26.fibrinolytics
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Fibrinolytics, or thrombolytics, are drugs used to dissolve blood clots by lysing fibrin. Examples include streptokinase, urokinase, and alteplase. They are used to treat acute myocardial infarction, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Antifibrinolytics like epsilon amino-caproic acid and tranexaemic acid inhibit fibrinolytic activity and are used to control bleeding from overdose of fibrinolytics or due to excessive fibrinolytic activity during surgery or complications of surgery, tooth extraction, menorrhagia, and hematuria.
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Lung cancer is the most common malignant disease and cause of cancer deaths. Smoking is the primary risk factor, with cigarette smokers 8-20 times more likely to develop lung cancer than non-smokers. Other occupational exposures like asbestos, radon, and chemicals used in mining and metal refining can also increase lung cancer risk. Symptoms often do not appear until the cancer has spread, with cough, breathlessness, and chest pain being common complaints at diagnosis. Treatment depends on the cancer type and stage but may involve surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these. Prognosis is generally poor but prevention through smoking cessation can significantly reduce lung cancer risk.Recently uploaded (20)
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26.fibrinolytics
- 2. FIBRINOLYTICS (THROMBOLYTICS) Drugs used to dissolve (lyse) blood clots (thrombi) Examples: Streptokinase, urokinase, alteplase, reteplase
- 3. Uses Acute myocardial infarction - to recanalyze thrombosed coronary artery Deep vein thrombosis: Thrombolytic therapy helps to prevent pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism: Fibrinolytics are used to lyse the clot.
- 4. ANTIFIBRINOLYTICS Antifibrinolytics inhibit fibrinolytic activity Examples: 1. Epsilon aminocaproic acid (EACA) Used to control bleeding due to overdose of fibrinolytics After tooth extraction and prostatic surgery In menorrhagia, hematuria and bleeding due to surgery or obstetric complications
- 5. 2. Tranexaemic acid Used to control bleeding due to excessive fibrinolytic activity Also in tonsillectomy, prostatectomy, tooth extraction, menorrhagia etc.