UNDERSTANDING LASSA FEVER
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Lassa fever is caused by the Lassa virus and is spread chiefly from rodents to humans. It was first discovered in Nigeria and is highly prevalent in West African countries, where an estimated 300-500,000 cases and 5,000 deaths occur annually. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle pain and bleeding. Transmission occurs through contact with infected rodent excreta or bodily fluids or inhalation of aerosolized viruses. Prevention focuses on eliminating rodents and maintaining clean households and personal hygiene. While there is no cure, early diagnosis and treatment can reduce mortality.
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A simple presentation on the Lassa fever endemic in Nigeria - from its first discovery in a town called Lassa in northeastern Nigeria, the mode of transmission, to the control and prevention measures that can be applied to curbing the spread of the virus. Suitable for rural sensitization.
Excerpt from CDC -- [Signs & symptoms]
Signs and symptoms of Lassa fever typically occur 1-3 weeks after the patient comes into contact with the virus. For the majority of Lassa fever virus infections (approximately 80%), symptoms are mild and are undiagnosed. Mild symptoms include slight fever, general malaise and weakness, and headache. In 20% of infected individuals, however, disease may progress to more serious symptoms including hemorrhaging (in gums, eyes, or nose, as examples), respiratory distress, repeated vomiting, facial swelling, pain in the chest, back, and abdomen, and shock. Neurological problems have also been described, including hearing loss, tremors, and encephalitis. Death may occur within two weeks after symptom onset due to multi-organ failure.
The most common complication of Lassa fever is deafness. Various degrees of deafness occur in approximately one-third of infections, and in many cases hearing loss is permanent. As far as is known, severity of the disease does not affect this complication: deafness may develop in mild as well as in severe cases.
Approximately 15%-20% of patients hospitalized for Lassa fever die from the illness. However, only 1% of all Lassa virus infections result in death. The death rates for women in the third trimester of pregnancy are particularly high. Spontaneous abortion is a serious complication of infection with an estimated 95% mortality in fetuses of infected pregnant mothers.
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Understanding Rabies: Causes, Symptoms, and PreventionPetCareOnline
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Rabies is a viral disease that has struck fear into human hearts for centuries. This
deadly virus, primarily transmitted through the bite of an infected animal, affects
both animals and humans. In this article, we will delve into the causes, symptoms,
and prevention of rabies, shedding light on this menacing but preventable disease.Misconceptions About Ebola Virus Disease
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The document discusses misconceptions about the Ebola virus, including that it is airborne, anyone infected will die, being around an infected person poses a high risk, and it can be transmitted through fruit. It notes some people believed doctors contracted it through the air, while others were trained it's not airborne but still believe air transmission occurred. One person thought mosquitoes could transmit it like malaria. The document examines misunderstandings about how Ebola spreads among various groups in West Africa.Lecture 3. epid. charact. of vector borne infections
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This document summarizes several vector-borne and parenterally transmitted infectious diseases including plague, Lyme disease, malaria, and typhus. It describes the etiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, and prevention of each disease. Key details provided include that plague is transmitted by rat fleas and causes a febrile illness, Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks and causes characteristic skin rash and flu-like symptoms, malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes and caused by Plasmodium parasites, and typhus is transmitted by lice or fleas and caused by Rickettsia bacteria.communicable Diseases
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The document provides information about various communicable diseases including Malaria, AIDS, Typhoid, Elephantiasis, Tuberculosis, and Cholera. For each disease, it discusses the causes, symptoms, and methods of prevention. Malaria is spread by mosquitoes and causes shaking chills, fever, and anemia. AIDS is caused by the HIV virus and left untreated can lead to death. Typhoid is caused by Salmonella bacteria and can cause fever, abdominal pain, and rash. Elephantiasis is caused by filarial worms spread through mosquitoes and causes thickened skin. Tuberculosis is a widespread problem that causes cough, weight loss, and fatigue. Cholera, causedDengue introduction
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The document summarizes dengue fever, which is caused by a virus transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. It affects over 100 tropical and subtropical countries with major epidemics since the 1980s. The disease causes flu-like symptoms including fever, rash, and joint pain. A more severe form is dengue hemorrhagic fever which can be fatal if untreated. Prevention relies on controlling the mosquito population by eliminating breeding sites and applying larvicides. There is currently no vaccine available.Eh203 infectious & lifestyle diseases-Plague by JOSHUA SELI
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This document discusses Ebola virus disease (EVD), including its origins, transmission, symptoms, and treatment. It notes that Ebola is transmitted through contact with bodily fluids of infected humans or animals. While it is not airborne, ignorance has led to unnecessary fears. Ebola viruses normally reside in animals without causing illness, but human contact through bushmeat consumption and habitat encroachment can lead to transmission. Symptoms include fever and bleeding, and while there is no approved vaccine or drug, isolation and hygiene are critical to prevent further spread.Building healthy india
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Rabies is a deadly virus spread to people from the saliva of infected animals. The rabies virus is usually transmitted through a bite.
