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EL FILIBUSTERISMO.pptx
- 1. EL FILIBUSTERISMO Contents: When it was written? Why Rizal wrote it? Characters Symbolism Synopsis l When it was written? The word had a broad meaning in the Philippines in the 19th century, when Spaniards considered 'filibusterismo' to mean the idea of the breaking away of the colony from the mother country, and 'filibusteros' were those who aspired for the realization of this idea. Rizal, however, described a filibuster as: Those who do not raise their hats to Spaniards. Those who only greet a friar instead of kissing his hand or his habit. Those who offer resistance to being addressed with the familiar "tu" by the best Spaniard. Rizal, who began writing El Filibusterismo in October 1887 in Calamba, Laguna. He continued working on it, making some revisions, in London in 1888. Rizal then went on to write the novel in Paris, and then in Brussels where distractions were less and the cost of living was cheaper. Being able to focus on finishing the book, Rizal had finally completed it by March 29, 1891 in Biarritz Jose Alejandrino- Rizals roommate in Belgium related that he was the one who canvassed printing press for El Fili. -Alejandrino, who later became a general in the Philippine revolution, may have been the first person to read the novel aside from the author. However, the honor of being called the savior of the Fili had gone to Valentin VenturaRizals friend who partially financed the novels publication. On September 18, 1891, the second novel of Dr. Jose Rizal, El Filibusterismo (Reign of Greed), written in Spanish and a sequel to Noli Me Tangere, was published in Ghent, Belgium.
- 2. Why Rizal wrote El Felibusterismo? Rizal wrote El Filibusterismo in dedication to the three martyred priests Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, expressing conviction that their treatment and deaths at the hands of the Spanish authorities was unjust. El Fili is dedicated to Gomburza, the three priests who were accused of being filibusters in 1872. In her translation of the novel, Soledad-Lacson-Locsin described the book based on the themes that can be seen in the story. El Fili begins where Noli leaves off, where love, romance, heroism, idealism and tragedy turn to hate, bitterness, anger, disillusionment and vengeance. Characters in El Filibusterismo Simoun Cris坦stomo Ibarra reincarnated as a wealthy jeweler, bent on starting a revolution.Unlike Ibarra in Noli, he is now vigilant; he now embodies the Filipinos who had had enough of the cruelties of the Spaniards. Simoun represents the revolutionaries during that time who supported the idea ofholding bloody revolt against the Spanish government. His death in El Filibusterismotells readers that Rizal does not support the armed revolution. Basilio -He is the son of Sisa. A very promising medical student. At first he refuses to join Simoun's plan of overthrowing the Spanish government; Juli's death makes him decide to join Simoun's troop. He represents the young educated Filipinos who are apathetic to the needs of the society. Isagani- He is the nephew of Padre Florentino and the lover of Paulita Gomez. Once a person full of hope and aspirations for his country, he was disheartened and let go of his ideals in favor of personal gains. He symbolizes the youth who, despite their being very aggressive and idealistic, cannot be relied on in times of adversity. Se単or Pasta- He is an old Filipino lawyer who refuses to help the Filipino students in their clamor for educational reforms. He represents the part of the society that is only generous and sympathetic to the rich and powerful. His self-centeredness overshadows his patriotism. Placido Penitente and Pecson- They are the students who asked for educational reforms. They represent the people who have yet to cultivate their nationalistic attitude.
- 3. Father Irene- He is a kind friar who is a friend of the Filipino students. He supports the students who appeal to the government for an academy of Spanish language. He embodies the few Spaniards who are sympathetic to the Filipinos. Father Florentino- He is a retired scholarly and patriotic Filipino priest. He believes that the Philippines will have its freedom. Isagani's godfather, and a secular priest; was engaged to be married, but chose the priesthood instead. The story hinting at the ambivalence of his decision as he chooses an assignment to a remote place, living in solitude near the sea. Father Florentino represented the secular Filipino priests in Rizals time. It was also through his character that the author stressed his disapproval of a bloody revolt. Kabesang Tales- Telesforo Juan de Dios, a former cabeza de barangay who resurfaced as the feared Luz坦n bandit Matanglawin (Tagalog for Hawkeye). Juli's father. The friars dispossessed him of his land; in real life, Rizal's father met thesame fate. He symbolizes the natives and farmers whose lands were seized by the friars. His story presents the cause of the revolution. Maria Clara- She is Ibarra's girlfriend. She enlisted in the nunnery when she learned that Ibarra was already dead. Simounplanned to sneak her out of the convent; she died before the plan was put to action. Do単a Victorina- She is the ridiculously pro-Spanish woman who is going to Laguna in search of her henpecked husband. Her search for her husband symbolizes her search for the foreign identity that she did not have. Juli/Juliana- Basilio's sweetheart. Chose death over the loss of honor and dignity. She represents the Philippines which would rather suffer with pride and honor. Paulita Gomez- The beautiful niece of Do単a Victorina. She rejected Isagani because of his liberal ideas. Paulita Gomez is a caricature of a woman who chooses the best option for a more stable future. She knows what is best for her and would take advantage of her admirers to get what she wants. She represents the women who have no sense of nationalism and sympathy towards others. Makaraig- Makaraig represented the well-to-do Filipino youth during the Spanish era who had good dreams for the country. His character also provided readers a glimpse of how different the rich and the poor were treated during that time in society. Both he and Isagani led the student movement, yet, he was still favored upon by the friars because of his social status. Ben Zayb- Abraham Iba単ez is his real name. He is a journalist who thinks he is the only one thinking in the Philippines. Personifies a corrupted media. Placido Penitente- A student of the University of Santo Tomas who is always miserable, and therefore controls his temper.
