contoh Essay pertanian (bahasa inggris)
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1) Agriculture is very important for Indonesia as the majority of the population works in agriculture. However, Indonesia's agricultural sector faces many issues including unclear land ownership, weak capital resources, and conversion of agricultural land to industry. 2) Weak farmers' organizations and lack of skills and access to markets have also hurt farmers. Government policies have sometimes damaged farmers, such as when soybean imports lowered domestic prices. 3) Institutions have an important role to play in helping farmers compete and access markets. For example, community development institutions could help farmers transition to organic agriculture and reduce chemical inputs, while improving competitiveness. With improved welfare, Indonesia's economy and society would stabilize.
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contoh Essay pertanian (bahasa inggris)
- 1. ESSAY COMMUNICATION AGRIBISNIS AGRICULTURE IN INDONESIA AND THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS IN FARMERS WELFARE Oleh : Nama : Binti Saadah NIM : 115040101111120 Kelas : H-Agribisnis PROGRAM STUDI AGRIBISNIS FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA MALANG 2013
- 2. AGRICULTURE IN INDONESIA AND THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS IN FARMERS WELFARE By: Binti Saadah 115040101111120 Agriculture is one sector which is very important for Indonesia. This is because the majority of the Indonesian population living and working in the agricultural sector, both as farmers (small farmers and large farmers), as a laborer, as well as the processing of agricultural products. Indonesia is a country with abundant of natural resources, this is due to Indonesia's geographical location between two continents (Asia and Australia) and two oceans (Indian Ocean and the Pacific). Agriculture in Indonesia has a very significant role, because agriculture in Indonesia not only acts as a sustainer of life of the people, but also affected the stability of the national economy. Agriculture in Indonesia isnt only as a place to produce food, but also a place of employment, especially small rural communities. Agriculture is a complex system, in which there are many issues that affect the Indonesian economy system. In addition because the majority of Indonesian people who depend on the sector, the agricultural sector is also one of the main foreign exchange earner country. A wide range of existing problems in the agricultural sector, Indonesia, among others: Not to create a fair system in agricultural land use (ownership Vs businessman). In this case the economic scale effort, still a lot of vacant land and the conversion of agricultural land ownership is unclear. Though there are laws governing agrarian land ownership, where a person can only have a certain amount of land to the place of his residence in the areas. But in reality many people from outside the region to master an area of land or a land with thousands of hectares in other areas. For example in the area of Batu City, there are thousands of acres of land with an area of his property, but the status is owned by citizens of Surabaya or Jakarta, in fact rarely the vast land to land because of sleep is not processed by the owner. Capital resources Indonesian agriculture is still weak, where the exchange rate of Indonesian agricultural products is low, the risk is high and profits low. Conversion of productive land to industry due to the implementation of the policy is not optimal mapping of agro commodities related to land.
- 3. Weak peasant mentality problem in the fight for their rights and weak of entrepreneurship. Less skilled farmers, cultivating technical mastery limitations on certain commodities, agribusiness lack of orientation, lack of control of post-harvest processing, and lack of ability to access the market. Farmers lack capital, the banking system is less concerned with farmers, agricultural insurance and there is no system of debt bondage. In marketing, the price received by farmers is not fair, volatile, dependent traders and middlemen, to the detriment. Mastery of information and access to markets are weak, the marketing chain length and unfair distribution margins Awareness of farmers in a weak organization, some organizations that there is less work, and less independent. Various issues above should be taken seriously by the government. If it be overlooked, the national economy will be shaken and communities become increasingly difficult to achieveth the apportionment. Until now, agriculture is still subordinated to the government, so that like the above employed several kinds of problems arise, such as changes in agricultural commodity prices. Changes in the price of some types of major food commodities such as rice, corn, and soybean can changes in the national economy. Concrete examples some time ago is skyrocketing national soybean prices caused some tofu and fermented soybean cake had rallies, even some of them have gone out of business because is unable to reach the soybean price is overvalued. Similarly with tofu and fermented soybean cake are difficult to reach soybean prices, soybean farmers are not able to produce soy hindered by erratic weather which caused some farmers to crop failure, not to mention the local farmers could not compete with imported soybeans are cheaper and size greater than the local soybean, soybean farmers Indonesian thus lost. Indonesia's soybean farmers here do not have the strength to compete with imported products due to Indonesian farmers are not informed about the condition of the national market, where Indonesian farmers sometimes actually harmed by the low price of soy production sales when sold to middlemen or wholesalers. This is where the role of institutions both government agencies neither private organizations is needed to help Indonesian farmers to manage and market their crops. Institutional farming is the norm or customs structured and patterned and practicing on continuously to fulfill the needs of community members that are closely related to the livelihood of agriculture in the countryside. In the community life of farmers, farmers' position and institutional functions are part of
