The document discusses compressor working principles and types. It provides the following key points:
1) There are two basic principles of air or gas compression: positive displacement and dynamic compression. Positive displacement compressors reduce volume to increase pressure while dynamic compressors convert velocity to pressure.
2) Compressor types include centrifugal and reciprocating compressors. Centrifugal compressors use radial diffusers to increase pressure via Bernoulli's principle while reciprocating compressors use pistons in cylinders.
3) Capacity control methods for compressors include inlet guide vanes, blow-off valves, and modulating control to vary output between 100% to 10%. Operating parameters like inlet pressure and temperature influence compressor flow and power requirements
This document discusses gear pumps, including their operation, types, maintenance, and uses. It begins by defining pumps as devices that add energy to fluids to move them from one point to another. It then explains that gear pumps are a type of rotary, positive displacement pump that uses meshing gears to pump liquids. The document describes how gear pumps work by trapping liquid between gear teeth and casing as the gears rotate. It also discusses gear pump components, maintenance like checking clearances and changing seals, the use of relief valves for safety, and applications like pumping fuels and lubricants.
The document discusses various artificial lift technologies used in oil production, including reciprocating rod lift systems, progressing cavity pumps, gas lift systems, plunger lift systems, hydraulic lift systems, and electric submersible pumps. It provides details on the advantages and limitations of each system, as well as parameters for determining appropriate applications, such as operating depth, volume, temperature, and wellbore characteristics. Selection of the optimal artificial lift method involves a systematic evaluation process to maximize return on investment.
Valves are mechanical devices that control the flow and pressure within a system. They have common parts like a body, bonnet, trim, disc, seats, and stem. Valves come in different types defined by their motion (linear or rotary) and function (starting/stopping flow, throttling, or preventing backflow). Proper selection and maintenance of valves is important for system performance and reliability. Valve maintenance includes cleaning, inspection, and scheduled repairs or replacement of worn parts.
The document provides details on 14 mechanical seal piping plans ranging from single seal designs (Plans 01-14, 21-23, 31-32, 41) to dual seal designs (Plans 52-54) and specialized designs including quench seals (Plans 62, 65), gas seals (Plans 72, 74-76), and unpressurized and pressurized buffer fluid circulation systems. Each plan is accompanied by descriptions of its key features and considerations for preventative maintenance.
This document provides an overview of different pump types, including their key components and applications. It discusses the main categories of pumps as either dynamic (centrifugal) or positive displacement. Within centrifugal pumps, it describes the main components of a single-stage pump and different designs such as single-stage, multi-stage, vertical, horizontal, and submersible configurations. The document also discusses pump classifications according to API 610 standards and provides examples of pump types that fall under different classifications such as between bearings pumps, overhung pumps, and vertically suspended pumps. Key industries where different pump types are used such as oil and gas, power generation, and water treatment are also outlined.
The document discusses the process of installing and testing a wellhead flange. It involves leveling the flange, attaching it to the casing via welding or other connections, testing the welds, running casing and setting the hanger, testing the blowout preventers with a wear bushing, and continuing drilling operations while following proper procedures to install subsequent casing, tubing, and the tree assembly. Safety testing is conducted throughout the process.
The document discusses cavitation in high energy pumps. It provides an overview of cavitation, how to detect it, and what causes it. Cavitation occurs when vapor bubbles form in a liquid due to a local pressure drop below the vapor pressure. When these bubbles collapse as pressure increases, it can cause damage to pump components from micro jets of liquid. The document explains factors like net positive suction head (NPSH) required by pumps and available from system components in order to prevent cavitation. It also discusses how cavitation affects pumps and methods for detecting potential damage.
Centrifugal pumps work by using an impeller to increase the pressure and flow of a liquid. Liquid enters the center of the impeller and is accelerated outward by the curved blades of the impeller. This increases the pressure and flow of the liquid. Calculating the required head of a centrifugal pump involves accounting for static head, pipe friction losses, and adding additional head for safety. Proper pump selection is based on matching the required head and flow rate to the pump performance curves. Cavitation and ensuring adequate Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) are also important considerations for centrifugal pump operation.