- 4. Placido means silent and Penitente means suffering. Combining those words, silent suffering or in tagalog tahimik na pagluluksa. SYNOPSIS The story in El Filibusterismo revolves around its main character Simoun who is an affluent jeweler. Simoun is actually Crisostomo Ibarra of the Noli whom everyone thought had been killed by the Guardia Civil at Laguna de Bay. He had in fact escaped, fled to Cuba, become wealthy, and made connections with influential Spanish officials. Upon his return to the Philippines after many years, he becomes very influential as the governor general, who owes so much to him, consults him in making decisions. In reality however, everything Simoun does is just part of his grand plan to take revenge against the Spanish officials and rescue Maria Clara from the convent. Planning to stage a revolution, he smuggles arms and looks for followers, mainly from the exploited and abused natives. One of his recruits is Basilio, the son of Sisa, who with Capitan Tiagos help was able to study in Manila. Simoun also makes an alliance with the revolutionary group of Kabesang Tales, a former cabeza de barangay who suffered maltreatments from the hands of the friars. Using his influence, Simoun encourages corruption, decadence, and more oppressive government policies so that the citizens may become more infuriated. However, the planned revolt one night was not carried out because Simoun, upon hearing that Maria Clara died in the nunnery, decided not to give the signal for the outbreak of the uprising. Another plan was made some months later. At the venue of the wedding reception of Juanito Pelaez and Paulita Gomez, Simoun planted many explosivesenough to kill the invited guests, primarily the friars and government officials. According to the plot, the big explosion shall be started by the gift he would give to the newlyweds at the receptiona kerosene lamp with an explosive. When the lamp flickers and someone turns the wick, it will result into a big explosion that will become a signal to the revolutionary troops to simultaneously attack all the government buildings in Manila. During the reception, Simoun gives his gift to the newly-weds. Before hurriedly leaving the venue, he leaves a piece of mysterious paper bearing the message You will die tonight signed by Juan Crisostomo Ibarra. Meanwhile, Isagani, the rejected lover of Paulita, is standing outside the reception. His friend Basilio tells him to leave the place because the lamp will soon blow up. When Father Salvi identifies the handwriting in the note and confirms that it was indeed Ibarras, the guests begin to panic. When the lamp flickers, Father Irene tries to turn the wick up. But Isagani, wanting to save Paulitas life, rushes into the house, grabs the lamp, and throws it into the river where it explodes. Simouns revolutionary plot was thus known and he is thus hunted by the law enforcers. He managed to escape but was seriously wounded. Carrying his jewelry chest, he finds shelter in the home of Padre Florentino by the sea. Learning of his presence in the house of the priest, the lieutenant of the Guardia Civil informs Padre Florentino that he will come in the evening to arrest Simoun.
- 5. Simoun then takes poison that he would not be caught alive. As the poisons effects start to take toll on his body, he confesses to Florentino his true identity and his plan of revenge through bloody revolution. After the emotional and agonizing confession of the dying man, the priest absolves the dying man from his sins, saying: God will forgive you Se単or Simoun. He knows that we are fallible. He has seen that you have suffered He has frustrated your plans one by one first by the death of Maria Clara, then by a lack of preparation, then in some mysterious way. Let us bow to His will and render Him thanks! The story ends with the priest throwing Simouns treasures into the sea so that they would not be used by the greedy. The priest hopes that when the right time comes, they would be recovered and used only for the good.