- 4. social institutions that facilitate social interaction or social interplay in a community. Farmer organization also has a strategic point (entry point) in mobilizing rural agribusiness system. For that all available resources should be directed at the rural / prioritized in order to improve the professionalism and the bargaining position of farmers (farmer groups). Currently portraits of farmers and farmer institutions in Indonesia are still not recognized as expected (Suradisastra, 2008). 1 The role of the institution is very significant, because the activities of these bodies should be able to make people self-sufficient and not rely on the government or even outsiders. Institutions must be able to perform a variety of activities that actually required by the public so that activities performed actually implemented, usable and useful to society. Inappropriate policy in managing the country's economy will lead to misery for the people. In the case of soybeans above, when the government imposed a policy of importing soybeans from abroad to meet domestic needs, the people of Indonesia who is a soybean farmer will lose money because they can not compete with imported soybeans. However, if the government does not enforce the policy, it will be a lot of tofu artisans and entrepreneurs who will be out of business. Therefore, a role institution as a container that can help farmers to compete with imported products. In performing its role, in addition to making various programs or activities for the community, government agencies also must prepare for the type of communication media that is really effective, so that people can receive the information submitted by the agency in the absence of rejection or aversion that caused the failure of the process of delivering information. Thus, people can accept and carry out activities that have been prepared voluntarily without any coercion from the local government. The role of institutions, in this case for example the Institute for Community Empowerment (LPM), really needed to address the various problems that exist in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. Call it the problem of agricultural cultivation. Agricultural products in the country are generally not able to compete with imported products because most of the agriculture in Indonesia is still doing that maximize the input of agricultural extension in the form of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides that are harmful to health, both human health and the environment. The role of community development here, to be able to provide a solution that is acceptable to the community. The use of artificial pesticides and inorganic fertilizers is not healthy, but that does not necessarily mean the government banned its use. This is because many people who have an interest in the 1 Wedy Nasrul. 2012. PENGEMBANGAN KELEMBAGAAN PERTANIAN UNTUK PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS PETANI TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN. http://www.umsb.ac.id/files/1/MENARA/wedy29.pdf. Diakses tanggal 15 November 2013
- 5. business of pesticides and inorganic fertilizers, and farmers will lay balked when government agencies do so. In contrast, the role of government agencies is to provide solutions, how to order farmers to produce agricultural products are healthy by reducing the intensity of the use of pesticides and inorganic fertilizers. The solution offered is to organic farming. Government agencies, such as the LPM can offer assistance in the manufacture of organic fertilizers and pesticides, which are necessary ingredients derived from nature about the farmers themselves, thereby reducing production costs. Work together with the community and government to the agricultural activities, without any patronizing element of one of the parties. Because in society empowerment, neither party knows better but all equally learned, farmers learned to grow good and true, in this case healthy and able to compete with the market. While the government learn to apply the methods of empowerment needed for able to be accepted and successful social welfare. With the overall welfare of the people of a country, then it will slowly stabilize the country's economy and wellbeing of a state is reached.
- 6. REFFERENCE Apriyantono, Anton. PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN DI INDONESIA. . http://www.deptan.go.id/renbangtan/konsep_pembangunan_pertanian.pdf. Diakses pada tanggal 15 November 2013 Marli Batubara, Mustopa. 2007. PERAN LEMBAGA PERMODALAN DALAM PEMBIAYAAN SEKTOR AGRIBISNIS DITINGKAT PERTANIAN RAKYAT DI SUMATERA http://www.perpustakaan.depkeu.go.id/FOLDERJURNAL/kredit%20agribisnis.pdf. SELATAN. Diakses tanggal 15 November 2013 Nasrul, Wedy. 2012. PENGEMBANGAN KELEMBAGAAN PERTANIAN UNTUK PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS PETANI TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN. http://www.umsb.ac.id/files/1/MENARA/wedy29.pdf. Diakses tanggal 15 November 2013.