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Energy Systems (P7, M4, D2)
Ciaran Millen

What is energy?
• Energy is the strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental activity.
(Google dictionary, 2017)
• In football, this means that we can perform to the best of our ability for maximum time allowing
us to contribute positively to our teams performance.

Where do we get energy from?
This energy comes from the food we eat. Our bodies digest the food we
eat by mixing it with fluids (acids and enzymes) in the stomach. When
the stomach digests food, the carbohydrate (sugars and starches) in the
food breaks down into another type of sugar, called glucose.
(https://wa.kaiserpermanente.org/healthAndWellness/index.jhtml?item=/common/...)

ATP
• ATP stands for Adenosine triphosphate
• ATP is a high-energy molecule found in every cell. Its job is to store
and supply the cell with needed energy.
(https://study.com/academy/lesson/atp-definition-molecules-quiz.html)
• In the Immediate energy system, when ATP is made from a Creatine Phosphate molecule, only 1 ATP is made.
• In the Short energy system, when ATP is made from glucose molecules, 2 ATP is made.
• In the Short energy system, when ATP is made from glycogen molecules, 3 ATP is made.
• In the Long energy system, when ATP is made from glucose molecules, 38 ATP is made.
• In the Long energy system, when ATP is made from fatty acids molecules, 129 ATP is made.

The energy systems
• There are 3 energy systems; Immediate systems, Short systems and long
systems.
• We need these 3 energy systems for; muscular contractions and movement,
Circulation, Transmissions of nerve impulses, Digestion of foods and the
repairing and replacing of tissues.
• As a footballer, we need as much energy as we can to enable us to perform to
the best of our ability for maximum time allowing us to contribute positively
to our teams performance and also to keep healthy.

ATP-PC System
• What is it?
ATP-PC system consists of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and phosphocreatine (PC). This energy system provides immediate
energy through the breakdown of these stored high energy phosphates.
• How is energy made?
ATP stored in the myosin cross-bridges is broken down to release energy for muscle contraction. This leaves the by-products
of ATP breakdown: adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and one single phosphate (Pi) all on its own.
• How much ATP is produced?
On slide 4
• Examples of sports that predominantly use this system?
Football, athletics, swimming and basketball.
• Recovery Time?
10-15 seconds.

Lactic Acid System
• What is it?
The lactic acid system is an anaerobic energy system in which the high-energy compound adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is
manufactured from the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid in the muscle cells. ...
It relies on anaerobic glycolysis for its production of ATP. Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to make ATP. In anaerobic
glycolysis the glucose is turned into lactic acid as it produces ATP.
On slide 4
• Examples of sports that predominantly use this system?
Football, athletics, swimming and long distance running.
• Recovery Time?
30 secs- 3 mins.

Aerobic Energy System
• What is it?
• Examples of sports that predominantly use this system
• Recovery Time

100 metre race
This graph shows us that at the beginning, there is a rapid increase because of the immediate energy system being
activated. Overtime, between 20-50m, the velocity is increased above 10 meaning the athletes short term energy has
been activated and used. Between 50-70m, there is a quick burst of immediate energy to maybe keep the athlete in the
race or to gain a position coming into the last 30m of the race. Finally in the last 30m, the athletes velocity drops by a
small amount as the long term energy system is slowly releasing energy for the athlete to burn at the end of the race

1500 metre race
• In the first 100m of the race, athletes uses immediate energy at the
beginning to ensure they are in the best position possible to compete
the rest of the race. Then from 100m to 1100m, the pace slows down
because the athletes body has started to use the short term energy
and has now transferred to the long term energy systems, which
releases energy over a period of time to ensure the athletes have
enough energy to complete the race as quickly as possible.

References and Bibliography
• https://wa.kaiserpermanente.org/healthAndWellness/index.jhtml?ite
m=/common/...
• Googledictonary.co.uk
• https://study.com/academy/lesson/atp-definition-molecules-
quiz.html

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