Zimmer cancer 2013 talk
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The document discusses how cancer evolves within the human body through a process of mutation, natural selection, and clonal expansion similar to biological evolution. Cancer cells accumulate mutations that allow them to grow and survive faster than normal cells over many generations, just as species accumulate adaptations over generations. This evolutionary process allows cancer to become more aggressive and develop resistance to therapies. The document uses examples like Tasmanian devils, dogs, and HeLa cells to illustrate how cancer can even transfer between individuals like a contagious disease.
Zimmer cancer 2013 talk
- 1. The Devils Tumor June 14, 2013 Carl Zimmer Friday, June 14, 13
- 2. Disclosures I have no con鍖icts of interest to disclose Friday, June 14, 13
- 3. Causes of death in the United States, 2010 http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6208a8.htm?s_cid=mm6208a8_w, http://who.int Worldwide, 7.8 million deaths from cancer each year (A San Francisco every month) Friday, June 14, 13
- 4. Rick Eh/Flicker via Creative Commons http://www.鍖ickr.com/photos/rick-in-rio Friday, June 14, 13
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- 8. George von Dassow, University of Oregon http://www.cell.com/cell_picture_show-cellcycle Friday, June 14, 13
- 9. x Mutations that speed up growth Friday, June 14, 13
- 10. x x x x Mutations that speed up growth Friday, June 14, 13
- 11. x x x x x x x xx Mutations that speed up growth Friday, June 14, 13
- 12. x x x x x x x xx x xx x xx x xxx xx x xx x xx x xx x xx x xx x xx x xx Mutations that speed up growth Friday, June 14, 13
- 14. Cancer Evolves Charles Darwin Friday, June 14, 13
- 15. Based on Gregory, Evo Edu Outreach (2009) 2:156175 Natural Selection Friday, June 14, 13
- 16. Generation 1 Based on Gregory, Evo Edu Outreach (2009) 2:156175 Natural Selection Friday, June 14, 13
- 17. Generation 1 Based on Gregory, Evo Edu Outreach (2009) 2:156175 X X Non-random survival X X Natural Selection Friday, June 14, 13
- 18. Generation 1 Reproduction and mutation Generation 2 Based on Gregory, Evo Edu Outreach (2009) 2:156175 X X Non-random survival X X Natural Selection Friday, June 14, 13
- 19. Generation 1 Reproduction and mutation Generation 2 Based on Gregory, Evo Edu Outreach (2009) 2:156175 X X Non-random survival X X Non-random survival XXX X Natural Selection Friday, June 14, 13
- 20. Generation 1 Reproduction and mutation Generation 2 Based on Gregory, Evo Edu Outreach (2009) 2:156175 X X Non-random survival X X Generation 3 Reproduction and mutation Non-random survival XXX X Natural Selection Friday, June 14, 13
- 21. Generation 1 Reproduction and mutation Generation 2 Based on Gregory, Evo Edu Outreach (2009) 2:156175 Many generations of mutation and natural selection Generation X X X Non-random survival X X Generation 3 Reproduction and mutation Non-random survival XXX X Natural Selection Friday, June 14, 13
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- 32. HeLa cells Landry, Jonathan JM, et al. G3: Genes| Genomes| Genetics (2013) Friday, June 14, 13
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- 34. HeLa cells Friday, June 14, 13
- 35. Helacyton gartleri? Friday, June 14, 13
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- 37. Glassy-winged sharpshooter (with residents) Nancy Moran PNAS 2007 (104) Suppl 1 8627-8633 Friday, June 14, 13
- 40. Courtesy Kathy Belov Friday, June 14, 13
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- 67. Friday, June 14, 13
- 68. Friday, June 14, 13
- 69. Thanks to Carlo Maley, Athena Aktipis, Rebecca Skloot, Beata Ujvari, and Kathy Belov For more information, please visit carlzimmer.com Friday, June 14, 13
- 70. Friday, June 14, 13
- 71. Opportunity for Somatic Evolution in a Human Lifetime Mutation rate: Point mutations: 10-11 10-7 bp/cell generation Chromosomal abnormalities: 10-6 per cell generation Methylation changes: ~10-3 per CpG/cell generation Number of mutations detected: 101 105 Generation time: 1 3 days Time from initiation to malignancy: decades (3 60 years) Number of generations: 102 104 Population size: 109 1012 cells Rate of clonal expansions: unknown More potential for evolution than the history of H. sapiens Note: uncertainty about all these parameters Friday, June 14, 13