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B.com. 1st year 2nd semester Directing.pptx
- 1. DIRECTING TOPICS- MOTIVATION AND COMMUNICATION Presentation by B.com (H) IAF Group 1
- 2. What is Directing? It refers to the process of instructing, guiding, counselling, motivating and leading people in the organization towards achieving its objectives. ELEMENTS OF DIRECTING COMMUNICATION The process of exchanging information between two or more people to reach a common understanding. SUPERVISION Overseeing what is to be done by the subordinates and giving instructions to ensure optimum utilization of resources and achievement of work targets. MOTIVATION The process of making subordinates act in a desired manner to achieve certain organizational goals. LEADERSHIP Process of influencing the behaviour of people by making them strive voluntarily towards the achievement of organisational goals
- 3. MASLOWSNEEDHIERARCHY THEORYOF MOTIVATION 1. Basic Physiological Needs: These needs are the most basic in the hierarchy and correspond to primary needs. Egs: food, shelter and clothing. In the organisational context, a basic salary helps to satisfy these needs 2. Safety & Security Needs: These needs provide security and protection from physical and emotional harm. Examples: job security, stability of income, Pension plans etc. 3. Affiliation & Belonging Needs: These needs refer to affection, sense of belongingness, acceptance and friendship. 4. Esteem Needs: These include self-respect, autonomy status, recognition and attention. 5. Self-Actualisation Needs: It is the highest level of need in the hierarchy. It refers to the drive to become what one is capable of becoming. These needs include growth, self-fulfilment and achievement of goals
- 4. ASSUMPTIONS Maslows theory is based on the following assumptions: (i) Peoples behaviour is based on their needs. Satisfaction of such needs influences their behaviour. (ii) Peoples needs are in hierarchical order, starting from basic needs to other higher- level needs. (iii) A satisfied need can no longer motivate a person; only the next higher-level need can motivate him. (iv) A person moves to the next higher level of the hierarchy only when the lower need is satisfied.
- 5. INCENTIVES FINANCIAL Financial incentives refer to incentives which are in direct monetary form or measurable in monetary term and serve to motivate people for better performance. 1. Pay and allowances 2. Productivity linked wage incentives 3. Bonus 4. Profit Sharing 5. Co-partnership/ Stock option 6. Retirement Benefits 7. Perquisites NON FINANCIAL All the needs of individuals are not satisfied by money alone. Psychological, social and emotional factors also play an important role in providing motivation. 1. Status 2. Organisational Climate 3. Career Advancement Opportunity 4. Job Enrichment 5. Employee Recognition programmes 6. Job security 7. Employee participation 8. Employee Empowerment
- 6. COMMUNICATION It is the process of exchanging information between two or more persons to reach a common understanding. PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION
- 8. EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION 1. Clarify the ideas before communication: The problem to be communicated to subordinates should be clear in all its perspective to the executive himself. The entire problem should be studied in depth, analysed and stated in such a manner that is clearly conveyed to subordinates. 2. Communicate according to the needs of receiver: The level of understanding of receiver should be crystal clear to the communicator. Manager should adjust his communication according to the education and understanding levels of subordinates. 3. Consult others before communicating: Before actually communicating the message, it is better to involve others in developing a plan for communication. Participation and involvement of subordinates may help to gain ready acceptance and willing cooperation of subordinates. 4. Be aware of languages, tone and content of message: The contents of the message, tone, language used, manner in which the message is to be communicated are the important aspects of effective communication. The language used should be understandable to the receiver and should not offend the sentiments of listeners. The message should be stimulating to evoke response from the listeners
- 9. 5. Convey things of help and value to listeners: While conveying message to others, it is better to know the interests and needs of the people with whom you are communicating. If the message relates directly or indirectly to such interests and needs it certainly evokes response from communicatee. 6. Ensure proper feedback: The communicator may ensure the success of communication by asking questions regarding the message conveyed. The receiver of communication may also be encouraged to respond to communication. The communication process may be improved by the feedback received to make it more responsive. 7. Communicate for present as well as future: Generally, communication is needed to meet the existing commitments to maintain consistency, the communication should aim at future goals of the enterprise also. 8. Follow up communications: There should be regular follow up and review on the instructions given to subordinates. Such follow up measures help in removing hurdles if any in implementing the instructions. 9. Be a good listener: Manager should be a good listener. Patient and attentive listening solves half of the problems. Managers should also give indications of their interest in listening to their subordinates.
- 10. for patiently listening once again