John Crane gas seals provide maximum reliability through ensuring a clean and dry seal environment. Key factors include filtering the gas to 1 micron, using coalescing filters to remove liquids, heating the gas above hydrate and liquid formation points, and using an SEPro system to provide heated filtered gas to the seals during shutdown periods. It is also important to properly monitor the outer barrier seal, ensure adequate separation from bearing oil, and have the OEM test the job seal system to validate performance matches duty conditions.
Pump and pumps classification.Introduction of Pumps.Applications of Pumps.Types of pump.Centrifugal Pump. Diaphragm pump.lobe pump.Positive displacement pump
Gear pump. Uses of pump.
A pump is a mechanical device that transfers rotational energy to liquid to move it from one place to another. There are two main types of pumps: dynamic and positive displacement. A reciprocating pump is a type of positive displacement pump that uses a piston or plunger to trap and move liquid. A rotary pump also positively displaces liquid but does so continuously rather than reciprocating. A centrifugal pump is a type of dynamic pump that uses a rotating impeller to accelerate liquid and convert kinetic energy to pressure energy to move the liquid.
The document discusses the fundamentals of mechanical seals used in pumps. It describes how mechanical seals work to prevent leaks by creating a close fit between a stationary and rotating seal surface. It covers the basic components of mechanical seals including primary sealing elements, secondary sealing elements, and hardware. It also discusses seal face materials, designs, installation, operation, and ways to control the seal environment through flushing, cooling, and heating.
The document discusses steam turbines, including their basic components and operating principles. It describes the main types of steam turbines such as condensing, extraction, and reheat turbines. It also discusses the key parts like nozzles, blades, bearings, seals, monitoring systems, and control valves. The final section provides an overview of the typical start-up procedure for a steam turbine, including lubrication, turning, control system checks, and testing of valves before admitting steam.
This document provides an overview of centrifugal pump training, covering:
- Centrifugal pump theory and how pumps work using atmospheric pressure
- Common pump terms like head, static head, total head, and NPSH
- How to read centrifugal pump curves and understand a pump's operating range
- The information needed to submit a pump inquiry
- How to draw system curves to select the proper pump
- Parallel and series pump operation and cavitation causes
- Explaining NPSH and the affinity laws for pump speed and performance changes
- Troubleshooting pumps using pressure and vacuum gauges
Mechanical seals are used to prevent leakage between a rotating pump shaft and casing. They have two flat surfaces, one rotating with the shaft and one stationary. Proper selection of seal type, materials, and cooling method is important for long seal life. The main types are single or multi-spring seals, bellow seals, and seals that are balanced or unbalanced. Factors like pressure, temperature, fluid properties, and available space must be considered.
The document outlines the procedure for overhauling the pistons in a two-stroke marine main engine. Key steps include: isolating the engine, draining water from the cylinder, removing the piston and inspecting components for wear, cleaning and replacing parts as needed, reassembling the piston, and installing it back in the engine. Safety precautions are emphasized, such as permitting work and confirming it is safe to turn the engine.
Centrifugal pump seals are critical for pump reliability. There are two main types of seals: static seals like gaskets and dynamic seals for moving parts. Proper seal selection depends on the seal environment. For dynamic sealing, packing seals and mechanical seals are commonly used. Packing seals use rings that require lubrication to prevent leaks, while mechanical seals have stationary and rotating rings that form a close running seal with less leakage.
Types, Operations and Maintenance of Air Compressor PlantsNejat ztezcan
油
The document discusses maintenance and operation of air compressor plants. It provides information on different types of compressors used on ships, including:
1. Main air compressors which provide high-capacity air storage for starting engines.
2. Deck compressors which are smaller and more portable for tasks like pneumatic tools.
3. Emergency compressors which serve as a backup air source in emergencies to start auxiliary engines if the main compressor fails.
The document outlines compressor systems, components, efficiency factors, and procedures for checking bumping clearance on main air compressors.
Valves are mechanical devices that control the flow and pressure within a system. They have common parts like a body, bonnet, trim, disc, seats, and stem. Valves come in different types defined by their motion (linear or rotary) and function (starting/stopping flow, throttling, or preventing backflow). Proper selection and maintenance of valves is important for system performance and reliability. Valve maintenance includes cleaning, inspection, and scheduled repairs or replacement of worn parts.
