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Hamlet prince of denmark
- 2. WRITTEN BY: THE GREAT WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
- 3. WHO IS WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE? Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, in 1564. Very little is known about his life, but by 1592 he was in London working as an actor and a dramatist. Between about 1590 and 1613, Shakespeare wrote at least 37 plays and collaborated on several more. Many of these plays were very successful both at court and in the public playhouses. In 1613, Shakespeare retired from the theatre and returned to Stratford- upon-Avon. He died and was buried there in 1616.
- 4. WHY SHAKESPEARE WROTE HAMLET? For money. Shakespeare was a professional playwright and also a part owner of the theatre. Audiences wanted new plays, not reruns, so it benefited the theatre companies and the owners to have a prolific playwright as part of the company.
- 5. WHAT WAS SHAKESPEARES INSPIRATION IN WRITING HAMLET? Many people think that Shakespeare based Hamlet on the legend of Amleth. There was also an old Elizabethan play named "Ur-Hamlet", which has now been lost. This is thought to be the biggest source for Shakespeare. Some believe that Shakespeare may have been inspired by the death of his own son 'Hamnet' when writing 'Hamlet.' His son was only 11 years old when he died, and as his only son, Shakespeare was probably deeply upset. Suggestions have been that the grief and loss that Shakespeare was feeling was put into the tragedy. If so, it is peculiar that he would have expressed these feelings four or five years after Hamnet's death but not in such plays as Henry IV Part I or The Merry Wives of Windsor which he wrote shortly afterwards. In all likelihood the connection with Shakespeare's son is entirely based on the coincidental similarity of the names Hamlet and Hamnet.
- 6. CHARACTERS IN THE STORY Hamlet - The Prince of Denmark, the title character, and the protagonist. About thirty years old at the start of the play, Hamlet is the son of Queen Gertrude and the late King Hamlet, and the nephew of the present king, Claudius. Hamlet is melancholy, bitter, and cynical, full of hatred for his uncles scheming and disgust for his mothers sexuality. A reflective and thoughtful young man who has studied at the University of Wittenberg, Hamlet is often indecisive and hesitant, but at other times prone to rash and impulsive acts.
- 7. CHARACTERS OF THE STORY Claudius - The King of Denmark, Hamlets uncle, and the plays antagonist. The villain of the play, Claudius is a calculating, ambitious politician, driven by his sexual appetites and his lust for power, but he occasionally shows signs of guilt and human feelinghis love for Gertrude, for instance, seems sincere.
- 8. CHARACTERS OF THE STORY Gertrude - The Queen of Denmark, Hamlets mother, recently married to Claudius. Gertrude loves Hamlet deeply, but she is a shallow, weak woman who seeks affection and status more urgently than moral rectitude or truth.
- 9. CHARACTERS OF THE STORY Polonius - The Lord Chamberlain of Claudiuss court, a pompous, conniving old man. Polonius is the father of Laertes and Ophelia.
- 10. CHARACTERS OF THE STORY Horatio - Hamlets close friend, who studied with the prince at the university in Wittenberg. Horatio is loyal and helpful to Hamlet throughout the play. After Hamlets death, Horatio remains alive to tell Hamlets story.
- 11. CHARACTERS OF THE STORY Ophelia - Poloniuss daughter, a beautiful young woman with whom Hamlet has been in love. Ophelia is a sweet and innocent young girl, who obeys her father and her brother, Laertes. Dependent on men to tell her how to behave, she gives in to Poloniuss schemes to spy on Hamlet. Even in her lapse into madness and death, she remains maidenly, singing songs about flowers and finally drowning in the river amid the flower garlands she had gathered.
- 12. CHARACTERS OF THE STORY Laertes - Poloniuss son and Ophelias brother, a young man who spends much of the play in France. Passionate and quick to action, Laertes is clearly a foil for the reflective Hamlet.
- 13. CHARACTERS OF THE STORY Fortinbras - The young Prince of Norway, whose father the king (also named Fortinbras) was killed by Hamlets father (also named Hamlet). Now Fortinbras wishes to attack Denmark to avenge his fathers honor, making him another foil for Prince Hamlet.
- 14. CHARACTERS OF THE STORY The Ghost - The specter of Hamlets recently deceased father. The ghost, who claims to have been murdered by Claudius, calls upon Hamlet to avenge him. However, it is not entirely certain whether the ghost is what it appears to be, or whether it is something else. Hamlet speculates that the ghost might be a devil sent to deceive him and tempt him into murder, and the question of what the ghost is or where it comes from is never definitively resolved.
- 15. CHARACTERS OF THE STORY Rosencrantz and Guildenstern - Two slightly bumbling courtiers, former friends of Hamlet from Wittenberg, who are summoned by Claudius and Gertrude to discover the cause of Hamlets strange behavior.
