This document discusses theodolite surveying. It defines a theodolite as an instrument used to accurately measure horizontal and vertical angles. The document outlines the components of a theodolite and different types including transit, non-transit, vernier, micrometer, digital/electronic, and optic theodolites. It also defines various technical terms used in theodolite surveying such as swinging, transiting, face left, face right, and changing face. The main uses and functions of a theodolite are to measure horizontal and vertical angles, magnetic bearings, deflection angles, horizontal distances, and elevations.