The document provides details on 14 mechanical seal piping plans ranging from single seal designs (Plans 01-14, 21-23, 31-32, 41) to dual seal designs (Plans 52-54) and specialized designs including quench seals (Plans 62, 65), gas seals (Plans 72, 74-76), and unpressurized and pressurized buffer fluid circulation systems. Each plan is accompanied by descriptions of its key features and considerations for preventative maintenance.
This document provides an overview of different pump types, including their key components and applications. It discusses the main categories of pumps as either dynamic (centrifugal) or positive displacement. Within centrifugal pumps, it describes the main components of a single-stage pump and different designs such as single-stage, multi-stage, vertical, horizontal, and submersible configurations. The document also discusses pump classifications according to API 610 standards and provides examples of pump types that fall under different classifications such as between bearings pumps, overhung pumps, and vertically suspended pumps. Key industries where different pump types are used such as oil and gas, power generation, and water treatment are also outlined.
The document discusses the process of installing and testing a wellhead flange. It involves leveling the flange, attaching it to the casing via welding or other connections, testing the welds, running casing and setting the hanger, testing the blowout preventers with a wear bushing, and continuing drilling operations while following proper procedures to install subsequent casing, tubing, and the tree assembly. Safety testing is conducted throughout the process.
The document discusses cavitation in high energy pumps. It provides an overview of cavitation, how to detect it, and what causes it. Cavitation occurs when vapor bubbles form in a liquid due to a local pressure drop below the vapor pressure. When these bubbles collapse as pressure increases, it can cause damage to pump components from micro jets of liquid. The document explains factors like net positive suction head (NPSH) required by pumps and available from system components in order to prevent cavitation. It also discusses how cavitation affects pumps and methods for detecting potential damage.
Centrifugal pumps work by using an impeller to increase the pressure and flow of a liquid. Liquid enters the center of the impeller and is accelerated outward by the curved blades of the impeller. This increases the pressure and flow of the liquid. Calculating the required head of a centrifugal pump involves accounting for static head, pipe friction losses, and adding additional head for safety. Proper pump selection is based on matching the required head and flow rate to the pump performance curves. Cavitation and ensuring adequate Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) are also important considerations for centrifugal pump operation.
John Crane gas seals provide maximum reliability through ensuring a clean and dry seal environment. Key factors include filtering the gas to 1 micron, using coalescing filters to remove liquids, heating the gas above hydrate and liquid formation points, and using an SEPro system to provide heated filtered gas to the seals during shutdown periods. It is also important to properly monitor the outer barrier seal, ensure adequate separation from bearing oil, and have the OEM test the job seal system to validate performance matches duty conditions.
Pump and pumps classification.Introduction of Pumps.Applications of Pumps.Types of pump.Centrifugal Pump. Diaphragm pump.lobe pump.Positive displacement pump
Gear pump. Uses of pump.
A pump is a mechanical device that transfers rotational energy to liquid to move it from one place to another. There are two main types of pumps: dynamic and positive displacement. A reciprocating pump is a type of positive displacement pump that uses a piston or plunger to trap and move liquid. A rotary pump also positively displaces liquid but does so continuously rather than reciprocating. A centrifugal pump is a type of dynamic pump that uses a rotating impeller to accelerate liquid and convert kinetic energy to pressure energy to move the liquid.
The document discusses the fundamentals of mechanical seals used in pumps. It describes how mechanical seals work to prevent leaks by creating a close fit between a stationary and rotating seal surface. It covers the basic components of mechanical seals including primary sealing elements, secondary sealing elements, and hardware. It also discusses seal face materials, designs, installation, operation, and ways to control the seal environment through flushing, cooling, and heating.
The document discusses steam turbines, including their basic components and operating principles. It describes the main types of steam turbines such as condensing, extraction, and reheat turbines. It also discusses the key parts like nozzles, blades, bearings, seals, monitoring systems, and control valves. The final section provides an overview of the typical start-up procedure for a steam turbine, including lubrication, turning, control system checks, and testing of valves before admitting steam.
