3.a. geom proses struktural
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The document discusses various types of structural geology features including folds, faults, and related terminology. It provides classifications of folds based on the relative position of older and younger rock layers, their shape, the inclination of the axial plane, and the relative dip of the limbs. It also discusses fault terminology such as hanging wall, footwall, and different types of faults including normal, reverse, strike-slip, and their related landforms. Graben and horst structures are described as areas of subsidence or elevation between fault blocks.
3.a. geom proses struktural
- 2. stress stress Fold Tekanan pada perlapisan batuan sedimen menghasilkan relief bergelombang Rocks can bend or fold under stress. B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 3. Fold terminology: limbs, axis (hinge), axial plane B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 4. Dip Strike Lipatan/fold yang telah tersingkap oleh proses erosi akan menunjukkan perlapisan batuan sedimennya. Arah lipatan dapat direkonstruksi melalui pengukuran Dip - Strike B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 5. Fold classifications: 1. Klasifikasi berdasar posisi relatif lapisan berumur tua dan muda a. Antiklinal B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 6. Fold classifications: 1. Klasifikasi berdasar posisi relatif lapisan berumur tua dan muda b. sinklinal B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 7. Fold classifications: 2. Klasifikasi berdasar bentuk a. Synform : Arah dip di kedua sisi berlawanan menuju lembah/fold center B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 8. Fold classifications: 2. Klasifikasi berdasar bentuk b. Antiform : Arah dip di kedua sisi berlawanan menjauhi puncak/fold center B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 9. Fold classifications: 2. Klasifikasi berdasar bentuk c. Other form (Contoh : homoklinal) B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 10. Fold classifications: 2. Klasifikasi berdasar bentuk c. Other form (Contoh : monoklinal) B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 11. Fold classifications: 3. Klasifikasi berdasar kemiringan axial plane a. upright--vertical B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 12. Fold classifications: 3. Klasifikasi berdasar kemiringan axial plane b. inclined--inclined inclined fold B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 13. Fold classifications: 3. Klasifikasi berdasar kemiringan axial plane c. recumbent--near horizontal B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 14. Fold classifications: 4. Klasifikasi berdasar perbandingan relatif antara dip di kedua limb : symmetrical , asymmetrical, overturned B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 15. Plunging fold B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 16. B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L Lembah sinklinal
- 17. B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L Hog back When rocks are uplifted by mountain building processes, erosion of the softer, less resistant rock occurs leaving a ridge of the more resistant rock.
- 18. Cuesta, broken fault Escarpment face of a cuesta, broken by a fault. Cumberland Plateau, Tennessee B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 19. Pola aliran yang terbentuk pada zone lipatan adalah trellis. B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 20. Struktur minor pada batuan sedimen dalam perlapisan horisontal Interstate road cut through limestone and shale strata in eastern Tennessee B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 21. Struktur minor pada batuan sedimen dalam perlapisan horisontal 1. Perlapisan silang siur (Cross bedded) / 2. Riple marks 3. Mud marks 4. Concretions B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 22. Fault Terminology: 1. strike and dip 2. hanging wall/headwall 3. footwall B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 23. Fault Terminology: 1. hanging wall/headwall 2. footwall B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 24. Fault Terminology: fault scarps (tectonic) faultline scarps (erosional: structurally controlled by not tectonic) Aspy Valley: faultline scarp, lowland, and plateau truncated spurs/triangular facet (also produced by glaciation) wineglass valley (Death Valley) B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 25. Fault Terminology: fault scarps (tectonic) B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 26. Fault Terminology: Escarpments B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 27. Fault Terminology: Linier valley (erosional: structurally controlled by not tectonic) B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 28. Tipe Fault Dip Slip Faults Normal Reverse Strike Slip Faults left lateral right lateral Pull-apart Basins and transverse Mountains: form where a transform fault bends B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 29. Tipe Fault B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 30. Tipe Fault Tekanan kuat pada perlapisan batuan mengakibatkan patahnya perlapisan, menghasilkan fault Normal faults Reverse faults B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 31. Tipe Fault Tekanan kuat pada perlapisan batuan mengakibatkan patahnya perlapisan, menghasilkan fault A graben fault is produced when tensional stresses result in the subsidence of a block of rock. On a large scale these features are known as Rift Valleys B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 32. Tipe Fault Tekanan kuat pada perlapisan batuan mengakibatkan patahnya perlapisan, menghasilkan fault A horst fault is the development of two reverse faults causing a block of rock to be pushed up B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L
- 33. Kerak bumi dengan posisi yang lebih rendah diantara dua blok yang lain disebut Graben. Sedangkan kerak bumi yang mengalami kenaikan elevasi disebut Horst. Tipe Fault B E N T U K L A H A N S T R U K T U R A L