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- 2. ???????????????? ? ???????????????????????????? ???? ????????????????????????????????? ????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????
- 6. ??????????????????? ? ???????????????? ? ????????????????????????? ? ????????????????????????
- 7. ???????????????? information behavior ? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????????
- 8. ????????????????????????? information ¨C seeking behavior ? ???????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ?
- 9. ???????????????????????? Information search behavior ? ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????? ???????? ???????????????? ???
- 10. ?????????????????????? A model of information behavior ? Wilson¡¯s information behavior model ? 1981
- 12. Wilson¡¯s information behavior model ? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????????? ? ??????????????????????????? ???????????????
- 13. Wilson¡¯s information behavior model ? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? (information exchange) ???????
- 14. Wilson¡¯s information behavior model ? ??????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????? ? ??????????????????????????????? ????????????
- 17. ??????????????????? ? ??????????????????????????? ????????????????? ( person in context)
- 19. ?????????????? ? ?????????????????? (personal characteristic) ???? ?????? ?????????? ????????? (cognitive) ????????????? ???? ??????????????????????????? ? ??????????? (demographic variable) ???? ???
- 20. ?????????????? ? ?????????????????????????? ????? (social/interpersonal variable) ???? ???????????????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ???
- 21. ?????????????? ? ????????????????????? (environmental variable) ???? ???? ????????????????????????? ???????? ??????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ? ????????????????????????? (information source characteristics) ??????????????????????? ????
- 22. ???????????????????????????????? ???????? Activating mechanism ? ?????????????????????????? ? ???????????????????? ? ???????????????????
- 24. ??????????????????? ? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????????????????????????? ??? ???? ??????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????
- 25. ???????????????????????? ? ???????????????????????? (perceived self-efficacy) ??? ?????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ????????? ?????????????????????
- 26. Dervin¡¯s sense-making theory 1983, 1996
- 28. Dervin's 'sense-making' triangle. ? ????????? ?????????????????????? ??????? ? ???????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ? ?????????????????????????????????
- 30. ????????????????????????????????? Dervin¡¯ sense making ????????????? ?????????????????????? ? ?????????????????????????????? ? ????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ? ????????????????????????????????? ???????????????
- 31. ????????????????????????????????? Dervin¡¯ sense making ????????????? ????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????? ?????? ? ???????????????????????????????? ? ????????????????????????? ????????????????? ? ???????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????
- 32. David Ellis, 1989, 1993
- 34. ???????????????????????? ??????????? Starting: the means employed by the user to begin seeking information, for example, asking some knowledgeable colleague; ???????????? Chaining: following footnotes and citations in known material or 'forward'
- 35. ?????????? Browsing: 'semi- directed or semi-structured searching' (Ellis, 1989: 187) ????????????????????? Differentiating: using known differences in information sources as a way of filtering the amount of information obtained;
- 36. ???????????????????????????? Extracting: selectively identifying relevant material in an information source; ?????????? Verifying: checking the accuracy of information; ???????????????? Ending: which may be defined as 'tying up loose ends' through a final
- 37. ?????????????????????? ??????????? Ellis ? ??????????? micro-analysis of search behaviour (starting, chaining, extracting, verifying, ending)? ? ??????????? macro-analysis of information behaviour generally (browsing,
- 38. David Ellis, 1989 ? ????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????? ??????????????????? ?? ???????????????????
- 39. Kuhlthau model of the information search process (ISP) ? Originally?studying?pupils?&?undergraduates? but?subsequently?looking?at?other?user?groups? as?well,?Kuhlthau?(1991,?2004)?formulated?a? six-stage?information?search?process?(ISP),? each?stage?representing?differing?needs,? behaviors,?and?cognitive?and?affective?states
- 40. Kuhlthau?six?stages 1. Initiation:?user?¡°becomes?aware?of?a?lack?of?knowledge? or?understanding¡± 2. Selection:?user?needs?to?¡°identify?and?select?the?general? topic?to?be?investigated¡± 3. Exploration:?user?needs?to?¡°investigate?information?on? the?general?topic?in?order?to?extend?personal? understanding¡± 4. Formulation:?user?forms?¡°a?focus?from?the?information? encountered¡± 5. Collection:?user?needs?¡°to?gather?information?related?to? the?focused?topic¡± 6. Presentation:?user?completes?the?search?and?presents? findings
- 41. Kuhlthau?model?(cont.) ?Each?stage?¨C?task?-??in?the?information?search?process? incorporates?three?realms: 1. Affective?(feelings) 2. Cognitive?(thoughts) 3. Physical?(actions) ¡°The?process?of?information?seeking?involves?construction?in? which?the?user?actively?pursues?understanding?and?seeks? meaning?from?the?information?encountered?over?a?period?of? time.¡± Links?the?process?to?reduction?of?uncertainty?
- 42. Kuhlthau?model?(cont.) ? ? Tasks Initiation Selection Exploration Formulation Collection Presentation ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------¡ú Feelings uncertainly optimism confusion clarity sense of satisfaction or (affective) frustration direction/ disappointment doubt confidence Thoughts vague-------------------------------------¡úfocused (cognitive) -----------------------------------------------¡ú increased interest Actions seeking relevant information----------------------------¡úseeking pertinent information (physical) exploring documenting
- 43. Kuhlthau¡¯s search stages & feelings Search stage Associated feelings Initiation Uncertainty Selection Optimism Exploration Confusion/frustration/doubt Formulation Clarity Collection Sense of direction/confidence Presentation Satisfaction or disappointment
- 44. ???????? (Affective Domain) ????????????????????????? ?????? ???????????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????
- 45. ?1. ????????? ... ?????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????
- 46. ?2. ?????????? ... ??????? ??????????????????????? ????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????? ???? ???????????????????????? ???????????????
- 47. ?3. ?????????????? ... ???????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ???? ??????????????????? ??????????????????????? ???? ? ?????????????????????? ????????????? ??????????
- 48. ?4. ???????????? ... ??????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ???????? ???????????????????????????? ????? ????????????????????????? ?????????? ? ????????????????? ??????????? ??????????????????
- 49. ?4. ???????????? ... ??????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ???????? ???????????????????????????? ????? ????????????????????????? ?????????? ? ????????????????? ??????????? ??????????????????
- 50. ?5. ?????????????????????? ????????????? ... ?????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????
- 51. ?????????? (Cognitive Domain) ???????????????????????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????????????????? ????? ???????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????????????????? ? ?????????? ??????????? ????????????
- 52. ?1. ?????????????? ???????? ???????????????????? ????????????????? ? ??? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????????
- 53. ?2. ?????????? ???????? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ??? ???????????????????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????????????? ?
- 54. ?3. ?????????????????? ???? ???????????????????????????? ??? ???????????????????? ??????????????????????? ? ??? ?????????????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???? ???????
- 55. ?4. ???????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ???? ??????????????????????? ? ??????????????? ???????? ?????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????? ??????????
- 56. ?????????? (Psychomotor Domain) ?... ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ???????? ??????????????????? ?????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ??
- 57. ?1. ????????? ... ????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ???????????????
- 58. ?2. ???????????? ???? ????????????? ... ???? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????? ???? ??????
- 59. ?3. ???????????????? ... ??????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ????? ??????????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????????????? ??????????????????? ??????
- 60. ?4. ??????????????????????? ... ????????????????????????????? ??? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????? ??????? ???
- 61. ?5. ????????????????????? ???????? ... ???????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????????????? ? ??? ???????????????? ??? ????????? ?????????????