STUDY OF PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS BY USING TERNARY BLEND.pptx
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The document discusses the use of ternary fuel blends combining diesel, ethanol, and pentanol to improve the performance and reduce emissions of diesel engines. It outlines the simulation study conducted on various fuel blends using Diesel RK software, measuring performance parameters, combustion behavior, and exhaust emissions at different loads. The findings suggest that while blended fuels can enhance thermal efficiency and reduce specific emissions, they also require more fuel consumption compared to pure diesel.
STUDY OF PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS BY USING TERNARY BLEND.pptx
- 1. STUDY OF PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS BY USING TERNARY BLEND Subhojit Roy, Soumyadeep De, Somnath Chattopadhayay, Atanu Pal, Arghya Biswas, Oscar Singh,Nilanjan Jana, Sayan Das, Subhrodwip Go chhait, Suvendu Das, Apurba Dhara, Susabhan Sen, Arijit Biswas
- 4. INTRODUCTION In twenty-one century, the most concerned topics are pollution and shortage of non-renewable source of energy in future. As the world is continuously developed and new technologies are int roduced, the demand of power source also increases with time. To fulfill this demand , fossil fue ls are not sufficient enough. So the use of renewable source of energy is an important step tow ards the future. In recent days, diesel engines are most preferable and commercially very useful engine because of its high thermal efficiency and lesser fuel consumptions. But its also operated on consumpti on of primary fuel. And there is too much emission of Cox, Nox , HC and other pollutant . To reduce this effect on environment and make it more eco-friendly the use of alternative fuels l ike methanol, ethanol, butanol, pentanol, bio oil, hydrogen esters alcohols etc. with diesel is ver y much important. Many research work have been already done on the diesel engine using bina ry blend e.g. methanol with diesel, ethanol with diesel etc. with other additives and ternary ble nd e.g. methanol, pentanol with diesel or pentanol, oil biodiesel with diesel etc. and they have a lso approved some better performance on thermal efficiency , emission control and other perfo rmance parameters and also reduce the emission of Nox, PM, Smoke and soot particles. But in some papers it shows negative effect on HC emission with increasing alcohol in blend.
- 5. INTRODUCTION Ethanol as an alternative fuel is very much popular among the researcher around the world. It is most widely used alternative fuel with diesel because of its oxygenated characteristics that helps to increas e the amount of oxygen in the fuel blend and thus resulting better performance of combustion and re duce the emission of pollutant. And it can be easily produced from agriculture feedstock and also fro m sugarcane, potato, cassava and corn .which shows its renewable form. Pentanol, a long-chain alcohol is also use as an alternative fuel now a days. It is also enriched with ox ygen content which may help to improve the performance of combustion and can improve thermo-ph ysical properties such as density, cetane number, flashpoint, viscosity and boiling point. In addition, lo ng-chain alcohol-diesel fuel blend shows no phase separation and can normally run without any addit ional additive to avoid phase separation . Although there are many research work have been done by using binary fuel blend and ternary fuel bl end none of any researcher use the blend of ethanol plus pentanol with diesel. by using this ternery bl end in diesel engine may improve some performance parameter and may also reduce the overall emis sion of pollutant. And it may be better choice for use as alternative fuels in CI engine which is totally unknown to everyone till now. To cover this gap, this experimental work is conducted by simulating D80P20 (diesel80% , pentanol20 %), D70P20E10 (diesel70% , pentanol20%,ethanol10%), D70P15E15 on DIESEL RK Software and also s tudy the total performance parameter and combustion behavior of the engine . This simulation is don e on 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 , 2.5 , 3 , 3.5 kw load with a constant speed 1500 rpm.
- 6. 02 ABSTRACT
- 7. ABSTRACT A simulation study has been done for checking the performance parameters, combustion and exha ust emission of a diesel engine by using diesel, ethanol and pentanol mixture. These test fuels are mixed at different proportions and test has been done on diesel rk simulation software. Th e test fuels are denoted as D100(Diesel), D80P20(80% Diesel,20% pentanol), D70P20E10(70% Diesel,20% pentanol and 10% Ethanol) and D70P15E15(70% Diesel,15% Pentanol and 15% Eth anol).The simulation runs at constant rpm and at different loads. By applying this condition, pe rformance parameters, combustion and exhaust emission will be measured. During this test w e will analyse the change in exhaust emission rate of the gases like HC, COx, NOx e.t.c. and als o analyse the change in performance parameters and combustion rate.