This document provides an overview of centrifugal pump training, covering:
- Centrifugal pump theory and how pumps work using atmospheric pressure
- Common pump terms like head, static head, total head, and NPSH
- How to read centrifugal pump curves and understand a pump's operating range
- The information needed to submit a pump inquiry
- How to draw system curves to select the proper pump
- Parallel and series pump operation and cavitation causes
- Explaining NPSH and the affinity laws for pump speed and performance changes
- Troubleshooting pumps using pressure and vacuum gauges
Mechanical seals are used to prevent leakage between a rotating pump shaft and casing. They have two flat surfaces, one rotating with the shaft and one stationary. Proper selection of seal type, materials, and cooling method is important for long seal life. The main types are single or multi-spring seals, bellow seals, and seals that are balanced or unbalanced. Factors like pressure, temperature, fluid properties, and available space must be considered.
The document outlines the procedure for overhauling the pistons in a two-stroke marine main engine. Key steps include: isolating the engine, draining water from the cylinder, removing the piston and inspecting components for wear, cleaning and replacing parts as needed, reassembling the piston, and installing it back in the engine. Safety precautions are emphasized, such as permitting work and confirming it is safe to turn the engine.
Centrifugal pump seals are critical for pump reliability. There are two main types of seals: static seals like gaskets and dynamic seals for moving parts. Proper seal selection depends on the seal environment. For dynamic sealing, packing seals and mechanical seals are commonly used. Packing seals use rings that require lubrication to prevent leaks, while mechanical seals have stationary and rotating rings that form a close running seal with less leakage.
Types, Operations and Maintenance of Air Compressor PlantsNejat ztezcan
油
The document discusses maintenance and operation of air compressor plants. It provides information on different types of compressors used on ships, including:
1. Main air compressors which provide high-capacity air storage for starting engines.
2. Deck compressors which are smaller and more portable for tasks like pneumatic tools.
3. Emergency compressors which serve as a backup air source in emergencies to start auxiliary engines if the main compressor fails.
The document outlines compressor systems, components, efficiency factors, and procedures for checking bumping clearance on main air compressors.
The document describes the design and construction of heat exchangers. It discusses key components of double pipe heat exchangers like inner and outer pipes, return bends, and support lugs. It also explains components of shell and tube heat exchangers such as tubes, tube sheets, bonnets, channels, nozzles, baffles, and pass partition plates. Additionally, it covers classification of heat exchangers, flow arrangements, fouling factors, heat transfer calculations, and pressure drop analysis for heat exchanger design.
Pumps are devices that use mechanical energy to increase the velocity, pressure, or elevation of liquids and gases. There are two main types of pumps: positive displacement pumps and dynamic pumps. Positive displacement pumps apply direct pressure on a liquid using a reciprocating piston or rotating components. Dynamic pumps use centrifugal force to generate high rotational velocities and convert the kinetic energy of liquids into pressure energy. Common positive displacement pump types include piston pumps, plunger pumps, and diaphragm pumps. Common dynamic pump types include centrifugal pumps which contain an impeller and casing. Proper consideration of factors like net positive suction head are important for pump selection and operation.
Instruction for installation guidelines vertical turbine pumpRuhrpumpen
油
This slide cover instructions for installation of Vertical Turbine Pump - open and enclosed type bowl assemblies used in Ruhrpumpen Instructions for disassemble,
maintenance, and reassembly are given in section II. List of parts covering all models of
the bowl assembly, and instructions for ordering parts, are given in section III.
The document discusses different types of shaft seals used in industrial equipment, including compression packing, mechanical shaft seals, and non-contacting gas lubricated seals. Compression packing uses resilient materials to form static and dynamic seals. Mechanical shaft seals have one or two faces that seal against the shaft via pressure. Non-contacting gas lubricated seals use a gas barrier instead of liquid and a lift mechanism to create a small separation between faces for sealing and cooling. The document provides details on how each type of seal works and their applications.
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Diffuser
A set of stationary vanes that surround the
impeller, allowing more gradual expansion,
resulting in increased pump effieceincy.
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Wear Rings
Replaceable rings that are attached to the
impeller and/or the casing to allow a small
running clearance without causing wear of the
impeller or the casing.