Anju rs (45) social science, cone of experience
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- Edgar Dale was an American educationalist born in 1900 who developed the Cone of Experience. - The Cone of Experience is a model that arranges media along a continuum from most concrete to most abstract based on how directly they involve learners in experience. - It ranges from direct experiences like demonstrations down to symbolic experiences like written or spoken words, to help explain how students learn from different types of media.
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Anju rs (45) social science, cone of experience
- 2. Born April17,1900 Benson, Minnesota, USA Cited as the Father of Modern Audiovisual Education An American Educationalist who developed the Cone of Experience Professor of Education at Ohio State University
- 3. First introduced in 1946 in Dales book, Audio-Visual Methods in teaching Designed to show the progression of learning experiences from the concrete to the abstract It is a pictorial device use to explain the interrelationships of various types of audio- visual media, as well as their individual positions in learning process.
- 5. Enactive direct experiences Direct purposeful Contrived Dramatized Iconic pictorial experiences Demonstrations Exhibits Educational Television motion pictures Recordings, radio, still pictures Symbolic highly abstract experiences Visual symbols Verbal symbols
- 6. Direct first hand experiences Have direct participation in the outcome Use of all senses Example: Tutoring younger children.
- 7. An editing of reality. Models and mock-ups Necessary when real experience cannot be used or are too complicated.
- 8. Reconstructed experiences Can be used to simplify an event or idea to its most important parts Divided into two categories 1.Acting-actual participation (more concrete) 2.observing-watching a dramatization take place (more abstract)
- 9. Visualized explanation of an important fact, idea or process Show how certain things are done Examples : how to make a peanut how to play a piano
- 10. Watch people do things in real situations Observe an event that is unavailable in the classroom
- 11. Something seen by a spectator Two types 1. Ready made eg: museum, career fair etc. 2. Home made eg: classroom project, national history day, competition etc.
- 12. Television Motion pictures * Bring immediate Interaction * can omit unnecessary or with events From around the unimportant material world * Edit an event to create clearer * used to slow down a fast understanding than if process experienced actual event * Viewing, seeing and first hand experience. * can re-create events with Simplistic drama that even slower students can grasp.
- 13. Can often be understood by those cannot read Helpful to students who cannot deal with the motion or pace of a real event or television. Example: Listening to old radio broadcasts listening to music in a separate period
- 14. No longer involves reproducing real situations Chalkboard and overhead projector the most widely used media Help students see an idea, event, or process. Example: Chalkboard Flat maps Diagrams Charts
- 15. Two types 1. Written words more abstract 2. Spoken words less abstract
- 16. Dale taught teachers should help their students learn how the media effects us, and to critically evaluate it Teachers must evaluate the benefit of the learning vs. the amount of time required in the lesson How to effectively use instructional media to helping students move from concrete to abstract thought