- 16. CHARACTERS OF THE STORY Marcellus and Bernardo - The officers who first see the ghost walking the ramparts of Elsinore and who summon Horatio to witness it. Marcellus is present when Hamlet first encounters the ghost.
- 17. BRIEF SUMMARY OF HAMLET king Hamlet is dead. Claudius, king Hamlets brother, marries Queen Gertrude. The ghost of the dead king appears. In a soliloquy, Prince Hamlet, the son of King Hamlet and Queen Gertrude, expresses his anger against his mother for her hasty remarriage The king asks Hamlet to stay in Denmark. Polonius, the kings counselor, and Laertes, his son, warn Ophelia, Polonius daughter, against Hamlet. The ghost tells Hamlet that he must avenge his fathers murder. Hamlet asks a group of actors to act a play that shows events similar to the killing of King Hamlet in front of Claudius and Gertrude Hamlet becomes sure of what the ghost told him.
- 18. BRIEF SUMMARY OF HAMLET Hamlet wants to kill the king, but finds him praying. He confronts his mother and kills Polonius who was hiding behind the curtain. The king sends Hamlet to England and sends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern with him, giving them orders to kill the prince. Ophelia becomes mad. Hamlet returns to Denmark. Claudius puts a plan to kill Hamlet by the poisoned sword in a duel with Laertes. Ophelia drowns in a pond. Hamlet and Horatio are at the graveyard .A funeral comes and Hamlet discovers that it is Ophelias coffin. Hamlet and Laertes fight. Hamlet accepts the fencing contest with Laertes
- 19. BRIEF SUMMARY OF HAMLET Hamlet and Horatio are at the graveyard A funeral comes and Hamlet discovers that it is Ophelias coffin. Hamlet and Laertes fight. Hamlet accepts the fencing contest with Laertes The king offers Hamlet the poisoned drink, but he does not take it. The Queen drinks it. Hamlet is wounded with the poisoned sword, and Hamlet wounds Laertes with the same sword. As Laertes is dying, he tells Hamlet that the king is to blame for the poisoned sword and the poison in the cup. Hamlet stabs the king and forces him to drink from the cup. Fortinbras, the king of Norway, arrives with his army to conquer Denmark. Hamlet urges Horatio to tell his story. He says that he wishes Fortinbras to be made King of Denmark; then he dies. Fortinbras orders for Hamlet to be carried away like a brave soldier.
- 20. KEY FACTS full title 揃 The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark author 揃 William Shakespeare type of work 揃 Play genre 揃 Tragedy, revenge tragedy language 揃 English time and place written 揃 London, England, early seventeenth century (probably 1600 1602) date of first publication 揃 1603, in a pirated quarto edition titled The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet; 1604 in a superior quarto edition protagonist 揃 Hamlet
- 21. KEY FACTS setting (time) 揃 The late medieval period, though the plays chronological setting is notoriously imprecise settings (place) 揃 Denmark foreshadowing 揃 The ghost, which is taken to foreshadow an ominous future for Denmark tone 揃 Dark, ironic, melancholy, passionate, contemplative, desperate, violent themes 揃 The impossibility of certainty; the complexity of action; the mystery of death; the nation as a diseased body motifs 揃 Incest and incestuous desire; ears and hearing; death and suicide; darkness and the supernatural; misogyny symbols 揃 The ghost (the spiritual consequences of death); Yoricks skull (the physical consequences of death)
- 22. FAMOUS LINES Something is rotten in the state of Denmark. This line is spoken by Marcellus in Act I, scene iv (67), as he and Horatio debate whether or not to follow Hamlet and the ghost into the dark night. The line refers both to the idea that the ghost is an ominous omen for Denmark and to the larger theme of the connection between the moral legitimacy of a ruler and the health of the state as a whole. The ghost is a visible symptom of the rottenness of Denmark created by Claudiuss crime.
- 23. FAMOUS LINES To be, or not to be: that is the question: This soliloquy, probably the most famous speech in the English language, is spoken by Hamlet in Act III, scene i (5890). His most logical and powerful examination of the theme of the moral legitimacy of suicide in an unbearably painful world, it touches on several of the other important themes of the play. Hamlet poses the problem of whether to commit suicide as a logical question: To be, or not to be, that is, to live or not to live. He then weighs the moral ramifications of living and dying. Is it nobler to suffer life,
- 24. FUN FACTS AND TRIVIAS
- 25. FUN FACTS AND TRIVIAS
- 26. FUN FACTS AND TRIVIAS To date, since the beginnings of the cinema and television, there have been over 50 productions film of Hamlet, for both the big and small screen. To date, over 200 women have played the role of Hamlet on stage. The first female Hamlet appearing on film, was Sarah Bernhardt. Actress Eve Donne is believed to be the first Hamlet on Radio. Sarah Siddons, an 18th Century actress, is among the first women ever to play the Dane.
- 27. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING DISCUSSED BY: MHARENCE DELA CRUZ