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Technology and Livelihood Education – Quarter 1 –
Lesson 1
Teacher

TLE 10
This is the ‘technique in
combining hydroponics and
aquaculture in a system that
cultivates plants in recirculated
aquaculture water’. Aquaculture
and hydroponics are recirculated
and integrated into one production
system.
What is Aquaponics?

TLE 10
In aquaponics, it is important to have a biofilter. It
provides a place where bacteria are able to convert
ammonia (toxic for the fish) into nitrate (nutrient for
plants). This is called nitrification. Through this, the
plant, fish, and bacteria will live symbiotically, meaning
they are beneficial to each other. Thus, a whole ecosystem
and balanced environment are created.
As seen above, this is a simple aquaponic
unit. The water from the fish tank goes
through the filters, the grow beds and
returns to the fish. Solid waste is removed,
and water is cleaned through the
mechanical filter. The biofilter then
processes the dissolved wastes through
nitrification.

TLE 10
Weaknesses of Aquaponic Food
Production
• Costly start-up costs
• More expensive than hydroponics or aquaculture
• Importance of relevant aquaponic knowledge on
fish, bacteria, and plants
• Fish and plants are temperature-dependent
• Less management choices
• Errors/mistakes can ruin the system
• Daily management is needed
• Access to electricity, seeds, and fish
• Food produced is not a complete diet

TLE 10
One project called Barangay Aquaponics aims to
promote aquaponics to marginalized communities for
them to be able to grow their own food and sell the
products they will produce. According to the founder
of the project, an investment of 15,000 pesos would
be needed to start one—through this, families will be
able to grow 100 tilapia and shrimp on the tank and
plant 50 cash crops like lettuce and herbs.
The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources of
the Department of Agriculture has also launched its
Urban Aquaponics program to support food production
in the metropolis.

TLE 10
We mean fish tank sizes.
• Usually, a fish
tank size of 1000
liters and a
growing space of 3
square meters is
considered as
small scale and
can be utilized
for domestic
production of one

TLE 10
creating a semi-
commercial to a
commercial setup of
aquaponic units will
require an expensive
start-up cost as well as
good expertise in the
system. Many of those
who integrate commercial
aquaponic systems are
farms that already have
monoculture practices,
with aquaponics being an
add-on to their farm.

TLE 10
Many farms abroad
have created a
full commercial
system and have
created revenue
through fish and
vegetable species
and providing
supplies to local
restaurants,
groceries, and

Lesson 1.2
Teacher

TLE 10
Aquaculture is the
“captive rearing and
production of fish and
other aquatic animal and
plant species under
controlled conditions”
What is Aquaculture?

TLE 10
It is also defined as the
breeding, rearing, and
harvesting of fish,
shellfish, algae, and other
organisms in all types of
water environments
What is Aquaculture?

TLE 10
MARINE AQUACULTURE OR
MARICULTURE
This is a type of aquaculture
that refers to farming in the
ocean, estuaries, and other
marine bodies of water. It
produces various species such
as oysters, clams, mussels,
shrimp, seaweeds, and various
species of fish, depending on
what the body of water has

TLE 10
FRESHWATER AQUACULTURE
This is a type of aquaculture
that produces freshwater
species. This is usually done
on manmade systems, fish
ponds, fish cages, fish pens,
or even in rice paddies.
Usually cultured species are
tilapia, eels, catfish, among
others.

TLE 10
BRACKISHWATER AQUACULTURE
This is a type of aquaculture done
usually in fish ponds in coastal
areas. For example, milkfish or
bangus, are usually cultured in
brackishwater ponds in the
Philippines.
This can also be done on various
culturing medium such as fish
pond, fish pen, fish cages, and
fish tanks.

TLE 10
1. CULTURE TANK
This is where the fish
live during their
growth. The three
phases of fish
production are
Phase 1: Hatchery
Phase 2: Nursery
Phase 3: Grow out

TLE 10
2. AERATION
This process agitates
the water in producing
a wide surface area of
contact between air
and water, which
improves gas exchange.

TLE 10
3. AERATION
All the water coming
out from the tanks are
considered waste. This
is a system to remove
solid waste since it
is harmful for the
fish to live and grow
with.

TLE 10
3. AERATION
Solids Filtration –
Since fish usually are
not able to eat the
fish feed, a quarter
to a half of the feed
will become waste that
must be removed.

TLE 10
3. AERATION
Biological Filtration –
The biofilter has a
substrate where good
bacteria grow in large
densities.
Sump Tank – This is where
the water is collected
through gravity. It is
found at the bottom of the
system.

