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Sep 27, 2017Download as PPT, PDF0 likes143 views

Dokumen ini menjelaskan penggunaan garis pengaruh untuk menentukan beban kritis pada struktur. Garis pengaruh digunakan untuk menghitung nilai maksimum shear force dan bending moment yang dihasilkan oleh berbagai jenis beban seperti beban titik, beban merata, dan beban terbagi. Metode ini berguna untuk mendesain struktur yang tahan terhadap beban terburuk.

INFLUENCE LINESINFLUENCE LINES
(Garis Pengaruh)(Garis Pengaruh)

Kegunaan:Kegunaan:
• Mengetahui nilai suatu muatan bergerak
yang dapat menimbulkan akibat yang
paling buruk.
• Mengetahui posisi beban.
• Menentukan bagian struktur yang
mengalami keadaan kritis.

PenggunaannyaPenggunaannya
• 1. beban terpusat di suatu titik.
• 2. beban terdistribusi merata >.
• 3. beban terdistribusi merata <.
• 4. beban terbagi dua.
• 5. beban terbagi banyak.

Beban Terpusat di Satu TitikBeban Terpusat di Satu Titik
• Fmax , ketika w berada di titik.
Fmax (+) = +RB = w. x / L
Fmax (-) = - RA = - w (L – x) / L
Nilai Fmax berdasarkan garis pengaruh;
Fmax = + w.xx1 = w. x / L
= - w. xx2 = -w. (L – x ) / L
• Momen => Mx = w.x (L – x ) / L

Beban Terdistribusi MerataBeban Terdistribusi Merata
• Fmax, ketika pusat beban di section itu sendiri.
• Nilai Fmax = + RB = W X2 / 2. L
Fmax = -RA= -W (L – X)2
/ 2L
• Berdasarkan garis pengaruh;
Fmax = + w.xx1 A= w. (x /2 . X/ L) = W.X2
/ 2L
= - w. xx3 B = -w. (L – x /2 . L-X / L)
Momen => Mx = w.x/2 (L – x )

a
A
G J
KH B
B
B
A
A
X
X3
X2
b
E
F
X
D
C
X1
X

Beban Terdistribusi MerataBeban Terdistribusi Merata
• Fmax , Pusat beban berada di section itu
sendiri.
(+) nilai Fmax = +RB = + w. a / L (x – a / 2)
(-) nilai Fmax = - RA = - w. a / L (L – x – a/2)
Berdasarkan garis pengaruh :
Fmax (+) = w. area CDxx1
Fmax (-) = - w. area xx3EF
• Momen
Mmax di titik x => jika posisi beban di
sekitar titik x dgn jarak yg sama.

Beban terbagi duaBeban terbagi dua
• Fmax
(+) Fmax = +RA
(-) Fmax = -RB
dgn garis pengaruh :
(+) Fmax = w2. xx1 + w1 + OD
(-) Fmax = - (w1.xx2 + w2.FE)

M5M4M3M2
M1
W5W4W3W2W1
X
X1
X
b
X2
X3
X
A
A
B
B
BH K
G
A

• Momen
2 keadaan :
jika, w1 w2 2mx = {(w2x +w1(x – d)} (L – x) / L
A d x
jika, w1 w2 Mx = {(w1(L – x) + w2 (L – x – d) )}x / L
A x B
Dengan garis pengaruh :
1. 2mx = w2.xx3 + w1.GH
2. Mx = w1.xx3 + w2.JK

Beban terbagi banyakBeban terbagi banyak
• Fmax cara coba-coba.
menggunakan garis pengaruh :
Fx = w1.F1.F1’ + w2.F2.F2’ – w3.F3.F3’ – w4.F4.F4’ – w5.F5.F5’
• Momen
gambar garis pengaruh dengan dasar AB dan
ordinat xx2 = x.(L – x) / L
Jadi, Mx = w1.m1.m1’ + w2.m2.m2’ + w3.m3.m3’ + w4.m4.m4’ + w5.m5.m5’

