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Computer Security: Principles and Practice, 2nd Edition Chapter 1
Chapter 1 �C Computer Systems Overview
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS:
T F 1. Threats are attacks carried out.
T F 2. Computer security is protection of the integrity, availability, and
confidentiality of information system resources.
T F 3. Data integrity assures that information and programs are changed only
in a specified and authorized manner.
T F 4. Availability assures that systems works promptly and service is not
denied to authorized users.
T F 5. The ��A�� in the CIA triad stands for ��authenticity��.
T F 6. The more critical a component or service, the higher the level of
availability required.
T F 7. Computer security is essentially a battle of wits between a perpetrator
who tries to find holes and the administrator who tries to close them.
T F 8. Security mechanisms typically do not involve more than one particular
algorithm or protocol.
T F 9. Many security administrators view strong security as an impediment to
efficient and user-friendly operation of an information system.
T F 10. In the context of security our concern is with the vulnerabilities of
system resources.
T F 11. Hardware is the most vulnerable to attack and the least susceptible to
automated controls.
T F 12. Contingency planning is a functional area that primarily requires
computer security technical measures.
T F 13. X.800 architecture was developed as an international standard and
focuses on security in the context of networks and communications.
T F 14. The first step in devising security services and mechanisms is to
develop a security policy.
T F 15. Assurance is the process of examining a computer product or system
with respect to certain criteria.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
1. __________ assures that individuals control or influence what information related
to them may be collected and stored and by whom and to whom that information
may be disclosed.
A. Availability C. System Integrity
B. Privacy D. Data Integrity
2. ________ assures that a system performs its intended function in an unimpaired
manner, free from deliberate or inadvertent unauthorized manipulation of the
system.
A. System Integrity C. Data Integrity
B. Availability D. Confidentiality
3. A loss of _________ is the unauthorized disclosure of information.
A. confidentiality C. integrity
B. authenticity D. availability
4. A ________ level breach of security could be expected to have a severe or
catastrophic adverse effect on organizational operations, organizational assets, or
individuals.
A. low C. normal
B. moderate D. high
5. A flaw or weakness in a system��s design, implementation, or operation and
management that could be exploited to violate the system��s security policy is
a(n) __________.
A. countermeasure C. vulnerability
B. adversary D. risk
6. An assault on system security that derives from an intelligent act that is a
deliberate attempt to evade security services and violate the security policy of a
system is a(n) __________.
A. risk C. asset
B. attack D. vulnerability

7. A(n) __________ is an action, device, procedure, or technique that reduces a
threat, a vulnerability, or an attack by eliminating or preventing it, by minimizing
the harm it can cause, or by discovering and reporting it so that correct action can
be taken.
A. attack C. countermeasure
B. adversary D. protocol
8. A(n) _________ is an attempt to learn or make use of information from the system
that does not affect system resources.
A. passive attack C. inside attack
B. outside attack D. active attack
9. Masquerade, falsification, and repudiation are threat actions that cause
__________ threat consequences.
A. unauthorized disclosure C. deception
B. disruption D. usurpation
10. A threat action in which sensitive data are directly released to an unauthorized
entity is __________.
A. corruption C. disruption
B. intrusion D. exposure
11. An example of __________ is an attempt by an unauthorized user to gain access
to a system by posing as an authorized user.
A. masquerade C. interception
B. repudiation D. inference
12. The _________ prevents or inhibits the normal use or management of
communications facilities.
A. passive attack C. traffic encryption
B. denial of service D. masquerade
13. A __________ is any action that compromises the security of information owned
by an organization.
A. security mechanism C. security attack
B. security policy D. security service

14. The assurance that data received are exactly as sent by an authorized
entity is __________.
A. authentication C. data confidentiality
B. access control D. data integrity
15. __________ is the insertion of bits into gaps in a data stream to frustrate traffic
analysis attempts.
A. Traffic padding C. Traffic routing
B. Traffic control D. Traffic integrity
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1. __________ is the protection afforded to an automated information system in order to
attain the applicable objectives of preserving the integrity, availability, and
confidentiality of information system resources.
2. Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability form what is often referred to as the _____.
3. A loss of _________ is the disruption of access to or use of information or an
information system.
4. In the United States, student grade information is an asset whose confidentiality is
regulated by the __________.
5. A(n) _________ is a threat that is carried out and, if successful, leads to an undesirable
violation of security, or threat consequence.
6. A(n) _________ is any means taken to deal with a security attack.
7. Misappropriation and misuse are attacks that result in ________ threat consequences.
8. The assets of a computer system can be categorized as hardware, software,
communication lines and networks, and _________.
9. Release of message contents and traffic analysis are two types of _________ attacks.
10. Replay, masquerade, modification of messages, and denial of service are example of
_________ attacks.
11. Establishing, maintaining, and implementing plans for emergency response, backup
operations, and post disaster recovery for organizational information systems to ensure
the availability of critical information resources and continuity of operations in
emergency situations is a __________ plan.

12. A(n) _________ assessment is periodically assessing the risk to organizational
operations, organizational assets, and individuals, resulting from the operation of
organizational information systems and the associated processing, storage, or
transmission or organizational information.
13. The OSI security architecture focuses on security attacks, __________, and services.
14. A __________ is data appended to, or a cryptographic transformation of, a data unit
that allows a recipient of the data unit to prove the source and integrity of the data unit
and protect against forgery.
15. Security implementation involves four complementary courses of action: prevention,
detection, response, and _________.

Chapter 1 �C Computer Systems Overview
Answer Key
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS:
1. F
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. F
6. T
7. T
8. F
9. T
10. T
11. T
12. F
13. T
14. T
15. F
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. D
5. C
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. C
10. D
11. A
12. B
13. C
14. D
15. A
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. Computer Security
2. CIA triad
3. availability
4. FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act)
5. attack
6. countermeasure
7. usurpation
8. data
9. passive
10. active
11. contingency
12. risk
13. mechanisms
14. digital signature
15. recovery

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