Animals most likely to transmit rabies in the United States include bats, coyotes, foxes, raccoons and skunks. In developing countries of Africa and Southeast Asia, stray dogs are the most likely to spread rabies to people.
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The document summarizes information about Ebola virus hemorrhagic fever and Lassa virus hemorrhagic fever. It describes the etiology, epidemiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the two viral hemorrhagic fevers. Ebola virus causes a severe multisystem disease in humans characterized by fever, headache and bleeding. Lassa fever is endemic in West Africa and transmitted from rodents to humans, causing fever, bleeding and organ dysfunction. Treatment involves supportive care and the antiviral drug ribavirin.Com. id maigwa
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Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic illness that occurs in West Africa. It is caused by the Lassa virus and transmitted through contact with infected rodent urine/feces or person-to-person via bodily fluids. Symptoms include fever, general weakness, and bleeding. It is diagnosed through antibody and virus detection tests. Prevention focuses on rodent control and personal hygiene while treatment utilizes the antiviral drug Ribavirin. Lassa fever remains a public health concern in West Africa due to its high mortality rate.AJSC2013(2.1-06).pdf
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The Rift Valley fever virus is spread primarily by mosquitoes and affects livestock like cattle, sheep and goats. It can also infect humans. The virus was first identified in Kenya in 1931 during a sheep epidemic. It causes high fever, hemorrhagic disease and death in animals and humans. While most human cases are mild, some can develop vision loss, hemorrhagic fever or thrombosis. There is no specific treatment, but vaccination has been developed for animals to control outbreaks.PLASMODIUM
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It is a disease caused by a plasmodium parasite, transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. Affected continents are AFRICA, SOUTH ASIA, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, HAITI AND OTHER AREAS IN THE CARIBBEAN, EASTERN EUROPE, ISLANDS IN THE CENTRAL AND SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN (OCEANIA).
PLASMODIUM
PLASMODIUMESTAMUNIVERSITYSEMEC1
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It is a disease caused by a plasmodium parasite, transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. Affected continents are AFRICA, SOUTH ASIA, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, HAITI AND OTHER AREAS IN THE CARIBBEAN, EASTERN EUROPE, ISLANDS IN THE CENTRAL AND SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN (OCEANIA).
UNDERSTANDING LASSA FEVER
- 1. UNDERSTANDING LASSA FEVER PROJECT MATERIAL OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS C.D.S GROUP, MODAKEKE, IFE- EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT, AREA OFFICE.
- 2. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION PATHOGENESIS AND AETIOLOGY SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS TRANSMISSION PREVENTION TREATMENT
- 3. PATHOGENESIS AND AETIOLOGY Lassa hemorrhagic fever is caused by the Lassa Virus. First discovered in 1969 in Lassa town, Borno State, Nigeria. The viral disease is highly spread in West African Countries. Since the outbreak of Lassa fever 300-500,000 cases are recorded yearly. 5000 people are estimated to die from Lassa annually. Lassa Fever outbreaks have occurred in Nigeria, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea etc. Lassa virus is a member of the Arenaviridae Virus Family. It is similar to Ebola.
- 4. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF LASSA The asymptomatic incubation period for Lassa Fever lasts between 6- 21 days. Symptoms of Lassa include Fever, Headache, Facial Swelling, Muscle Fatigue, Conjunctivitis, Mucosal Bleeding, Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting, Back Ache, Sore Throat and Joint Pain. Rashes can also appear all over the body which are bloody and very painful. The Genitals of the infected may also swell.
- 5. TRANSMISSION Lassa Fever is spread chiefly from rodents to humans, specifically the Multimammate Mice i.e. Mastomys Natalensis. This specie is commonly found in the human household The rat sheds the virus in their Excreta i.e. Urine/Feces, their saliva and other bodily fluids. The virus can also be aerolised i.e. dispersed finely in the air thus transmitted through inhalation. Direct contact with the blood and bodily fluid of an infected person.
- 6. PREVENTION Zero tolerance to rats at home and in food supplies is the ultimate measure for prevention. Avoidance of contact with Rats. Maintenance of effective personal hygiene and a clean household/environment. Cooking of all foods thoroughly. Fumigation of the Household and its immediate vicinity. Washing of the hands always and Not eating Rats.
- 7. TREATMENT Early detection and diagnosis greatly aids treatment, preventable death and reduces the risk of the transmission of the disease to others. It must be noted that there is no Cure for Lassa Fever it can only be managed. Also there is no Injection/Vaccine to prevent Lassa fever/