Taxonomy objectives
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The document outlines key concepts in taxonomy and classification of organisms including: 1. Aristotle's early classification system and why it was replaced. 2. Linnaeus' major contribution of using morphological characteristics to classify organisms into a hierarchical system. 3. Modern taxonomy classifies organisms using a variety of evidence like molecular data and places them in domains, kingdoms, phyla and ultimately species. 4. Phylogenetic trees and cladistics further classification by examining shared derived traits.
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Taxonomy objectives
- 1. 1. Explain the criteria Aristotle used to classify organisms. 2. Explain why naturalists replaced Aristotles classification system. 3. Identify the main criterion Linnaeus used to classify organisms. 4. Describe the important contributions of Carolus Linnaeus to the field of taxonomy. 5. List the common levels of modern classification from general to specific. 6. Explain how related two organisms are by comparing the taxa to which they belong 7. Describe the rules for giving an organism a scientific name. 8. Define the following terms: taxonomy, taxon, kingdom, domain, phylum, division, class, order, family, genus, species, binomial nomenclature, subspecies 9. Identify the kinds of evidence that modern biologists use in classifying organisms 10. Explain what information a phylogenetic tree displays 11. State the criteria used in cladistic analysis 12. Describe how a cladogram is made and interpreted. 13. Construct a cladogram. 14. Discuss how macromolecules are used to classify organisms. 15. Define the following terms: systematics, phylogenetics, phylogenetic tree, cladistics, shared derived character, primitive character, cladogram 16. Describe the evidence that prompted the invention of the three-domain system of classification. 17. List the characteristics that distinguish between the domains Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. 18. Describe the unique characteristics of each of the six kingdoms. 19. Explain why taxonomic systems continue to change. 20. Explain cladistic taxonomy, and identify one conclusion that is in conflict with classical taxonomy.