Standar ini mengatur cara pencucian sumur untuk menghilangkan material halus seperti pasir dan lumpur yang menempel pada dinding dan saringan sumur. Proses pencucian sumur bertujuan untuk (1) memperbesar jalur aliran air di lapisan bawah tanah agar air dapat mengalir ke sumur, (2) menstabilkan formasi sekitar saringan agar pasir tidak masuk, dan (3) meningkatkan porositas dan permeabilitas formasi. Proses yang efektif

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1. INFLUENCE LINESINFLUENCE LINES (Garis Pengaruh)(Garis Pengaruh)

2. Kegunaan:Kegunaan: • Mengetahui nilai suatu muatan bergerak yang dapat menimbulkan akibat yang paling buruk. • Mengetahui posisi beban. • Menentukan bagian struktur yang mengalami keadaan kritis.

3. PenggunaannyaPenggunaannya • 1. beban terpusat di suatu titik. • 2. beban terdistribusi merata >. • 3. beban terdistribusi merata <. • 4. beban terbagi dua. • 5. beban terbagi banyak.

4. Beban Terpusat di Satu TitikBeban Terpusat di Satu Titik • Fmax , ketika w berada di titik. Fmax (+) = +RB = w. x / L Fmax (-) = - RA = - w (L – x) / L Nilai Fmax berdasarkan garis pengaruh; Fmax = + w.xx1 = w. x / L = - w. xx2 = -w. (L – x ) / L • Momen => Mx = w.x (L – x ) / L

6. Beban Terdistribusi MerataBeban Terdistribusi Merata • Fmax, ketika pusat beban di section itu sendiri. • Nilai Fmax = + RB = W X2 / 2. L Fmax = -RA= -W (L – X)2 / 2L • Berdasarkan garis pengaruh; Fmax = + w.xx1 A= w. (x /2 . X/ L) = W.X2 / 2L = - w. xx3 B = -w. (L – x /2 . L-X / L) Momen => Mx = w.x/2 (L – x )

7. a A G J KH B B B A A X X3 X2 b E F X D C X1 X

8. Beban Terdistribusi MerataBeban Terdistribusi Merata • Fmax , Pusat beban berada di section itu sendiri. (+) nilai Fmax = +RB = + w. a / L (x – a / 2) (-) nilai Fmax = - RA = - w. a / L (L – x – a/2) Berdasarkan garis pengaruh : Fmax (+) = w. area CDxx1 Fmax (-) = - w. area xx3EF • Momen Mmax di titik x => jika posisi beban di sekitar titik x dgn jarak yg sama.

9. Beban terbagi duaBeban terbagi dua • Fmax (+) Fmax = +RA (-) Fmax = -RB dgn garis pengaruh : (+) Fmax = w2. xx1 + w1 + OD (-) Fmax = - (w1.xx2 + w2.FE)

10. M5M4M3M2 M1 W5W4W3W2W1 X X1 X b X2 X3 X A A B B BH K G A

11. • Momen 2 keadaan : jika, w1 w2 2mx = {(w2x +w1(x – d)} (L – x) / L A d x jika, w1 w2 Mx = {(w1(L – x) + w2 (L – x – d) )}x / L A x B Dengan garis pengaruh : 1. 2mx = w2.xx3 + w1.GH 2. Mx = w1.xx3 + w2.JK

12. Beban terbagi banyakBeban terbagi banyak • Fmax cara coba-coba. menggunakan garis pengaruh : Fx = w1.F1.F1’ + w2.F2.F2’ – w3.F3.F3’ – w4.F4.F4’ – w5.F5.F5’ • Momen gambar garis pengaruh dengan dasar AB dan ordinat xx2 = x.(L – x) / L Jadi, Mx = w1.m1.m1’ + w2.m2.m2’ + w3.m3.m3’ + w4.m4.m4’ + w5.m5.m5’

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