Osmosis pre lab
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This document provides questions about osmosis and diffusion for a pre-lab assignment. It asks about kinetic vs potential energy, environmental factors that affect diffusion rates like gradients, and how cells control internal turgor pressure. It also asks the student to calculate solute potential, diagram water flow, and predict diffusion direction based on solutions. Finally, it asks why IV solutions contain salts, what would happen with pure water, and how to determine the best solute concentration for a patient.
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BIOL1408 Introductory Biology Name
Lab Unit 6/7: Diffusion & Osmosis date
Dr. Flo Oxley
In this lab unit, you will follow your eSciences ACC Lab Manual (posted in Blackboard: Lab Manual) to
learn about diffusion, osmosis, and how these processes work inside cells to support life.
This document will serve as your guide, sending you to the relevant lab activities and introductory
information found in the eSciences lab manual (pages for this unit are 68 - 81), or in the online replication of
the eScience lab manual uploaded to Blackboard for those of you who prefer to follow along online.
NOTE: I recommend that you read from this lab guide & report document first, going to the
eSciences manual materials only as directed. Students previously using the lab manual
have found that the additional background information provided in this document and the
step-by-step guidance through the eSciences lab materials to be beneficial.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION: DIFFUSION
Diffusion is the net movement of a solute away from an area of high concentration towards an area of lower
concentration. If you have ever watched tea diffusing from a tea bag, you are familiar with the process of
diffusion. You have watched the brown molecules leaving the tea bag until eventually the tea become
uniformly brown. This is sometimes referred to as solute molecules moving down their concentration
gradient.
Notice that I said that it is NET movement of a solute. This means that like all molecules in liquid and gas
phases, solute molecules move randomly in all directions. There is no driving force for sending a solute
molecule down its concentration gradient other than there is no way to prevent the random movement of
molecules. Eventually, the solute molecules will become totally randomized in their distribution throughout
the solvent.
What does diffusion have to do with biology? Virtually all movements of molecules into and out of, and
around the interior of the cell relies on diffusion of solutes. The removal of waste products from the cell
relies on the random movement of these molecules from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell.
Similarly, the uptake of vital nutrients relies on their diffusion from the outside to the inside of the cell. The
circulatory system speeds these processes up by sweeping nutrients into the vicinity of cells and sweeping
away waste products from the cells to be excreted elsewhere from the body.
Note that the diffusion of oxygen (a vital nutrient) and carbon dioxide (an ever-present waste product of
cellular respiration) are a part of this story. Diffusion is critical in the process of providing nutrients and
oxygen circulating in the bloodstream to cells. A cell must be close to a capillary, within100 microns from a
capillary, in order for these metabolites to diffuse to the cell quickly enough. If it is farther than that from the
cell, it will not receive the ...Passive transport
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Democritussbarkanic
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Democritus was a Greek philosopher born around 460-457 BC in Abdera, Thrace. He developed the first atomic theory, proposing that all matter is made up of indivisible atoms moving through empty space. Democritus believed that atoms were the fundamental building blocks of the natural world and that their behavior determined natural phenomena. He and his mentor Leucippus are considered the founders of atomic theory. Democritus was highly respected in his lifetime for making discoveries and predictions that were later proven true.Osmosis pre lab
- 1. Osmosis Pre-lab Use Lab, Book, and notes to answer the following questions. What is kinetic energy and how does it differ from potential energy? What environmental factors affect kinetic energy and diffusion? Why do these factors alter diffusion rates? How do they affect rates? How are gradients important in diffusion and osmosis? What is the explanation for the fact that most cells are small and have cell membranes with many convolutions? Will water move into or out of a plant cell if the cell has a higher water potential than the surrounding environment? What would happen if you applied saltwater to a plant? How does a plant cell control its internal (turgor) pressure? Calculate the solute potential of a 0.1 M NaCl solution at 25属C. If the concentration ofNaCl inside the plant cell is 0.15 M, which way will the water diffuse if the cell is placed into the 0.1 M NaCl solutions? What must the turgor pressure equal if there is no net diffusion between the solution and the cell? What factors determine the rate and direction of osmosis? Can you diagram the flow of water based upon the contents of your model cell and the surrounding solution? When will the net osmosis rate equal zero in your model cells? Based upon your reading, can you predict the direction of osmosis in living cells when the cells are placed in various solutions? How is the dialysis tubing functionally different from a cellular membrane? You are in the hospital and need intravenous fluids. You read the label on the IV bag, which lists all of the solutes in the water. Why is it important for an IV solution to have salts in it? What would happen if you were given pure water in an IV? How would you determine the best concentration of solutes to give a patient in need of fluids before you introduced the fluids into the patients body?