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Asst. Professor(Computer Science)
International School of Management,Patna
Presented by- Dr. Ranjan Kumar Mishra
History of Programming Language

Programming Language
 It is a tool to develop different type of software.
 It is a language that has been used to give instructions to the
computer to perform specific task.
 We can develop any type of application i.e. windows-based ,
web-based and mobile application also .
 Some of the programming language supports window-based and
some supports web-based .

Origin of C
BCPL and B are "type less"
languages whereas C provides
a variety of data types. In 1972
Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs
writes C and in 1978 the
publication of The C
Programming Language by
Kernighan & Ritchie caused a
revolution in the computing
world.
ALGOL (1960)
BCPL (1967)
B (1970)
C (1972)
K & RC (1978)
ANSI C (1989)
ANSI/ISO C
(1990)

Hierarchy of language
Machine
Assembly
Specific
Purpose
General
Purpose

What is C?
C is a high-level and general purpose
programming language that is ideal for
developing firmware or portable applications.
Originally intended for writing system software,
C was developed at Bell Labs by Dennis Ritchie
for the Unix Operating System (OS) in the early
1970s.

Levels of Programming Language
1
• Low Level
2
• High Level

Low Level
Machine
language
Assembly
language
In form of 0 and 1
No need of Compiler
/interpreter
Uses binary as well as
symbols like
ADD,SUB,LOAD etc.
It requires
ASSEMBELE
R

High Level
Specific
purpose
General
Purpose
COBOL is used only
for business
purpose.
(Common Business
Oriented language)
FORTRAN is
used only for
scientific purpose.
(Formulae
Translation)
It provides a
common platform to
develop different
type of software.
Like C, C++, Java
, .NET etc.

Types of Application Software
Stand Alone
Application
Networking based
Application
Software
A Software that runs on a single system
at a time.
Ex:- A billing Software used by the
shopkeeper.
A software that runs on a multiple system
at a time.
Ex:- A billing software used in the malls.

Utility Software
 It improves the function of computer infrastructure to help users
performs multiple tasks efficiently.
 It is designed to help analyze, configure, optimize or maintain a
computer and enhance the computer’s performance.
 It is a program that performs a specific task, which is usually related
to managing the system resources.
Ex:- All antiviruses, Disk Repair, Disk Cleaner, Registry Cleaner etc.

Compiler Vs. Interpreter
• Compiler is a computer
program that transforms
code written in a high-level
programming language into
the machine code.
• It will convert the code into
machine code (.exe) before
program run.
• Interpreter is a computer
program which converts each
high level program statement
into the machine code.
• It will convert code into
machine code when the
program is run.

ERROR
Compile Time Run Time
Syntax
Error
Semanti
c Error Logical
Error

Structured Programming
C is a structured
programing language
and it follows top to
bottom approach. It
works on the basis on
divide and conquer
rule.
Calculator
Sum
a+b
Sub
a-b
Mul
a*b

Advantage of Structured P/L
It is user friendly and very easy to understand.
It is easier to learn and also to maintain.
They require less time to write.
These are mainly problem oriented.

PDLC
Algorithm
Flow Chart
Pseudo
Code
Coding/Pro
gram
It is a
finite
sequenc
e of
steps to
solve a
particula
r
problem.
It is a
pictorial
representatio
n of
algorithm.
It is an
informal
high level
descriptio
n.
It is not an
executable
program.
It can be
written in
any high
level
language

Features of C:
 Structure Oriented
 Platform Dependent
 Compiler Based
 Simple and easy to learn
 Huge function library
 Uses of pointer concept
 Power Full
 Case Sensitive

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Introduction of C Programming

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