The document discusses how to report commands in English using verbs like "tell", "ask", and "order". It provides examples of reporting direct commands like "Go to your room" as "He told Tony to go to his room". It also discusses using "not" with commands and reporting suggestions, apologies, and admissions using "-ing" forms after verbs like "suggest", "apologize", and "admit".
The document discusses the differences between direct and reported speech. Direct speech reports someone's exact words within quotation marks, while reported speech reports the general idea without quotation marks and makes certain changes like changing pronouns and verb tenses. Reported speech changes verbs to past tense if they are reporting something said in the past. It also provides examples of direct speech being changed to reported speech.
The document discusses question tags in English. Question tags are short confirmation questions added at the end of sentences. They are formed using an auxiliary verb like "is, does, can" plus a pronoun like "he, she." Positive sentences take negative question tags and vice versa. Examples are provided like "The baby isn't hungry, is he?" Question tags can also be formed using "shall we" for lets, "will you" for imperatives, and "they" for pronouns like everybody.
28. He left home without saying a word.
(Bir kelime s旦ylemeden evden ayr脹ld脹)
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29. He is good at playing football.
(O futbol oynamakta iyidir)
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30. Im very sorry for breaking your heart.
(Kalbini k脹rd脹脹m i巽in 巽ok 端zg端n端m)
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31. I waited for her without eating anything.
(Onu bir ey yemeden bekledim)
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32. To kelimesinin edat olarak kullan脹ld脹脹
aa脹daki ifadelerden sonra ing form
kullan脹r脹z:
look forward to, be/get used to, get round to,
object to, in addition to, be accustomed to,
prefer (doing something to doing something
else)
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33. Were looking forward to going on holiday.
(Tatile gitmeyi d旦rt g旦zle bekliyoruz)
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34. Are you object to listening to pop music?
(Pop m端zik dinlemeye kar脹 m脹s脹n?)
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35. Bu ifadeleri izleyen fiiller ing formda
kullan脹l脹r:
be busy, cant bear, cant help, cant stand,
feel like, have a hard /difficult time, have
difficulty (in), have trouble, its (no) good, its
(not) worth, its no use, spend / waste / lose
money/time, there is no, theres no point (in),
what is the point (in), whats the use of
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36. I cant stand waiting for the bus.
(Otob端s beklemeye dayanam脹yorum)
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37. Its no good making noise inside.
(聴巽erde g端r端lt端 yapmak deil.)
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38. It is not worth reading that book.
(u kitab脹 okumaya demez. )
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39. He spent a lot of money travelling around the
world.
(D端nya etraf脹nda seyahat ederek 巽ok para
harcad脹)
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40. I cant help laughing at your new hair style.
(Yeni sa巽 stiline g端lmekten kendimi
alam脹yorum.)
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41. Theres no point (in) waiting here.
(Burada beklemenin anlam脹 yok)
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43. Im happy about my brothers winning the exam.
(Kardeimin s脹nav脹 kazanmas脹ndan mutluyum)
Im happy about his winning the exam.
(Onun s脹nav脹 kazanmas脹ndan mutluyum
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44. Johns making noise makes everyone angry.
(Johnun g端r端lt端 yapmas脹 herkesi k脹zd脹r脹r)
His making noise makes everyone angry.
(Onun g端r端lt端 yapmas脹 herkesi k脹zd脹r脹r)
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45. See / hear / feel / watch / listen to / notice
Bu fiillerden sonra 束object + ing損, bir eylemi
devam ederken bir b旦l端m端n端 g旦rd端端m端z端,
iittiimizi vb. ifade eder:
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46. I saw my brother waiting at the bus stop.
(Erkek kardeimi durakta beklerken g旦rd端m)
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47. Bir eylemin tamam脹n脹, yani batan sona
g旦rd端端m端z端, iittiimizi, vb. bu fiillerden
sonra 束object + yal脹n fiil損 ile ifade ederiz.
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48. I saw a man climb the wall and enter the
house.
(Bir adam脹 duvara t脹rmand脹脹n脹 ve eve girdiini
g旦rd端m)
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49. Baz脹 fiillerden sonra kullan脹lan dier fiiller hem
ing form hem to infinitive formda
kullan脹labilir. Aa脹da bu kullan脹mlar madde
madde a巽脹klanmaktad脹r.
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50. advise, allow, encourage, forbid, permit,
recommend
Bu fiillerden sonra object (nesne)
kullan脹lmazsa ing form, kullan脹l脹rsa to
infinitive formda bir fiil gelir.
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51. I advised taking more exercise.
(Daha fazla egzersiz yapmay脹 tavsiye ettim)
I advised him to take more exercise.
(Ona daha fazla egzersiz yapmas脹n脹 tavsiye
ettim)
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52. Aa脹daki fiiller bir anlam fark脹 olmadan hem -
ing hem to infinitive alabilirler.
begin, cease, continue, dread, cant bear, hate,
like, love, prefer, start
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53. He started reading book.
He started to read book.
(Kitap okumaya balad脹)
I like playing football.
I like to play football.
(Futbol oynamay脹 severim)
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54. Begin, continue, hate, like, start fillerinden
sonra understand, know, realize gibi
continuous tenselerle kullan脹lmayan fiilleri to
infinitive eklinde kullan脹r脹z:
I began to understand.
(Anlamaya balad脹m)
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55. Baz脹 fiillerden sonra anlam脹na g旦re -ing veya to
fiil getiririz:
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56. forget + -ing : Daha 旦nce yap脹lan bir eyi
unutmak
forget + to : Yap脹lmas脹 gereken bir eyi
yapmay脹 unutmak.
Ill never forget visiting New York in 2012.
Sorry, I forgot to invite you to the wedding.
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57. remember + -ing : ncesinde yap脹lan bir
eylemi an脹msamak
remember + to : Yap脹lmas脹 gereken bir eylemi
hat脹rlamak.
I remember visiting New York in 2012.
Dont worry, I will remember to lock the door.
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58. Try + -ing : Denemek, yani yapmak ve sonucu
g旦rmek.
Try + to : Zor bir eyi yapmaya 巽al脹mak,
uramak.
I tried taking aspirin, but it didnt work.
I tried to move the sofa, but I couldnt.
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59. stop + -ing: Yap脹lmakta olan eylemi b脹rakmak,
kesmek.
stop + to : Bir eylem yapmak i巽in durmak.
My father stopped smoking two years ago.
I was running. Then I stopped to drink water.
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60. regret + ing : ge巽miteki eylem hakk脹nda
pimanl脹k.
regret + to : yap脹lacak bir eylem i巽in 端z端nt端
belirtirken kullan脹l脹r.
I regret buying this jacket. It didnt suit me.
I regret to say that I cant lend you any money.
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61. need + to C端mlenin 旦znesinin yapmas脹
gereken bir eyi belirtirken kullan脹l脹r.
need + ..-ing: Eylemi yapacak olan 旦zneden
bakas脹 olduunda kullan脹l脹r.
Im thirsty. I need to drink some water.
The car needs cleaning.
(= The car needs to be cleaned.)
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62. Like, prefer, hate, love fiillerini would ile
kullan脹rken to infinitive kullan脹r脹z:
Id prefer to wait for the bus.
(Otob端s端 beklemeyi tercih ederim
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63. thank you
prepared by
HSEY聴N URAZ
for
www.ingilizcebankasi.com
息 2016
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