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SolarCity Investors _ Nov 2015Dmitry TseitlinThe document is an investor presentation by SolarCity that provides forward-looking statements regarding the company's growth opportunities in the customer and market, operations, financing strategies, and future financial and operating results. It notes key risks and uncertainties that could impact actual performance, including demand for solar energy systems, supply and pricing of solar components, integration of acquisitions, cost reduction goals, access to capital, regulatory policies, and general market conditions.
Космонавтика: все не так, как на самом делеSergei Ivanovпрезентация Андрея Ионина, главного аналитика НП "Глонас", для лекции в Открытом университете Сколково 24.10.2015
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1. Федеральный сетевой оператор
Нужна ли России
"частная космонавтика"?
14 декабря 2015
Андрей Ионин, главный аналитик НП «ГЛОНАСС»
ктн ,член-корреспондент Российской академии космонавтики им. К.Э. Циолковского
член Экспертного совета при Правительстве РФ
член Совета по внешней и оборонной политике
2. 2
Космонавтика от 1950-х до наших дней
Привычная
космонавтика
«Частная
космонавтика»
Кооперация Решения
Главный
критерий
Ключевые
технологии
Основной
заказчик/
инвестор
Очень
большая,
многоуровнев
ая
Уникальные,
космические
Техническое
совершенство
Ракетно-
космические
Государство
Много
меньше
При
возможности
неуникальны
е массовые
Цена Ракетно-
космические Государство
Это не «частная космонавтика»…
Это новая космонавтика!
Это Space 2.0!
4. 4
Космонавтика
Государство
Отсутствие Инвестора для Больших Космических Проектов – главная проблема мировой
космонавтики. Выхода нет?
Общество
Бизнес
Космонавтика: взгляд со стороны Инвестора
1. Основной инвестор с 1950-х
(100%) до н/времени (80%)
2. Государство – рациональный
инвестор
3. Госфинансирование
не растет , поскольку
ВСЕ национальные цели
достигнуты
1. Цель (в теории) есть
2. Нет механизмов
сбора инвестиций и
реализации проекта
1. Цель бизнеса – прибыль,
а где прибыль в космосе ?
2. Бизнес планирует на
короткие сроки, а где в
космосе короткие
проекты
5. 5
Это еще не все: особенности национальной космонавтики
Россия не в состоянии конкурентоспособно развивать космонавтику без стратегических
партнеров для разработки космических технологий и реализации космических программ
Ограниченный бюджет, которого
априори не хватит на все
программы (у США больше в 10
раз)
Нет частных инвестиций
(у США есть - Iridium, Digital Globe)
Реформы промышленности и
управления отраслью
Нет сти ключевых компетенций
(микроэлектроника)
Санкции со стороны стран Запада
Проблема кадров на всех уровнях
6. 6
Выход №1. Международная кооперация в космосе – первый и важный шаг
к широкой взаимовыгодной технологической кооперации
Потенциальные космические
проекты в формате БРИКС+
1. Орбитальная станция БРИКС
(после МКС)
2. Система персональной спутниковой
связи (после Гонца)
3. Система космического ДЗЗ
4. Консорциум ГЛОНАСС
(ГЛОНАСС – как совместная система)
5. Новый «Морской старт»
6. Новые средства выведения …
Международные проекты – лучшее (единственное) средство защиты объемов бюджетного
финансирования
40 % человечества, 30% экономики
7. 7
Будущие космические проекты надо выбирать именно исходя из того, какие технологии Space
3.0 они генерируют! Лучший проект сегодня – «На Марс в один конец» (Илон Маск)
Выход №2: "сверхновая космонавтика" Space 3.0
• Производство энергии из всего и
энергоэффективность
• Эффективное производство пищи
и воды из всего
• Полная переработка отходов
• Робототехника
• Биотехнологии и генная инженерия
для жизни человека в экстремальных
условиях
• Самое простое: «умные дома»,
3-D печать
Какие технологии нужны для
развития человеческой колонии
в космосе?
1. Технологии Space 3.0
имеют ОГРОМНЫЙ
коммерческий
потенциал на Земле
2. Технологии Space 3.0
ОЧЕНЬ интересны
Большому бизнесу
3. Технологии Space 3.0
ОСОБО востребованы
для освоения Крайнего
Севера, Арктики
и Антарктики
8. 8
Что нужно космическим инноваторам от государства?
Не ошибитесь – это не деньги из бюджета
Национальная
космическая
политика
Законодательное и
техническое
регулирование
Координация
институтов
развития
Поддержка
международной
кооперации
• Национальные цели
• Национальные приоритеты
• Место для государства
• Место для частной инициативы
• Работа на опережение
• Стимулирование развития
• Снятие барьеров развития
• Создание спроса