1
1
Sample
a smaller group or subset of the population in question
2
Parameter
describes an entire population
3
Statistic
describes only the sample
4

Key Points
Simple Random Sampling
The simplest way of getting random sample where each member of the
population has an equal chance of being chosen as the sample.
1
5
Stratified Random Sampling
This involves selecting a simple random sample from each of a given number of
subpopulations. Each subpopulation is called a stratum (plural: strata),
1
6
Cluster Sampling
The population is first divided into separate groups called clusters. Then, a
simple random sample of clusters from the available clusters in the population is
selected.
7

Key Points
1-in- Systematic Random Sampling
This involves the random selection of one of the first elements in an ordered
population, and then the systematic selection of every th element thereafter.
The value of is first calculated by dividing the population size by the sample size.
1
8
Multistage Sampling
Two or more probability techniques are combined. It can be described as
sampling within the sample.
1
9

Synthesis
● How is the cluster sampling different from the stratified
random sampling since both of them divides the
population into groups?
● What are the advantages of knowing how to select
samples randomly?
● How do you compute the mean of a set of data?

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SPTC 0501 Q3 FPF.pptxSPPTXSCGH122345116YT

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