排队排队--办补蹿办补

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碍补蹿办补是一个分布式的日志提交服务，起源于尝颈苍办别诲滨苍，使用厂肠补濒补实现。它作为消息队列，具有高负载和可横向扩展性，采用分区和多副本存储机制，依靠窜辞辞办别别辫别谤进行集群管理。生产者通过推送消息到叠谤辞办别谤，消费者从叠谤辞办别谤拉取消息，支持多种消费模式和容灾特性。

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什么是kafka
不是《变形虫》的作者。
Kafka起源于LinkedIn，使用scala语言实现。
是一个分布式的、分区的、多复本的日志提交服务。
作为消息队列使用，类似RabbitMQ等。
负载高，可横向扩展。
可靠性较低，无排序，无确认。
RPC协议使用Avro，thrift协议。
Jakfa，java版本。

kafka的架构
Kafka体系中有三种身份，Kafka只作为Broker。
Zookeeper作为集群管理，收集Consumer，Broker的信息，提
供查询。
producer推给broker，consumer从broker拉，broker是被动的。
Kafka可以分多副本，支持容灾。
消息分topic，不同的topic分不同的队列。同一topic，可以分
为多个partition，分为不同的队列中。
consumer分组，一组可以有多个。一个消息只能被一组消费
一次。不同组可以重复消费。
最多一次，至少一次，恰好一次。

生产者
生产者要连接Kafka，需要保持和每个partition的leader的连接。
没有路由。
当一个topic分为多个partition时，producer需要指定partition。
生产者主动推送过去。
批量插入broker，速度快。
消息不要求时效性，不要求事务。
多副本的存在，只要消息插入到broker，就认为不会丢失。
接受的消息量一般随生产者的增加线性增加。

代理者
被动，基本只维护队列。
分topic，每topic分多个partition，每个partition可以多副本，
有一个leader。leader尽量分散。
消息顺序写硬盘，分几个固定大小或者按照时间删掉旧的。
按照offset来分发消息，不保存offset的信息（zookeeper）。
In-Sync Replica，保证延迟不会太大。
可迁移topic，增加分区副本，或者增加分区。
只解决”fail/recover”，不处理“Byzantine”问题。

消费者
一个消费者，绑定一个partition。一个partition，只能有一个
消费者。
通过zookeeper拿offset。
可以重设offset，特别适合灾难恢复。
消费者要到zookeeper连接，指定组id。
发送fetch到broker，并告知offset，broker返回。
API连接方便，指定zookeeper就可以。
当consumer或者broker数目变化时候，会导致连接的重新分配。
consumer的commit，会改变offset，可在执行前也可在执行后。

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