Timeline to civil war
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The document discusses key events and issues around the expansion of slavery in the United States between 1846-1861, including the Wilmot Proviso, Compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act, Dred Scott decision, Lincoln's election and the American Civil War. It provides context on political figures and events on both sides of the slavery debate.
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Timeline to civil war
- 1. The The By Kings Floyd
- 2. Wilmot Proviso Kansas- 1846 Fugitive slave act Republicans Nebraska Lincoln Compromise of 1850 Uncle Toms Anthony Dred Scott Crittenden Cabin Burns compromise
- 3. -provided an appropriation of $2 million to enable President Polk to negotiate a territorial settlement with Mexico. -introduced an amendment to the bill stipulating that none of the territory acquired in the Mexican War should be open to slavery. -the bill was passed in the House, but the Senate adjourned without voting on it. Wanted the proviso to be passed and therefore voted for it to pass through the House and the Would not vote on it and Senate. David Wilmot was a Representative and a therefore it was rejected Senator from Pennsylvania, and took a leading part from the senate. in the founding of the Republican Party in 1854. He wrote the proviso as a strategy to prevent a civil war, which worked for awhile.
- 4. - Texas would relinquish the land in dispute but would be given 10 million dollars - Regarding Washington, the slave trade would be abolished in the District of Columbia, although slavery would still be permitted. - California would be admitted as a free state. -The Fugitive Slave Act was passed. was not keen on the compromise of 1850. It wanted had a different idea. They thought the compromise to help free slaves, but because of the Fugitive slave was, if not enitirely fair, a way to settle the slavery act, there would be consequences for their actions. issue. The compromise however was only This act caused many infamous cases that were key in temporary, because the south and the north were dividing the nation even more not happy with the results. The Compromise of 1850 accomplished what it set out to do -- it kept the nation united -- but the solution was only temporary.
- 5. The fugitive slave act was a part of the Compromise of 1850. The act said that for any slave, free or not, returned to the owner would get a payment of $10. The slaves had no right to a trial by jury, and by any chance the slave was released, the person who set them free would only receive $5. The north was so outraged that the laws were passed that it inspired Harriet Beecher Stowe to right Uncle Toms Cabin. Was absolutely outraged, Saw these laws a and riots broke out in many compromise for making towns. The north tried to California a free state. They pass legislation designed to were overall happy with the hamper the federal law, because many slaves, commissioners' activities, but free or not, were being the government declared returned to the south. them unconstitutional.
- 6. Harriet Beecher Stowe was born in Connecticut and she was an active abolitionist> Her novel, Uncle Toms Cabin, focuses on the character of Uncle Tom, a long-suffering black slave around whom the stories of other charactersboth fellow slaves and slave ownersrevolve. The story was a great push in the direction of pointing out the injustices of slavery, and the book was the best-selling novel of the 19th century, and the second best-selling book of that century, following the Bible. Was enraged at the book, Was enthralled with the because they felt the book book. They thought the was not accurate, and didnt book pointed out portray slavery correctly. significant point on the They tried to stifle the injustice of slavery and popularity of the book, but to used it as motivation for no avail. The books fighting the south. reputation preceded it and it was an amazing success.
- 7. The Republican Party name was christened in an editorial written by New York newspaper magnate Horace Greeley. Greeley printed in June 1854: "We should not care much whether those thus united (against slavery) were designated 'Whig,' 'Free Democrat' or something else; though we think some simple name like 'Republican' would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery." The start of the Republican Party led to the downfall of the Whigs and the American (know-nothing) Party.
- 8. Anthony Burns was a very privileged slave, however he wanted more then just privileges, he wanted his rights and his freedom. when he got his chance, Anthony boarded a boat and headed north to Boston, a fugitive, but free. He sent a letter to his brother but his master, Charles Suttle of Alexandria, Virginia, found out about where he was, he went to retrieve Anthony and bring him back to VA. The Northerners could not hide The southerners were behind the Anthony because of the fugitive slave act, master, Charles Suttle. Even the however they did hold a rally. Two President at that time, Franklin groups, one made up of freed slaves and Pierce, was firm on the fact that one made up of white abolitionists met to Burns had to return to Virginia. try and free Anthony. Both failed, and He ordered marines and Anthony was walked onto a boat that artillery to see him home. sailed for VA. A black church soon raised $1300 to purchase Burns' freedom. In less than a year Anthony Burns was back in Boston, a free man.
- 9. It allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders. The Act served to repeal the Missouri Compromise of 1820 which prohibited slavery north of latitude 36属30卒. Was furious because they thought the In the pro-slavery South it Mississippi Compromise was a long- was strongly supported, and standing, binding agreement. many southerners rushed into the territory to settle pro-slavery territory. So much disagreement in the area led to the Bleeding of Kansas, and President Franklin Pierce had to send in troops to resolve the situation.
- 10. It was declared in March 1857 by the US Supreme Court that no black, slave or not, could ever become a citizen of the United States. The court also declared the 1820 Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, thus permitting slavery in all of the country's territories. The case before the court was that of Dred Scott v. Sanford. Dred Scott, a slave who had lived in the free state of Illinois and the free territory of Wisconsin before moving back to the slave state of Missouri, had appealed to the Supreme Court in hopes of being granted his freedom. The judge stated that in reference to the Declaration of Independence that all men are created equal; "it is too clear for dispute, that the enslaved African race were not intended to be included, and formed no part of the people who framed and adopted this declaration. . . . Fredrick Douglass announced, "my hopes were never brighter than now." HE thought the decision would bring slavery to the attention of the nation and was a step toward slavery's ultimate destruction.
- 11. Lincoln was nominated in 1860 and became president in 1861. Not an abolitionist, he held the slavery issue secondary to that of preserving the Union, but soon decided that the war could not be brought to a successful conclusion without freeing the slaves. Experienced a great Was happy, as the economic downturn with no slaves were more slaves. They had to eventually freed change their whole way of and slavery was living and were not happy officially ended. about the outcome of the war.
- 12. The Crittenden Compromise was the last effort to resolve the secession crisis of 1860-61 by political negotiation. Authored by Kentucky Senator John Crittenden (whose two sons would become generals on opposite sides of the Civil War) it was an attempt to resolve the crisis by addressing the concerns that led the states of the Lower South to contemplate secession. The Compromise, proposed December 18, 1860, consisted of a six proposed constitutional amendments, and four proposed Congressional resolutions. None of them worked out.
- 13. http://www.infoplease.com/biography/us/congress/wilmot- david.html http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0852373.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2915.html http://www.nationalcenter.org/FugitiveSlaveAct.html http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h137.html http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=W000566 http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4h2933.html http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/kansas.htm