- 8. Diesel-RK as an engine simulation tool Diesel-RK is an Russian engine simulation tool. This is a full cycle thermodynamic engine simulation software wh ere a wide variety of IC engine can be analyzed by creating a model engine. The following engines are two str oke, four stroke SI petrol engines or CI diesel engines, DI diesel engines including PCCI, dual fuel engines (en gines having few independent fuel injection system ) etc. Variety types of fuel or fuel blend can be simulated and optimized. Diesel RK is a thermodynamic tool and engine cylinders are considered as open thermodyna mic system. Main applications of DIESEL -RK are as follows: Torque curve and other engine performances prediction. Fuel consumption prediction and optimization. Combustion and emission analysis and optimization. Knock prediction. Valve timing optimization. EGR system analysis and optimization. Turbocharger and bypasses matching and optimization. Research and optimization of fuel injection profile including multiple injection, sprayer design and location a s well as piston bowl shape optimization. Convert of diesel engines into gas engines. Dual fuel engine analysis.
- 10. PROPERTIES OF FUELS Properties Diesel n-Pentanol Ethanol D80P20 D70P20E10 D70P15E15 Kinematic Viscosity (mm2/s) (at 40 尊C) 2.72 2.89 1.13 2.754 2.595 2.507 Cetane Number 52 20 8 45.6 41.2 40.6 Lower Heating Value or Heat Cont ent (MJ/kg) 42.49 34.65 26.83 40.922 39.356 38.965 Molecular weight (kg/kmol) 88.15 46.07 17.63 22.237 20.133 Specific vaporization heat (kJ/kg) 308.05 918.42 61.61 153.452 183.971 Vapour pressure (mm-Hg) at (? K) 0.4 6 55 1.52 6.98 9.43 O % 0 18.15 34.73 3.63 7.103 7.932 C% 86.13 68.13 52.14 82.53 79.131 78.3315 H% 13.87 13.61 13.02 13.818 13.733 13.7035 S% 0.01 0 0 0.008 0.007 0.007 Density (kg/m3) 0.832 0.815 0.758 0.8286 0.7454 0.70465 Surface tension (N/m) (at 20尊C) 0.0275 0.0247 0.015 0.02694 0.02569 0.02521
- 11. TEST ENGINE SPECIFICATION Cylinder Bore, D, (mm) 87.5 Piston Stroke, S, (mm) 110 Compression Ratio 17.5 Number of Cylinders 1 Working Cycle Four-Stroke Cycle Connecting Rod Length, (mm) 234 Ratio of Crank Radius to Connecting Rod 0.235 Normal Engine Speed, (rpm) 1500 Basic Engine Mechanism Design Crank Gear Material of Cylinder head Iron Average Thickness of Cylinder Wall Head, (mm) 6.12
- 12. 04 DATA ANALYSIS
- 13. DATA ANALYSIS (SPM vs. LOAD) The graphs shown above shows the behaviour of different performance parameters and exhaust gases vs load of the fuels. Spm vs load- The graph shows that D100 is highest spm producers among the others.It occurs generally because of improper combustion and heavy fuel and that's why D100 is at the top. But other fuels are alcohol blended so spm is reduced. Higher volatility and higher oxygen content ensures complete combustion and helps in reduction of spm.Also carbon amount is reduced in blended fuels, its also a cause of their reduced spm amount.
- 14. DATA ANALYSIS ( ITE vs. LOAD) ITE vs load- The graph shows that the ITE of diesel alcohol blends is higher than D100.Ternary blend have the highest values of ITE.This has occurred mainly due to the greater amount of oxygen content in alcohol blends which ensures good combustion. Another reason is the longer ignition delay helps in reducing the heat loss due to less time for heat dissipation from the cylinder
- 15. DATA ANALYSIS ( IGNITION DELAY vs. LOAD) Ignition delay vs load- Ignition delay generally occurs due to lower cetane number and higher self ignition temp. Ignition delay of alcohol blends is more due to the lower cetane number and higher self ignition temperatures than D100.During higher loads ignition delay decreases due to higher in cylinder temp.
