Atticus Finch bravely defends Tom Robinson, a black man falsely accused of raping a white woman, in a small Alabama town in the 1930s. Despite overwhelming evidence of Tom's innocence, the jury convicts him due to the pervasive racism of the town. The themes explored in the novel include racial inequality and injustice, the importance of perspective and empathy, and the moral courage required to stand up for one's principles in the face of opposition.