TLE 10
4. PUMPS
This is used to move water
from the different
components. It is designed
to have a flow dynamic fit
for the system. Examples
are impeller pumps and
airlift pumps.

TLE 10
5. PLUMBING
his is for the transfer of
water to the system
components. Not to be
confused with the pump,
these are the materials
themselves that make up
the plumbing system (e.g.
PVC pipes, etc.)

Lesson 1.3
Teacher

TLE 10
Hydroponics is the ‘method
of growing agricultural
crops without the use of
soil’. In hydroponics, soil
is replaced with growing
media, or also called
substrates.
What is Hydroponics?

TLE 10
1. WICK SYSTEM
This is the simplest type
of hydroponic system. It
is a passive system where
the nutsol is drawn to the
medium with a wick.
However this cannot work
with large plants or
require large amounts of
water since they will use
up the nutsol quickly.

TLE 10
2. WATER CULTURE
This is a system where a
platform retains the
plants floating above the
nutrient solution. The
platform is made up of
Styrofoam. An air pump is
also inserted to supply
air to the air stone
giving oxygen to the roots
and provides bubbles to
the nutsol.

TLE 10
3. EBB AND FLOW
This is a system that
temporarily floods the
grow tray with nutsol, and
then draining the solution
back to the tank. A pump
is used to connect to the
timer on when the system
activates. Also known as
the flood and drain
system.

TLE 10
4. DRIP SYSTEM
This is the most widely used
system of hydroponics. A timer
regulates the pump. When the
pump turns on, the nutsol is
dripped onto each plant
through a drip line. There are
two subtypes of this system
namely the recovery and
nonrecovery system; the
recovery is able to collect
excess nutsol while the non-
recovery does not.

TLE 10
5. NUTRIENT FILM
TECHNIQUE (NFT)
This system has a constant
flow of nutsol. A grow tray
where all the plants are
placed has a pump inserted
where nutsol is being given.
The nutsol then flows over the
roots and returns to the
reservoir. Growing medium is
not important in this system.

TLE 10
6. AEROPONICS
This is similar to the NFT
system where the medium is
air. The roots that hang in
the air are misted with nutsol
every few minutes.

TLE 10
1. GROW LIGHT
If hydroponics is done indoors,
lighting that is similar to sunlight
is required. Ideally, fluorescent
lights are used to grow foliage
plants. For vegetables, metal halide
lights are used for better efficient
lighting.
2. GROW MEDIUM
A grow medium replaces the soil and
provides the support and moisture of
the plant. Common grow media include
rockwool, sand, gravel, bark, coconut
fiber, vermiculite, foam, perlite,
and other mixes.

TLE 10
3. NUTRIENT SOLUTION
This has all the nutrients required
by the plants. This is made up of
water and the nutrients required –
and all nutsol are water-soluble.
4. NUTRIENT RESERVOIR
The reservoir acts as the tank where
the solution is placed. Anything can
be used from fish tanks, plastic
container, Styrofoam, and other
containers that can hold water.

TLE 10
5. GROW TRAY
The grow tray holds the plants. It is
a common misconception that the
plants are directly placed in the
nutsol. This is where the grow media
and the plants are placed.
6. PUMP
The pump basically pumps water from
the reservoir. This provides the
water oxygen and stops algae from
growing in the reservoir. Having
water circulation creates a system
free from algae and cleaner.

TLE 10
7. AIR STONE
Air stone is used to diffuse air
inside a tank or aquarium from an
aerator or blower. However, take note
that it is not the airstone that adds
the oxygen, but the aerator or
blower.

Lesson 1

TLE 10
TRUE OR FALSE
1. Aquaponics is a water-efficient system.
2. The main purpose of a small – scale aquaponic system is to provide
food for domestic use.
3. Aquaponics, being an efficient system, is being integrated in many
developing countries in South America, Asia, and Africa, among many
others. These initiatives are usually done through small – scale
aquaponics units built in urban areas.
4. Aquaponics always requires the use of fertilizers and pesticides.
5. One of the benefits of aquaponics is that it can be done almost
anywhere.

TLE 10
TRUE OR FALSE
6. Aquaponics is not a soil – less system. It is required for the plants to
survive.
7. Aquaponics takes advantage of the production of cash crops
efficiently.
8. Planning for a large – scale aquaponic system will need a plan for its
business side to avoid loss and to stabilize the farm.
9. Aquaculture is the method of growing agricultural crops without the
use to soil.
10.The Aquaponic system loses 1 to 3% of its water volume daily.

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TLE10 Q1 L1.pptx

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