- 16. DATA ANALYSIS ( FLA vs. LOAD) Factor of light absorption vs load- Factor of light absorption of alcohol blends is less than pure diesel due to fact that pure diesel has less amount of oxygen so CO is formed, this so it means more unburnt hydrocarbons which results in higher value of factor of light absorption than blends where oxygen content is much more than pure diesel.
- 17. DATA ANALYSIS (CO2 EMISSION vs. LOAD) CO2 vs. load- Diesel creates higher CO2 emission because higher temperature and gets excess O2 from the air . In case of other ethanol and pentanol blend ,the CO2 Emissions were decreased due to low C/H ratio and also temperature were decreased due to alcoholic effect from ethanol , so emission of CO2 is lower .
- 18. DATA ANALYSIS ( AIR FUEL RATIO vs. LOAD) Air fuel ratio vs load- The low sp. gravity and low calorific values of diesel alcohol blends demand more fuel for combustion. So, the air fuel ratio of alcohol blends are more than that of pure diesel. The amount of alcohol s hould be 1.28 times greater than pure diesel to achieve the same power output.
- 19. DATA ANALYSIS (BTE vs. LOAD) BTE vs. load- BTE of alcohol blends are higher than pure diesel due to the amount of oxygen in al cohols. Greater oxygen content means better combustion which improves BTE.
- 20. DATA ANALYSIS ( BSFC vs. LOAD ) BSFC vs. load- Due to the low sp. gravity of alcohol blends and their low calorific value, alcohol blends require more fuel than pure diesel. So,alcohol blends cosume much more fuel than pure diesel.
- 21. DATA ANALYSIS ( NOx EMISSION VS LOAD) NOx vs. load- NOx emissions of DP20 is higher than pure diesel because of more amount of oxygen content in t he blend. Oxygen in fuel contributes towards good combustion and temperature increases inside the cylinder. Higher temperatures contribute towards more NOx emissions. Ternary blends have ethanol which has decreas ed the temperature which in turn is the cause for less NOx emission for ternary blends.
- 22. CONCLUSION After analysing the different behaviour of the fuels under different conditions we found out that each and every fuel has some merits and demerits. Discussion has been done, based on different performance parameters and emissions of different gases. Performance parameters like ITE and BTE is more for blend fuels that tells us that blending diesel with alcohols increases the efficiencies. But parameters like Bsfc is more for blend fuels, its a demerit for blend fuels because it means it consumes more fuel. Ignition delay is also more than diesel. Oxygen amount in alcohol blends help in many aspects. Now coming to gas emissions NOx emission is more for blend fuels specially DP20 due to higher oxygen content. Spm particles is more in case of diesel. So blending of diesel is helping in one aspect i.e. Spm particles also ternary blends with ethanol does less NOx emission than diesel. These points indicate that blending of pure diesel may help in improving performance, efficiency and some emission characteristics. It has got some demerits too but these blended fuels may become a good alternative fuel in the future.
- 23. REFERENCE L. XINGCAI ET AL. THE INFLUENCE OF ETHANOL ADDITIVES ON THE PERFORMANCE AND COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL ENGINES. Received 26 June 2003; accepted 5 February 2004. Nicolae Vlad BURNETE*, Nicolae FILIP, Istv叩n BARABS, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, B- dul Muncii Nr. 103-105, 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Rom但nia. DIESEL-ETHANOL BLENDS AND THEIR USE IN DIESEL ENGINES. Tarkan SandalcJ,Yasin Karag旦z, Emre Orak, and Levent Y端ksek. An Experimental Investigation of Ethanol-Diesel Blends on Performance and Exhaust Emissions of Diesel Engines. Abdullah et al. Effect of Pentanol-Diesel Fuel Blends on Thermo-Physical Properties, Combustion Characteristics, Engine Performance and Emissions of a Diesel Engine Liangjie Weia,b,, C.S.Cheunga ,Zuohua Huangb, Effect of n-pentanol addition on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine.
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